Presentation On Ocular System.ppppppppppt

It is a presentation on Anatomy & Physiology of Eye.

1. Presented By
Sazzad Hasan
Sr. Executive, SBMD
Basic structure & function of
Human EYES

2. What is human Eye?
Sensory organ, part of the sensory nervous system
Reacts to visible light and allows humans to use visual information
Seeing things, keeping balance, and maintaining circadian rhythm.

3. Shape of Eye..
•Almost Spherical
•Diameter : 25mm
•Two parts of eye:
1.Anterior part-Comprises 1/6 part of eye
2.Posterior part –Comprises 5/6 part of Eye
Posterior part remains in orbital socket

4. Structure of Eyeball
•Three layers:
1.Outer fibrous tissue-Contains
Sclera & Cornea
2. Middle vascular layer/Uvealtract –
Rich in blood supply
Contains Choroid, Cilliarybody, Iris,
Pupil, Lens
3. Inner nervous tissue layer: Contains
Retina, Vitreous humor

6. Mechanism of vision
Light passes through the front of the eye (cornea) to the lens
The cornea and the lens help to focus the light rays onto the back of the eye
(retina)
The cells in the retina absorb and convert the light to electrochemical impulses
Transferred along the optic nerve and then to the brain.
Visual area of brain receives this signal and help us to see

7. Structure & Function of different part of the eyes
Sclera
1. White fibrous outer
layer of eye
2. Maintain Shape of the
eye
3. Gives attachment to the
Extrinsic muscle

9. Cornea
1. Clear transparent
epithelial membrane
3. Has refracting
power
4. Bent light rays to
lens
2. Convex in shape
Structure & Function of different part of the eyes

10. Structure & Function of different parts of the eyes
1. Middle layer between
Sclera & Retina
2. Rich in blood supply
3. Absorbs light
Choroid

12. CilliaryBody
1. Anterior
continuation of
Choroid.
2. Suspensory
ligaments attach lens
with lens.
3. Cilliarymuscle
controls size &
thickness of Lens
4. Secretory
epithelial cell secrets
aqueous fluid
Structure & Function of different parts of the eyes

13. 1. Highly elastic , biconvex
3. Can change refractory
power.
Lens
2. Refract light & focus to
retina.
Structure & Function of different parts of the eyes

14. Iris
1. Determines color of Eyes as
pigmented part.
2. Differentiate anterior and posterior
chamber of eye.
3. Two layers of smooth muscle & nerve
supply:
Circular : Contract pupil (More light)
Para-Sympathetic nerve supply
Radiating :Dilate Pupil (Less Light)
Sympathetic nerve supply
Structure & Function of different part of the eyes

15. Retina
3. Two types of sensory receptor cells:
Rod cells: sensitive for dim light
Cone cells: Sensitive for bright light
4. Convert light rays nerve impulse which goes to brain
through optic nerve
1.Most inner lining of eye
2. Stimulate light rays
Structure & Function of different parts of the eyes

17. Macula
Contains fovea
centralis, Only presents
cone cells.
0.5 cm to macula, optic
disc/ Blind spot is
situated
Structure & Function of different parts of the eyes

18. Extra ocular Anatomy
Eyelids: 1. Wipe eyes &
prevent dehydration
Eyelashes: 1. prevents fine
particles from entering the
eye.
Conjunctiva: 1. Covers the
sclera & line inside the eyelids