Presentation on pharmaceutical topical preparations (Cream, Ointments & Gel) & their application is associated skin disorders.pptx

Presentation about topical preparation

1. Presentation on pharmaceutical topical preparations (Cream, Ointments & Gel) & their application is associated skin disorders Prepared by Md Tahidul Islam Department of Pharmaceutical Technology University of Dhaka

2. Pharmaceutical topical preparations: are products designed to be applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes. They’re used for various purposes, including treating local conditions, delivering medication directly to a specific area, or providing symptomatic relief. Common forms include: Creams and Ointments: Emulsions or semi-solid preparations that hydrate and protect the skin while delivering active ingredients. Gels: Clear or translucent formulations that provide a cooling effect and are often used for acne or pain relief.

3. Creams Composition: Creams are typically emulsions of oil and water. They can be either oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. O/W creams are more common and feel lighter on the skin, while W/O creams are thicker and more emollient. Properties: Hydration: They provide good hydration and are less greasy compared to ointments. Absorption: They absorb into the skin relatively quickly. Usage: Suitable for most skin types, including those with normal to oily skin. They’re often used for conditions requiring moisture and a less greasy feel. Examples: Moisturizers, corticosteroid creams, and some anti-fungal treatments.

4. Applications of Creams in skin disorders: Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis): Creams are often used because they provide hydration without being overly greasy. They help soothe itching and reduce inflammation. Psoriasis: Creams with corticosteroids or other medicated ingredients can help reduce inflammation and scaling while keeping the skin moisturized. Contact Dermatitis: Creams can alleviate symptoms and protect the skin while treating the underlying cause, such as an allergic reaction or irritant. Acne: Creams with active ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or topical antibiotics can treat acne by reducing bacteria and inflammation.

5. Ointments Composition: Ointments are generally composed of oils, fats, and waxes with minimal water content. They are typically greasy and have a higher oil content compared to creams. Properties: Occlusiveness : They form a barrier on the skin that helps to retain moisture and protect the skin. Hydration: They are excellent for treating dry or scaly skin due to their emollient properties. Usage: Often used for dry or irritated skin conditions and for medications that need to stay in contact with the skin for a longer period. They can be more uncomfortable for those with oily skin or in warm climates due to their greasy nature. Examples: Emollients, antibiotic ointments, and some anti-inflammatory treatments.

6. Applications of Ointments in skin disorders Dry Skin Conditions: Ointments are ideal for very dry or cracked skin, as they provide a barrier and intense moisture. They’re used for conditions like xerosis (severely dry skin) and ichthyosis. Inflammatory Skin Conditions (e.g., Psoriasis, Eczema): Ointments with corticosteroids are often used for their potent anti-inflammatory effects. They help reduce redness, swelling, and itching. Wound Healing: Ointments can be used to protect wounds and promote healing, especially in cases where the skin is very dry or prone to cracking. Infections (e.g., Bacterial or Fungal Infections): Ointments containing antibiotics or antifungal agents can be applied to infected areas to treat the infection and prevent its spread.

7. Gels Composition: Gels are typically made from water and gelling agents (like carbomers or hydroxyethylcellulose ) that give them their clear, semi-solid consistency. They usually contain little to no oil. Properties: Non-greasy: They are usually less greasy and feel lighter on the skin compared to creams and ointments. Cooling Effect: Many gels provide a cooling sensation when applied, which can be soothing for certain conditions. Absorption: They absorb quickly into the skin and do not leave a residue. Usage: Ideal for oily or acne-prone skin, or for conditions where a non-greasy, quick-absorbing product is preferred. They are also used in situations where a product needs to be applied thinly over a large area. Examples: Acne treatments, pain relief gels, and some anti-inflammatory gels.

8. Application of Gels in skin disorders Acne: Gels containing benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or topical retinoids are effective for treating acne. They help unclog pores and reduce inflammation without adding extra oil. Pain Relief: Gels with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or menthol can provide localized pain relief for conditions like muscle strains or arthritis. Rosacea: Gels with topical antibiotics or anti-inflammatory agents can help manage rosacea symptoms by reducing redness and inflammation. Sunburn: Cooling gels with ingredients like aloe vera can soothe sunburned skin, reducing redness and providing relief from discomfort.

9. Thank you Any Questions?