Presentation on Pigeon Pea

Presentation on Pigeon Pea for B.Sc Ag students.

1. Agronomy of field crop management Pigeon pea By Deep Sarkar B. Sc Ag, 3 rd year Siksha “O” Anusandhan AG-314

2. Introduction The pigeon pea CAJANUS CAJAN is a perennial legume from the family –FABACEAE since its domestication at least 3,500 years ago . Its seeds have become a common food in ASIA,AFRICA and Latin AMERICA it is consumed on a very large scale in SOUTH ASIA . It is a major source of protin for the population of the India subcontent . it is the primary accompaniment to rice or roti (flat bread)and has the status of staple diet through the length and breadth of India.

3. . SPECFICATION OF ARHAR Scientific Name- CAJANUS CAJAN Test crop-pigeon pea Local Name- arhar Family- fabaceae Variety-NTL-724 Chromosome no-2N=22 Season of Growing- Kharif Plot no-16(C) Plot sige :-20m 2 Course Name-practical Crop production-1( kharif crops) Course Code-AG-311 Root:-Tap root  

4. IMPORTANCE OF ARHAR . . pigeon pea ( cajanus cajan (L)commonly known as red gram or tur or Arhar . It is a very old crop of this country .after gram arhar is the second most important pulse crop in the country. I t is mainly eaten in from of spilt pulse as dal;seeds of arhar are also rich in iron iodine, essential aminoacid like lycine,threonine,cystine and arginine etc. M ore than 80%of tour production come from 6 states of Maharashtra . Mp,Karnataka,up,Gujarat,and Jharkhanda .

5. NUTRITIVE VALUE protein-23% fat-1.7% minerals-3.5% fiber-1.5% carbohydrate-57.6% calcium-73mg100g phosphours-304mg100g iron-5.8mg100g moisture-13.4% calorific value-335kcal100g

6. VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS Name of the variety :- NTL 724. Duration of maturity:- 12O DAYS. M orphological characters:- Short duration variety,erect tall ,green stem. Reaction to measure disease:- Resistance to gram pod borer,aphid,grass blue butterfly,termites,grass hopper. Diseases:- fusarium wilt,alternaria leaf spot,powedery mildew.

7. SOING DETAILS . DATE OF SOWING:- 12.07.2019 SEED TREATMENT:- rhizobium METHOD OF SOWING :- Line sowing SEED RATE :- 15kg/ha .30g for 20m 2 ( Seedrate for 20m2 areaRecommend dose= 15 kg/ha1 ha require 15kg/ha= 15000g of seed For 10,000m2 = 15000g of seed For 20m2 =15000/10000*20 = 30g/area) DEPTH OF SOWING:- 5cm SPACING:- 30X60 LAND PREPARATION:- 12.07.2019 IMPLEMENT USED:- PHawrah,trench hoe ,garden rake,lebeller,rope . RDF:- 20:40:20 kg/ha .for our plot dose-19:174:67g N:P;K

8. LAND PREPARETION Land preparation : 13/7/19 Weeding operation was done in the plot and weeds from the bunds was also removed for proper irrigation. Tillage operation was done with the help of phawrah and trench hoe for increasing porosity of the soil. Levelling was done with the help of leveller for maintaining proper slope of the plot. Implements used : Phawrah , Trench hoe, Garden rake, Leveller.

9. PLANT GROWTH STAGES 10 days 30 days 60 days 90 days

10. DIFFERENT GROUP ACTIVITY Earthing up Taking plant population Hand weeding Hoeing

11. NUTREIENT MANAGEMENT Fertilizer dose - N2:P2O5:K20 20: 40 :20kg/ha Fertilizer calculation- Urea - 46%N, DAP - 18%N and 46%P205 MOP - 60% K20 46 kg p205 is present in 100kg DAP 40 kg p205 will contain = 100/46*40= 86.95kg/ha 100 kg DAP contain =18 kg N2 86.95kg/ha will contain = 18/100 *86.95= 15.651 kg/ha Remaining =20-15.657=4.349 46kg N2 is present in 100 kg urea 4.349N2 wil contain =100/46*4.349= 9.454kg/ha 60 kg K2O from 100 Kg MAP 20 kg will contain = 100/60*20 =33.34 kg/ha For 20m2 area DAP = 86950/10,000*20= 173.9g Urea= 9454/10,000*20= 18.9g MOP=33340/10,000*20= 66.68g So the requirement dose is N2:P2O5:K2O( Urea:DAP:MOP )= 19:174:67g (FOR OUR PLOT)

12. STATISTICS OF ARHAR PRODUCTION IN INDIA

13. GROWTH PARAMETER Sl .no Das Plant hight in cm Plant leaf number 1. 30 27.8 6.9 2. 60 120 57.9 3. 90 140 80.7 STATISTICAL DATA ABOUT CROP Place Crop nane Area( M.ha ) Production(M.ton) Productivity(kg/ha) Msp (Rs) In india Arhar 46.5 30.227 650 5627 In odisha Arhar 1.39 1.29 902 2297

14. LEAF AREA INDEX(LAI) SL NO DAS LAI 1 30 1.5 2 60 2.6 3 90 4.7 GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION

15. INTER CULTUR OPERATIONS Gap Filling Done..date 2/8/19. Thining Is Done..date 9/8/19. Hoeing Done by hand. Earthing Up Operation done..date 16/8/19 or 20 /9/19. Weeding Is done by hand Spray pendimethalin @750gm/ha weeds found in our plot :- Eleusine indica Digitaria sanguinalis Commelina benghalensis

16. WATER MANAGEMENT Branching ,flowering ,and pod filling,are the critical stages where moisture stress causes adverse effect on growth and developmentof the crop. Avioding moisture stress at this stage result in higher productivity of the crop . In our plot ridge and furrow irrigation was done

17. DISEASES OF ARHAR IN OUR PLOT 3 DISEASES ARE FOUND... Fusarium wilt :- co:- F usarium oxysporum Symotom :- Druping of lwigs,falling down leaves Management:- Apply Trichoderma viridae @4g/kg Alternaria leaf spot :- co:- Alternaria brassicae Symptom:- C oncentric ring likes structure Arhar sterility mosic :- couse by:- Arhar sterility mosic virus

18. PEST OF ARHAR Grass hopper- Symotom :- Eating the lives of plant Termite attack - becouse applying FYM in undecomposed condition Symptom :- Thay cut the plant in colar region and chock the xylem and phloem and plants will die. Pest control :- Bavistin 2g/l or Chlorpyriphos 2ml/l sprayed

19. Sl.no operation Unit cost Total cost 1. Land preparation and labelling Tractor operation@900/ha 4hr Labour 6 @ rs 280/day Rs 3600 Rs 1680 2. manuring fym@6ton/ha rs 2000 / tonn Rs10000 3. Fertiliser Urea-44kg Ssp – 250kg Mop-33kg n:p:k= 20:40:20 Rs 7 /kg Rs 10/kg Rs 20 /kg Labour 4 Rs 308 Rs 2500 Rs660 Rs 1120 4. Seed Seedrate 15kg/ha @ rs 150/kg Rs2250 5 Sowing Line sowing 6 labour Rs 1680 6. Seed treatment Bavistin @ 1.25 gm/kg rs150/100gm Rhizobium@20kg/ha rs 250/kg Rs1870 Rs 75 7. Weed control Pendimethalin @ 750 gm/ha Rs 175/250ml Rs 525 8. Plant protection For wilt Trichoderma viridi @4gm/kg Rs 8 9. Inter cultural operation Labour 20,rs.280/kg Rs.5600 10 Harvesting and drying 20man days@280/day Rs 7000 11. Threshing winnowing bagging and drying 20man days@280/day Rs 5600 12 miscellaneous 10% of total cost Rs 4504 Cost of cultivation

20. Total cost of cultivation = rs 49545 Msp of pegion pea rs 5800/qt Total yield = 18q/ha Total income =18x5800= rs 104400 Profit =104400-49545= rs 54885 Benifit cost ratio= total income/ total cultivation =104400/49545=2.1