Presentation1:- Occupational Structure Of Indian Economy

Occupational Structure Of Indian Economy

1. OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE OF INDIAN ECONOMY

2. WHAT IS OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE T he occupational structure of any country is defined by the segment of a country's population that is engaged in economic ventures and various professions. To define occupational structure most simply the different demographic sections of a country who are employed in different sectors like agriculture, manufacturing and transport, among many other constitute the occupational structure of a nation.

3. TYPES OF OCCUPATION An occupation of a person is defined as the principal work or business which he or she carries out on a daily basis to earn their primary earning. Occupation in any country can a broadly divided into three major categories: 1. Primary occupations of any country include agriculture construction and animal husbandry. 2. The Secondary set of occupations include the people who work in manufacturing and servicing Industries. 3. Tertiary branch of occupations encompasses the part of the population working in communication, transport, administration and other remaining services.

4. OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE IN COLONIAL INDIA During the colonial period, the occupational structure of India, i.e., the allocation of working people across various industries and sectors, explicated small hints of change. The agricultural sector valued for the highest share of the workforce, which normally prevailed at a high of 70–75%, while the manufacturing and service sectors estimated for only 10 and 15-20% sequentially. Another outstanding perspective was the growing geographical variation. Parts of the then Madras Presidency (including areas of the present-day states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka), Bombay, and Bengal observed a drop in the dependence of the workforce on the agricultural sector with a corresponding increase in the production and the services sectors. However, there was an increase in the share of the workforce in agriculture during the same time in the states like Rajasthan, Odisha, and Punjab. SECTOR 1951 1981 1991 2000 PRIMARY 72.1 68.7 66.8 56.7 SECONDARY 10.6 13.5 12.7 17.5 TERTIARY 17.3 17.8 20.5 25.8 (IN PERCENTAGE)

5. FEATURES OF AN OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE The salient features of India’s occupational structure are as follows: 1. Agriculture is a primary source of occupation in the nation. 2. At the time of Independence, almost 75% of the total population was engaged in agricultural activities, as a result of which there still lies backwardness in the Indian economy. 3. All three sectors of the nation witnessed unbalanced advancement and escalation. 4. The states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Kerela observed a significant shift in their dependence of the working population from the agricultural sector to the manufacturing as well as tertiary sectors. 5. The growth in regional variations.

6. WHY DID THE OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE FAIL? The occupational structure in India has not changed significantly over the years and a very large proportion of the work force is still engaged in the primary sector. 1. Failure to Develop Agricultural Sector 2. Rapid Population Growth 3. Slow Industrialisation 4. Slow Development of Infrastructure

7. SUGGESTIONS TO BRING ABOUT CHANGES IN OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE To bring about changes in the occupational structure in line with the historical economic growth of developed countries the following suggestions are made: 1 . Control of Population Growth 2 . Change in Occupational Structure in Rural Areas 3 . Development of Small Industries 4 . Diversification of Industrial Structure 5 . Development of Infrastructure Sector

8. CONCLUSION The above analysis reveals that the occupational structure in India has remained almost static over the years. Leaving aside the period of the British rule which kept the Indian economy in a state of stagnation, there has been little shift in the occupational distribution of the work force. About 50 years of planned economic development has not made much impact on primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of the economy in terms of occupational distribution. About 60 per cent of the work force is still engaged in the primary sector which is over­crowded and the pressure of population continues on land. The secondary sector has also failed to absorb more labour force despite industrialization and urbanization. So far as the tertiary sector is concerned, it shows that a higher proportion of work force is engaged in this sector as compared to the secondary sector.

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