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1. Project Guided By- Mr. Dhananjay Shukla Project Review - 1 SOLAR POWERED VEHICLE

2. Contents SUN – The Ultimate Source of Energy SOLAR PANELS Why don’t solar panels generate AC ? Interesting Facts About Solar Panels EFICIENCY OF SOLAR PANEL Do solar panels mean solar cars? SOLAR POWERED VEHICLES

3. SUN – The Ultimate Source of Energy It is the major source of energy for all the living organisms on the earth as it provides us with warmth and light. All other energy sources are the outcome of the solar energy . The sun releases about 27×10 ^27 kW energy every second. Every second, one square meter of the earth’s surface receives 1.4 kW power . The sun is the ultimate source of almost all kinds of energy on earth, either directly or indirectly. Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) are the transformed forms of plants (and animals) which once lived on the earth and grew capturing the energy of the sun. Biomass is a product of photosynthesis where the sun has the major role.

4. SOLAR PANELS Photovoltaic solar panels absorb sunlight as a source of energy to generate direct current electricity. A photovoltaic (PV) module is a packaged, connected assembly of photovoltaic solar cells available in different voltages and wattages

5. Why don’t solar panels generate AC ? Reason for not producing AC from solar panel is the output is discrete and the range of difference of those discrete value is less, for AC the nature of output must be sine in nature, must have peak and minimum value and as we know light intensity is constant for long period and changes for very short period thus to produce AC it is difficult

6. Interesting Facts About Solar Panels SOLAR PANELS CAN PRODUCE POWER WITHOUT DIRECT SUNLIGHT. A SOLAR-POWERED HOME CAN REDUCE CO2 EMISSIONS BY 100 TONS WITHIN 30 YEARS SOLAR POWER CAN FUEL VEHICLES SOLAR PANELS PRODUCE APPROXIMATELY 10 KILOWATTS OF ENERGY PER SQUARE FOOT THE NUMBER OF U.S. SOLAR POWER INSTALLATIONS IS 23 TIMES HIGHER THAN EIGHT YEARS AGO

7. EFICIENCY OF SOLAR PANEL Solar panel efficiency is a measure of the amount of solar energy (irradiation) which falls on a panel surface and is converted into electricity. Due to many recent advances in solar cell technology, the average panel conversion efficiency has increased from 15% to almost 20 %. The high-cost IBC cells are currently the most efficient (20-22%), due to the high purity N-type silicon cell base and no losses from busbar /finger shading. However, recent mono PERC cells and the latest heterojunction (HJT) cells have also achieved efficiency levels above 20%

8. Do solar panels mean solar cars ? Some would argue that electric cars are already in place and some solar panels doing the charging would indirectly mean solar cars. However, imagine charging your car on the go. Not needing to stop every few miles for a ‘solar station’ to charge your car with . The term “solar powered vehicle” is generally used to describe any vehicle that has solar cells integrated into its design to provide extra energy on the go.

9. SOLAR POWERED VEHICLE Solar powered vehicles  create no emissions . They are also silent and thus noise pollution is reduced to a minimum. With improvements in a energy storage, your car will be able to drive around all day, come back home and then power your home at night. It is one of the safest forms of renewable energy and quite easy to harness too. An interesting variant of the electric vehicle is the triple hybrid vehicle—the PHEV that has solar panels as well to assist. The 2010 Toyota Prius model has an option to mount solar panels on the roof

10. Group Members NAME Reg .No. BATCH SURAJ SINGH 1774 AE- 03(2 nd Shift) SIDDHARTH SONI 1755 AE- 03(2 nd Shift) SANKET KATALE 1748 AE- 03(2 nd Shift)

11. Reference Links https:// treehozz.com/how-much-of-the-suns-energy-reaches-earth #:~:text=Secondly%2C%20how%20much%20energy%20hits%20the%20earth%20every,Earth%20is%20about%201.75E17%20Joules%20per%20second.% 20 https://news.energysage.com/solar-panels-work/#:~: text=Here%20are%20the%20main%20steps%20for%20how%20solar,solar%20panels%20is%20fed%20to%20the%20electric%20grid https://www.sempersolaris.com/10-interesting-facts-about-solar-panels/#:~:text=10%20Interesting%20Facts%20About%20Solar%20Panels%20You%20Probably,23%20times%20higher%20than%20eight%20years%20ago.% 20 https://www.solar.com/learn/solar-panel-efficiency/#:~: text=Solar%20panel%20efficiency%20is%20a%20measurement%20of%20how,to%20be%20converted%20into%20AC%20%28alternating%20current%29%20energy https://www.solarpanel.education/solar-powered-vehicles-brief-introduction/#:~:text=Solar%20powered%20vehicles%20create%20no%20emissions.% 20They%20are,renewable%20energy%20and%20quite%20easy%20to%20harness%20too

12. THANK-YOU