Pressure measurement includes measuring instruments for pressure .pptx

Pressure measuring instruments

1. Pressure Measurement Pressure measurement is crucial in various industries and applications. It quantifies the force exerted by a fluid or gas on its surroundings and helps ensure safety and efficiency. Instruments like manometers, pressure transducers, and pressure gauges are used to monitor and control pressure, ensuring optimal performance in processes and systems

2. What Is Pressure Measurement? Pressure measurement is the quantification of force exerted by a fluid or gas on a surface. It's crucial in various industries, from engineering to healthcare. Devices like manometers, pressure gauges, and transducers are used to measure pressure, aiding in tasks ranging from maintaining tire pressure to monitoring industrial processes and medical conditions. Types of Pressure Pressure can be measured using various methods. Common types include absolute pressure, gauge pressure, and differential pressure. Absolute pressure measures pressure relative to a perfect vacuum, while gauge pressure measures relative to atmospheric pressure. Differential pressure is the difference between two pressures, useful in flow measurement and level detection. Each type serves specific industrial and scientific purposes.

3. There are 3  types of pressure  which are mentioned below. 

4. Absolute pressure  It is defined as a pressure that is measured with reference to the absolute zero or complete vacuum pressure. The  absolute pressure formula  is given by  Pabsolute = Patmospheric + Pgauge Pabsolute = Patmospheric+Pgauge Gauge pressure  It is defined as a pressure that is measured with the help of pressure-measuring instruments in which the atmospheric pressure is that the atmospheric pressure on the datum. The atmospheric pressure on the scale is marked as 0. Vacuum pressure  It is defined as the pressure below the atmospheric pressure, the relationship between the absolute pressure, gauge pressure Differential pressure Differential pressure refers to the difference in pressure between two points in a fluid system, indicating the pressure drop or variation across that system.

5. Units of Pressure Pressure can be measured and expressed in various units, depending on the system of measurement being used. Here are some commonly used  units for pressure : Pascal (Pa):  The Pascal is the S.I. unit of pressure. It is defined as one Newton per square meter (N/m²). It is named after the French mathematician and physicist Blaise Pascal. Atmosphere (atm):  The atmosphere is a unit of pressure commonly used in meteorology and everyday contexts. One atmosphere is approximately equal to the average atmospheric pressure at sea level, which is approximately 101,325 pascals. Bar (bar):  The bar is a unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals. It is commonly used in industrial and technical applications. Pound per Square Inch (psi):  The pound per square inch is a unit of pressure commonly used in engineering and industry. It represents the pressure exerted by a pound-force on a square-inch area. One psi is approximately equal to 6,894.76 pascals.

6. Pressure Measurement Methods Pressure measurement is the process of determining the pressure exerted by a fluid or gas. Accurate pressure measurement is essential in various applications, including industrial processes, environmental monitoring, and engineering systems. Several methods are commonly used for pressure measurement, including: Manometers Mechanical pressure gauges We will study about them in detail. Manometers Manometers  are simple devices that measure pressure by balancing it against a column of liquid, typically mercury or water. The height of the liquid column in the manometer is directly proportional to the pressure being measured. These are classified as follows- Simple manometer Differential manometer

7. Torr:  The Torr is a unit of pressure often used in vacuum measurements. It is named after the Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli, who invented the mercury barometer. One Torr is equal to 1/760th of an atmosphere or approximately 133.322 pascals. Millimeter of Mercury (mmHg):  The millimetre of mercury is a unit of pressure commonly used in medical and scientific applications, particularly in measuring blood pressure. It represents the height of a mercury column in a barometer. One mmHg is approximately equal to 133.322 pascals.

8. Type of Simple Manometer There are several types of simple manometers commonly used for pressure measurement. Piezometer A piezometer is the simplest form of a manometer used to measure gauge pressure. It consists of a glass tube with one end connected to the point where pressure is to be measured while the other end is open to the atmosphere. The rise of liquid in the tube indicates the pressure at that  Point.

9. Single- ColumnManometer A single-column manometer is a modified version of the U-tube manometer. It includes a shallow reservoir with a larger cross-sectional area compared to the tube. One end of the reservoir is connected to one of the limbs, while the other limb may be vertical or inclined. The changes in liquid level in the reservoir are negligible, allowing direct measurement of pressure based on the height of the liquid in the other limb.