Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in hypothyroid patients

Preventive and social medicine quantitative research study

1. PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY PRESENTATION BY :- BATCH-E 2021 M01021101 - 127

2. INTRODUCTION :- Thyroid diseases are common in India. It has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases MECHANISMS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM 2 CAUSES *TH – THYROID HORMONE, TRH – THYROID RELEASING HORMONE , TSH – THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE

3. In today’s world, most people are overburdened with depression, anxiety and stress as they have stressful jobs, relationships, financial and many issues. Depression:– It’s a mood disorder causing severe symptoms that affect how a person feels, thinks, handles daily activities. Anxiety:- It’s a mood state that consists of complex cognitive, affective, physiological and behavioural response system associated with preparation for the anticipated events or circumstances perceived as threatening. Stress:- A state of worry or mental tension caused by a difficult situation. It’s a natural human response that prompts us to address challenges and threats in our life.

4. There is a significant evidence that association between TSH levels and cortisol suggests the possibility of a path through which hypothyroidism may promote poor mental health. Hypothyroidism is considered a cause of or a strong risk factor for depression, anxiety and stress, but recent studies provide conflicting evidence regarding the existence of the association. This study aims to address the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in hypothyroid patients by using the DASS 21

5. OBJECTIVES :- To measure the levels of depression, anxiety and stress in hypothyroid patients. To investigate any association between demographic factors (age , gender) and emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress ) among hypothyroid patients.

6. METHODOLOGY :- Study design: A descriptive Cross-Sectional study Study Area: Tertiary Care Centre Study Duration: 2 days Study Participants: Hypothyroid Patients above 18 years attending Tertiary Care Centre Sampling method : Convinient sampling

7. STUDY POPULATION:- SAMPLE SIZE :- Considering the prevalence of depression in hypothyroid patients as 18.1% from a study done in US, hence the sample size is 227 (rounded off to 283). INCLUSION CRITERIA:- Patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism and who are above 18 years of age attending tertiary health care centre EXCLUSION CRITERIA:- Patients who are on anti-psychotics Patients who have severe cognitive impairment z 2 x p x q ————- d 2 n=

8. DATA ANALYSIS:- The data collected is kept confidential and used only for this research. All the responses were collected and stored in as Microsoft excel document after cleaning and analysing Qualitative variables:- Quantitative variables:- For all analyses statistical significance was considered if the p- value is < 0.05.