Prevention of hospital acquired infections.pptx

Prevention of hospital-acquired infections

1. Prevention of hospital acquired infections Rudrarpan Chatterjee Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology

2. Scope of the talk Epidemiology of hospital acquired infections Common sense approaches to mitigate them

3. Dramatis personae Staphylococcus aureus

4. Contamination rates of hands of healthcare workers Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Oct;17(4):863-93

5. Are your hands clean enough? N=67 (Nurses, surgical ICU), 282 samplings: Randomized to hand rub/ medicated wife/hand wash Hand rub: At least as good as a hand wash! Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Jun 1;36(11):1383-90. 

6. Hand wash or hand rub? BMJ. 2002 Aug 17;325(7360):362.

7. Different ways to skin a cat Contact time: 3-10 mins Contact time: 30s-1 min

8. Hand hygiene

9. The impact of hand hygiene on infection prevention Emerging Infectious Diseases . 2016;22(9):1628-1630.

10. Prevention What helps: Hand hygiene Bare below the elbow Good nursing care Respiratory hygiene ( masks ) Avoid unnecessary catheters Avoid unnecessary antibiotics

11. Factors associated with microbial load on hands Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Jun 1;36(11):1383-90. 

12. Prevention of catheter associated bloodstream infections Am J Infect Control. 2014 May;42(5):574-6. 

13. Barriers to infection Protects you: Gloves Surgical gown Protective goggles Masks Protects the patient: Hand hygiene Masks Appropriate antibiotic use

14. Prevention What helps: Hand hygiene Bare below the elbow Good nursing care Respiratory hygiene ( masks ) Avoid unnecessary catheters Avoid unnecessary antibiotics

15. Problems of antibiotic misuse Ann Intern Med. 2023 Apr;176(4):489-495. Candida auris : resistant to multiple anti- fungals

16. What does not help? Foot covers? White coats?

17. Foot covers: myths and pseudoscience Phase 1: Wearing foot covers Phase 2: Without foot covers Floor bacterial counts Air bacterial counts

18. Full sleeve coats and infection Am J Infect Control. 2009 March ; 37(2): 101–105.

19. Take home messages Common sense prevents infection in the hospital Hand hygiene is the most effective method to prevent infections Alcohol rubs, chlorhexidine equally efficacious as povidone iodine Do not abuse antibiotics