Prevention of infection in nicu

THIS PRESENTATION CONTAINS HOW TO TAKE CARE OF NEWBORNS AND WHAT SHOULD HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL'S DO FOR PREVENTION OF INFECTION IN NEWBORNS.......

1. PREVENTIN OF INFECTIONS IN NICU MR.SACHIN T.GADADE M.SC (N) PEDS.

2. Why Neonates ? Low birth weight Prematurity, Congenital malformations, Prolonged hospital stay, Frequent invasive procedures, TPN Incomplete immunity.

3. Delayed enteral feeding. Formula feeding. Inadequate nursing staff/Over crowding Lapses in hand washing.

4. Common sources

5. Common Infections Central line associated Blood stream infection (CLABSI) Pneumonia Neonatal sepsis Device-Associated Infections

6. What happens Longer hospital stay Higher treatment costs Neuro developmental impairment

7. Location Away from overcrowded places As close as the labor rooms and obstetric operation theater .

8. HAND HYGIENE

9. VISITORS Respiratory Infections Gowning Hand wash

10. PROCEDURE

11. SKIN CARE

12. ISOLATION PROCEDURE Contact isolation for infected neonates . Placed in a separate room and gown,mask,cap and gloves to be used. Gown and gloves to be removed before the exit.

13. STAFFING

14. INFECTION CONTROL As per the hospital policy. Changing of tubes . Cleaning of floor 3 times in a day. Separate articles for neonates.

15. ANTIBIOTICS Limited use of antibiotics. Culture and sensitivity. More use cause resistance.

16. Catheter related practices Aseptic technique for insertion & Care Date & Time of insertion, Dressing ,removal should be entered in a standardized form. Use semipermiable /transparent dressing to cover the site. Cleaning of injection port with 70% alcohol. Promptly remove any cath which is no longer essential.

17. Gowning Routine use does not help in decreasing nosocomial infection rate. Should be used in specific condition in which the risk of contamination is high. When the infant is being held.

18. Fumigation No additional benefit, if excellent house keeping and asepsis . Mostly done routinely. During endemic Low occupancy

19. General Housekeeping Cleaning should be followed in Patient areas ,accessory areas then adjacent areas . Dry dusting to be avoided. Sink to be cleaned with detergent at least once in a day. Cabinet, counters should be cleaned at least once

20. Waste Management Segregation of waste Washing of Dustbins Daily Emptying the dustbin Blood spills should be removed immediately.

21. VAP

22. Oral Care NIV Slight elevation of head Sterile suctioning Changing of tube as per the policies

23. Detecting Environmental reservoirs Cultures of Environmental specimens Tap water sink drains Liquid medications respiratory therapy equipments Hand soaps& Hand creams Water bath used to warm formula

24. Dry & Moist environmental surface were swabbed with a cotton swab. Hand swabs from health care workers. It should be processed within 1 hour

25. Breast Milk Prevents respiratory infections. Infections causes diarrhea Breast milk contains micronutrients which helps in prevention of infections. Lactoferin contains antimicrobial immune building effects.

26. Summary Each unit has a baseline rate of infection due to inherent modifiable risk factors. Effective strategy focus on modifiable risk factors. Strategic nursery design: space ,sinks, soaps etc. Adequate staffing

27. Hand hygiene compliance Minimization of catheter days Sterile preparation of all fluids to be administered. Promote enteral feeding especially with EBM/BF Monitoring /surveillance of nosocomial infection. Education and frequent feed back from staff

28. THERE FUTURE IS IN OUR HANDS

29. THANK YOU