process control system

This presentation gives an overview of how process control system works.

1. SHRI RAMDEOBABA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

2. PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM

3. WHAT IS PROCESS? WHAT IS CONTROL? TYPES OF PROCESS BASICS OF PROCESS CONTROL PROCESS VARIABLE PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM TYPES OF PCS APPLICATION OF PCS WHAT IS PROCESS? WHAT IS CONTROL? TYPES OF PROCESS PROCESS CONTROL PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM(PCS) PROCESS VARIABLES COMPONENTS OF PCS PRIMARY DEVICES OF PCS TYPES OF PCS APPLICATION FUTURE SCOPE CONCLUSION REFERENCES

4. WHAT IS PROCESS? A sequence of interdependent and linked procedures At every stage it consume one or more type of resources (employee time, energy, machines, money etc.) into outputs These outputs then serve as inputs for the next stage until a known goal or end result is reached

5. What is control? Control in process industries refers to the regulation of all aspects of the process.

6. TYPES OF PROCESS CONTINUOUS PROCESS BATCH PRODUCTION INDIVIDUAL OR DISCRETE PRODUCTS PRODUCTION

7. TYPES OF PROCESSES 1.Continuous process- process itself runs continuously and uninterrupted in time . Example: Production of chemicals, plastics 2.Batch process- operation is performed on the batch to produce a finished product . Example: Production of adhesive and glues 3.Individual or discrete process- a series of operations produces a useful output product. Example: involves the production of discrete pieces of product such as metal stamping.

8. PROCESS CONTROL A n engineering discipline that deals with architectures, mechanism and algorithms for maintaining the output of a specific process within a desired range’s extensively used in industry enables mass production of consistent products from continuously operated processes such as oil refining, paper manufacturing etc. enables automation by which a small staff of operating personnel can operate a complex process from a central control room .

9. WHY???? Manufacturers control the production process for three reasons: a) Reduce variability b) Increase efficiency c) Ensure safety

10. Process control system A process control system an be defined as the functions and operations necessary to change material either physically or chemically . Process control normally refers to the manufacturing or processing of products in industry.

11. PROCESS VARIABLES A condition of the process fluid (a liquid or gas) that can change the manufacturing process in some way. Common process variables include: Pressure Flow Level Temperature Density Liquid interface Mass Conductivity

12. Components of process control system Operator-machine interface operator External sensors Process sensors Input signal condi - tioning controller Output Signal Condi- tioning ff Controlled process External actuators Process actuators computer

13. Programmable logic control Distributed control syste m

14. PRIMARY DEVICES OF PCS- 1.Programmable C ontrol Logic B est for controlling machines with several discrete devices such as motor starters, limit switches, etc Uses a programmable memory to store instructions and execute specific functions that include on/off control, timing, counting, sequencing, etc It is equipped with special input/output interfaces and a control programming language.

15. 2. DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM C entral control systems which are good at controlling analog devices. In this control elements are distributed throughout the system. A hierarchy of controllers is connected by communications networks for command and monitoring. D edicated systems used to control manufacturing processes that are continuous or batch-oriented such as oil refining, petrochemicals, central station power generation, fertilizers etc.

16. 1. open-loop control system 2. closed loop control system TYPES OF PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM

17. 1.Open loop system A control action is applied on the output of the system I t does not receive any feedback signal to control or alter the output status Set Point - Controller - Actuators - Process - Disturbance -

18. 2.Closed loop system the output of the process affects the input control signal . The system measures the actual output of the process and compares it to the desired output . Comparator- Error Amplifier Controller - Output attenuator - Sensor Feedback -

19. APPLICATIONS OF PCS Food Production Telecommunication and IT sector Car wheel manufacturing process Waste water treatment Continuous filling operation

20. WATER BOTTLE PLANT

21. Future scope Improved process modelling technique, more capable performance monitoring tools will produce the “next” generation of PCS with greater economic benefits and improved reliability. M any automation projects will be implemented within the so called SMART CITY. In transportation, buildings, and health care will have closer proximity to process control system.

22. CONCLUSION PCS leads to automation in various fields of industry. It also provides more reliability and improvement in product. Lots of work can be done in single minute of time which reduces more time required for that work . It enables manufacturers to keep their operations running within specified limits and to set more precise limits to maximize profitability, ensure quality and safety.

23. REFERENCES www.electroniceforyou.com www.http.//.nibusinessinfo.com www.IEEE.org www.wikipedia.org

24. Presented by- Renuka Deshkar Kanchan Sahu Kanchan Sontakke Pranali Wankhede