Production of glutamic acid

Production of glutamic acid

1. PRODUCTION OF Glutamic Acid By Dr. Vijay Sharma 1 Pharma Knowledge

2. What is an Glutamic Acid ? Glutamic acid  is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins . It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it. It is also an excitatory neurotransmitter, in fact the most abundant one, in the vertebrate nervous system. It serves as the precursor for the synthesis of the inhibitory gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) in GABA- ergic neurons.

3. Glutamate also plays an important role in the body's disposal of excess or waste nitrogen . Glutamate is a key compound in cellular metabolism. Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system. Glutamate also serves as the precursor for the synthesis of the inhibitory gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) in GABA- ergic neurons.  Glutamic acid often is used as a food additive and flavor enhancer in the form of its sodium salt, known as monosodium glutamate (MSG ). Auxigro  is a plant growth preparation that contains 30% glutamic acid. functions

4. Industrial Production Glutamic acid is produced on the largest scale of any amino acid, with an estimated annual production of about 1.5 million tons in 2006 . In 1950, Chemically synthesize by the aerobic fermentation of sugars and ammonia in the 1950s, with Corynebacterium glutamicum  (also known as  Brevibacterium flavum ). Isolation and purification can be achieved by concentration and  crystallization .

5. Production of Glutamic acid Inoculum Corynebacteriumspp . C . glutamicum ( prefered ) ; C. lilum Brevibacterium spp. B . divericartum : B. alanicum Microbacterium spp. M . flavumvar . glutamicum Arthrobacter spp. A . globiformis ; A. aminofaciens

6. Media Glucose (carbon source), ammonium acetate (nitrogen source), Corn steep liquor, Enzymatic casein hydrolysate , Dipotassium phosphate, Mag. Sulphate , water and urea. Bio parameters pH : near 7.8 Temperature: 3 8°C Aeration: a continuous stream of sterilized air is pumped into it. Agitation: achieved by turbine type impellers for constant agitation. Time period 2 -4 days Production of Glutamic acid

7. Industrial fermentation process is carried out in three different ways as: Batch fermentation Fed batch fermentation The fermentation process completes within 2-4 days. In the end of fermentation process, the broth contains glutamic acid in the form of its ammonia salt. Production of Citric acid

8. Recovery In down stream process , the bacterial cells are separated and broth is passed through a basic anion exchanger. Glutamic acid anions get bound to the resin and ammonia is released. This ammonia can be reused in fermentation. Glutamic acid is crystallized and dried to store. Production of Citric acid

9. Thank you all 9 References * https :// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid *Pharmaceutical Biotecnology , Vyas and dixit *Biotechnology by Ashutoshkar