Production Technology of Gladiolus

Production Technology of Gladiolus plant with detailed description.

1. Submitted By - ABHINANDAN KUMAR B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture 3 rd / VI 1804301004 Submitted To - MR. ANJIL PANWAR Assistant Professor Dept. of Agriculture Quantum University, Roorkee “ PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF GLADIOLUS ” PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR ORNAMENTAL CROPS, MAP & LANDSCAPING

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION VARIETIES PROPAGATION PLANTING MANURES & FERTILIZERS PLANT PROTECTION PESTS DISEASES BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION SOIL & CLIMATE FIELD PREPARATION IRRIGATION HARVESTING YIELD

3. INTRODUCTION Also called ‘ SWORD LILY ’ . Classic perennial herbaceous plant. K nown for its tall flower spikes and large, colorful blooms. Important commercial cut flower. I deal for bedding. Used for flower arrangement in bouquets, for decorations.

4. BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION Botanical Name – Gladiolus spp. Family – Iridaceae Chromosome No. – 2n=2x=30 Origin – South Africa The genus ‘ Gladiolus ’ contains about 300 different species.

5. varieties Tropic Sea White Prosperity Priscilla Summer Sunshine Jackson Ville Gold KKL 1 Archana Basant Bahar Indrani Kalima Kohra Aarti Arka Kesar Darshan Dhiraj Agnirekha Archana Bindiya Shree Ganesh Pusa Unnati Pusa Kiran Pusa Sarang Pusa Srijaan Pusa Manmohak Pusa Subham Pusa Suhagin Pusa Swarnima Pusa Red Valentine

6. SOIL & CLIMATE Well-drained, sandy loam, rich in organic matter. Ideal pH is 6.0 - 7.0. Sensitive to alkaline and degraded soils. Sub-tropical and temperate climates are suitable. Ideal temperature range is 27 °C - 30 °C. Requires full exposure to sunlight. Requires long day conditions of 12-14 hrs photoperiod.

7. PROPAGATION By seeds. By vegetative means (Corms & Cormels ). By micropropagation. Commercially through Corms . For breaking corm dormancy; Cold storage of corms at 3-7 °C for 3 months. Treatment with Ethereal (1000 ppm) or GA3 (100 ppm) or Thiourea (500 ppm).

8. FIELD PREPARATION Ploughed until fine tilth is attained. Couple of cross harrowings . Levelling is done. Water stagnation is avoided. Uniform beds of size 6m x 2m are prepared.

9. PLANTING In October for Plains. In March-April for Hills. By Ridges & Furrow System. Corms are planted at depth of 5 cm. Spacing of 40 cm x 25 cm (88,888 plants/ha) or 25 cm x 25 cm (1,60,000 plants/ha).

10. IRRIGATION At 7-10 day intervals in Sandy soils. Less frequently intervals in Heavy soils. Stopped at least 4-6 weeks before lifting of corms.

11. MANURES & FERTILIZERS BASAL – Nitrogen – 60 kg/ha Phosphorus – 150 kg/ha Potassium – 150 kg/ha TOP-DRESSING – Nitrogen in two split doses; 30 kg/ha at 4 leaf stage as foliar spray. 30 kg/ha during bud stage as soil application.

12. PLANT PROTECTION ( PESTS ) THRIPS – Spray Dimethoate 30EC or Malathion 50EC @ 2 ml/l of water. SEMI-LOOPER – Spray Methyl Demeton 25EC or Monocrotophos or Dimethoate 30EC @ 2 ml/l of water.

13. PLANT PROTECTION ( DISEASES ) LEAF SPOT – Foliar spray of Carbendazim @ 1 g/l or Mancozeb @ 2 g/l of water. SPONGY ROT – Foliar application of Benomyl @ 1 kg/ha .

14. HARVESTING Takes 110 – 120 days to produce spikes. While harvesting, at least four basal leaves are retained on the plant for the proper growth of corms and cormels .

15. YIELD 2.0 – 2.5 lakh flower stalks/ha/crop.

16. REFERENCES https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/horti_flower%20crops_gladioli.html THANK YOU