Productivity improvement techniques

This presentation holds 15 Productivity improvement techniques required for effective management of employees and the organization as such, holds few slides for individual productivity improvement too for personal productivity. this ppt is prepared for Project planning and Implementation subject.

1. Productivity improvement technique’s. MEERA MADHUSUDHAN (35) NOEL K RAJ (38) PRATHIEK RAJ T (39) MTech – SECM 2020-22. 1

2. Promote, encourage a person or a group. Attract & retain customers. “PAY FOR PERFORMANCE”. To increase overall performance. Reduce Employee “Turn-over”. # 27% companies follow this. Increase Customer retention rate. @ 5% retention profit is at 25 to 125 %. Existing customers are easy to reach, costs less to sell, less vulnerable from competition, Buy more over in a long term. INCENTIVES EMPLOYEE CONSUMER 2

3. Redeem points for reward. Given for both employee & Consumer. #BASED ON Employee behavior Organization values Repeated consumer purchase Sales of a new product Increase in overall sales #LOYALTY PROGRAMS Retain customers. If they exhibited a behavior they get rewarded with points. POINTS PROGRAM 3

4. Pays as gifts or cash. After completing a given task through years. Sponsored to be advertised. Companies collect data of consumers from them. With the data they target their customers. Poor motivation factor as it lacks “TROPHY VALUE”. Forgotten as it is used in a daily basis. Creates a little or no interest at all. Considered only as short term purpose only. INCENTIVE WEBSITES MONETRY REWARDS 4

5. Increased performance in long term. Branded merchandise & other non cash rewards have high “TROPHY VALUE”. Prepaid retail cards redeemed after a period of time. By Universal Gift Card issued by major credit card brands. Retailer specified cards. # Gift cards ranked as most frequently used type of corporate reward. Small branded keychain to high end product. Center for concept development suggest @ 73%. More simulating, memorable in long run. Over cash rewards. Non-CASH REWARDS GIFT CARDS MERCHANDISE 5

6. Eliminates mundane tasks & free up employee time. Increase worker efficiency. Streamlines warehouse efficiency. Significantly increased human work force. Chat bot & CCaaS software. Makes satisfactory work and collects data for future development. Scheduling automatic social media post. Allows companies to compete irrespective of size in promotional activities. Free’s up marketing personal to focus on customer acquisition and creating quality contents. AUTOMATION Customer care Marketing 6

7. Scientific analysis and work improvement. A basic technique. In plant layout, material handling system, process design, standardization, working conditions etc. Minimizes defective work and wastage. To analyze work order to achieve work simplification. Optimum utilization of resources. Evaluate work contents through measurements. Time standards for job types. WORK STUDY AIMS 7

8. Increased efficiency. Better quality product. Fastest method for max efficiency. State in art work process. Fatigue less environment for employees. Good knowledge on study technique. Well qualified and sufficiently trained. Mentally alert and clear mind. Experience. Leadership capabilities. Convincing abilities. Objectives Quality of WS man 8

9. Scientific planning ensures timely inputs, proper maintenance, efficient work, work scheduling etc., Planning of production & control of production. Max capacity with targeted production. Handling activities pre-production. Such as material planning, capacity planning, operations scheduling. Production control – oversees and ensures production team meets target & operates as scheduled. PRODUCTION, PLANNING & CONTROL 9

10. Discover better techniques and improvement in production, machines & employees. Rate of technological progress is a direct determinant of productivity. High effective market strategies on new product release or new features on existing products. Innovative products increases market shares. Innovation through research can reduce cost with efficient production process or products. R&D keeps a company follow or stay ahead of market trends and keep the company relevant. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 10

11. Helps in developing mutual understanding and cooperation between management and labor. Workers’ participation in management enthuse high morale which can be utilized for increasing production. Workers’ participation in management has a positive impact on the behaviour of the workers. The positive behaviour such as high morale, self motivation, increased efficiency and thus productivity also increases. Joint consultation, suggestion schemes, two way communication, representation on Board of Directors and grievance procedure are the main forms of workers participation in management. WORKER’S PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT 11

12. Deviate from 9-5 work, still work for the stipulated hours. Flexible work time with core hours. Adopts 9/80 hours instead 10/80. Gets a day off. Avg person works 1.4 days extra in a month ( Airtasker ) Different people efficient in different parts of the day. Reduced burnout up to 22%. Time flexibility in personal life increases efficiency in professional life. Makes employee happy improved productivity by 12%. Yet 34% lack work-life balance in WFH. Prefer 9-5 over WFH. FLEXITIME 12

13. Reduced absenteeism with better health conditions. Attract and retain top talents. 80 % prefer flextime jobs over others. Improves diversity and inclusions, as one may have disability or caring responsibility. Increased job satisfaction, energy and creativity. Scheduling meetings and communication becomes hard. Increased working hour , blurs boundaries b/w work and life. Unsuitable for certain job roles. Client handling and customer facing requires strictly timed. Advantage Disadvantage 13

14. Enables all level members in shaping org environment, methods and outcomes. A value based process. Enhanced effectiveness of the org & improved quality of life at work. Co-operative rather authoritative. Interpersonal rather mechanistic. Evolutionary and changing rather static. Problem solving. Open rather rigid. Win-Win rather Win-lose. Informal rather rule based. Based on mutual respect. QUALITY WORK LIFE Process to QWL 14

15. Appreciation for the work done. Ample opportunity to grow. Friendly and cooperative environment. Org to be a second home. Org culture Org values. Company reputation. Quality of people in org. Employee development and career growth Risk taking. Leading technologies Trust Flexible hours. Telecommuting. Dependent care. Alternate work schedules. Vacation and wellness. Org. Environment QWL includes 15

16. A process whereby the superior and subordinates jointly identify the specific measurable goals, define results expected of each individual and jointly assess the contribution of every individual. Integrates individuals with in the organization. Goal setting, joint evaluation of performance & results. “Management by Results”. Links org. goals and individual target to measure employee’s contribution. Subordinate’s involvement in goal setting, action plans, performance review provides a good measure of self control. Results in improvement understanding, motivation & individual’s morale . Demands education and training of subordinates with manager’s democratic leadership. MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES 16

17. Critical path activities are crucial in project time. Records lengthy construction process for subsequent analysis. Recording and analyzing for delays and time wasted is one better way of improving productivity. Recorded and collected as a video data. TIME LAPSE FILM ANALYSIS 17

18. Process of redesigning a job in order to enlarge its scope and to give the worker more to do Purpose - to improve job satisfaction, motivation and morale of workers When the job is engineered to workers the dehumanization element is reduced so as to improve productivity and to reduce costs JOB ENRICHMENT 18

19. In the early days of 1914, the Ford Motor Company had captured 48% of the automobile market Ford and Taylor applied an engineering approach to work by chunking a complex process like building a car into simple tasks that are then executed by workers specialized in just that one task Even though the workers in the Ford factory were highly productive, they were bored out of their minds In 1959, Frederick Herzberg proposed that some job factors result in satisfaction called as motivators In the motivational approach, jobs are created to satisfy an employee and their needs The motivational approach provides people with autonomy, responsibility, the ability to do a job from start to finish, and performance feedback A BRIEF HISTORY ON JOB ENRICHMENT 19

20. Improves and enhances the basis relation between the person and his work Attempts to change one’s behaviour positively while maintaining the change Helps to convert monotonous work into a source of motivation Job enrichment enables the employees and the organization to be more flexible Enables the employees to be more committed to their organization Enables the organization to get more competitive advantage from its employees MERITS OF JOB ENRICHMENT 20

21. Small group of people who regularly meet to discuss problems, investigate courses, recommend solutions and if authorized to take corrective actions . Consist of 5 to 15 members who collectively identify, analyze and resolve work related problems and may even implement solutions . A leader is appointed to direct and guide the circle. A facilitator makes integration of program easier at all levels . The coordinator supervises the facilitators and directs administration of the program. There is a steering committee which oversees and direct the efforts of all circles in the organization. QUALITY CIRCLE 21

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23. Running multiple activities parallelly. Reduces time but requires more labor, resources to be successful. Influences overall working as resources are to be distributed to several tasks. Works only for “HARD DEPENDENCIES”. Allocate additional resources to complete fast. Recommended for activities with high float. Not recommended for emergencies as it impact activities outside critical path. CPM FOR PRODUCTIVITY Fast-tracking Crashing 23

24. Addresses dynamic nature of the work. Like work executed in field, continually evaluating dependencies & constraints. Keeps the flow smooth. Plans in detail to ensure crews get their needs, safety, quality, productivity, cost & other factors before work begins. Breaks work package by milestone. Identify & lists task for next level. Logical sequence for concurrent task. Assign resources for each task. Compares plan to master schedule & Makes adjustments as required. Estimates. SHORT INTERVAL SCHEDULING The 6 steps to success 24

25. TIME & MOTION STUDY Time study Involves observation and recording of the time taken in performing a particular task To identify the standard time required to perform a task. Increase in productivity of labor Motion study Involves the observation of the movement of men, machine, materials and supplies To reduce wastage of time and energy in unnecessary movements Minimization of movement of workers 25

26. A thermocole manufacturing plant is considered and analyzed. After analyzing the plant it was found that there was delay between tasks. The delay between the tasks affecting the production and causing low productivity rate. In order to improve productivity time study and motion study were found to be effective. After analysis and calculation of the time study and method study data it was found that there were no proper standards maintained and followed in the premises, the tasks were not evenly distributed between the workers, the space was not properly utilized, there were lack of safety measures, lack of performance standards, improper communication, unnecessary wastage of time. After successfully analyzing, proper time standards were considered in the industry which increased the production rate by 48 pieces extra per month in one machine. CASE STUDY. 26

27. IMPROVING PERSONAL PRODUCTIVITY 27

28. Getting Things Done(GTD) 28

29. THE EISENHOWER MATRIX 29

30. Ivy LEE METHOD 30

31. THE POMODORO TECHNIQUE 31

32. REFERENCES “Productivity Improvement by Time Study and Motion Study” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 07 Issue: 03. https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/human-resource-management/job-enrichment/32240 . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incentive_program . https://www.integromat.com/en/blog/does-automation-increase-productivity . https://www.faistgroup.com/news/industrial-automation-productivity-growth/ . https://hubblehq.com/blog/flexible-work-hours-productivity . https://todoist.com/productivity-methods/getting-things-done . https://todoist.com/productivity-methods/pomodoro-technique . https://todoist.com/productivity-methods/eisenhower-matrix . https://www.meldium.com/critical-path-method-for-productivity/ 32

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