PROJECT AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT.pptx

Module 1 detail notes on pcm

1. PROJECT AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT SUB CODE: 18ARC 8.6

2. What is a Project? According to APMBOK (Association for Project Management Body of Knowledge), Projects are unique, transient endeavours undertaken to achieve a desired outcome. A Project  is a series of tasks that need to be completed in order to reach a specific outcome. A  Project  can also be defined as a set of inputs and outputs required to achieve a particular goal. Projects  are often described and delegated by a manager or executive.

3. What is Project Management? Project management is the process by which projects are defined, planned, monitored, controlled and delivered such that the agreed benefits are realised. Projects bring about change and project management is recognised as the most efficient way of managing such a change.

4. What is Organisation? A  project organization  is a  structure  that facilitates the coordination and implementation of  project  activities. Its main reason is to create an environment that fosters interactions among the team members with a minimum amount of disruptions, overlaps and conflict.

5. Benefits of Project Management To help in understanding the need, problem or opportunity that the project will address. To balance the competing demands. To Clearly understand project scope and problem statement. Identification of project risks with documented strategies. Consistent method for monitoring and controlling project deliverables and milestones. Improved communication among project team, executive sponsor, leadership and stakeholders. Ability to measure project performance. Early Identification of potential problems. Understanding of impact to timeline and critical path when deliverables are changed.

6. A background of Construction Industry Construction industry is the largest industry in the world. It consumes a wide employment circle of labour. It exhibits costs overruns, time extension, and conflicts among parties. Intricate and time consuming undertakings. During the construction process itself, work will involve many skills, materials and hundreds of operations.

7. Cost overruns It is also known as a cost increase, underrated or budget overrun, involves unexpected costs incurred in excess of budgeted amounts due to an underestimation of the actual cost during budgeting.

8. Challenges of construction Industry Its unique nature and every project is one of a kind. Many conflicting parties are involved. Project is constrained by time, money and quality. High risk

9. Characteristics of construction Industry A defined goal or objective. Specific task to be performed. A defined beginning and end. Resources being consumed

10. Need for Project Management in Construction Industry Construction projects have a continuous need for alterations and in that sense project management is key to the stability of the whole procedure. Project management is the basis on which every construction project is founded. It helps in planning, coordinating, budgeting and supervising  projects  from the beginning to the end. It helps put together the budget and negotiate cost estimates.

11. Construction Project Participants Architects Engineers Building tradesman Sub contractors Material dealers Inherent components Subsoil conditions Surface topography Weather Transportation Material supply Labour conditions Technology

12. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Project Objective and Goals The first principle of project management is understanding your objective. Determining what you intend to accomplish will help you develop your overall project structure moving forward. This key concept of project management helps ensure everyone is on the same page and there’s a clear focus and direction for your project before it begins. Budgeting Once you determine your project objective and goals, you’ll begin planning how to accomplish your mission. One of those big constraints is your budget . The budget will play a major role in your overall project scope, so this principle of project management should not be ignored or overlooked.

13. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Scheduling and Estimating Another constraint that you’ll need to consider is time, so it’s important to develop a comprehensive calendar and work estimate for your project. your schedule should focus on when the activities will be done, not when they must be done. Therefore, factors such as holidays, vacations, bandhs, and prior project commitments are to be considered. Developing a detailed schedule can help you realize the actual man hours you’ll have at your disposal, and maybe the difference in scope between a fully designed solution or just a minimum viable product. This fundamental principle of project management is essential to ensure you’re not overcommitting your team to complete tasks in an unrealistic timeframe that are vital to your project.

14. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Define Team Responsibilities The next principle of project management is to define individual responsibilities among your team. Creating a  checklist of responsibilities , whether in a project management software, excel file, or Gantt Chart, is essential for this practice. Mapping out tasks provides a comprehensive view of the smaller things that need to be accomplished and in what order for you to complete your project. This is a vital step because by outlining everyone’s roles, you’ll begin to see which deliverables need to be ready in order for certain members to begin their work, and you’ll identify potential blockers and constraints now rather than in the middle of your project. Proactively solving these potential problems may involve changing your schedule or shifting prioritizes depending on the bandwidth of your team members.

15. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Define Milestones Milestones help signify the completion of a specific portion of your project. In addition to providing a transparent way to track progress, milestones can help increase team morale by calling out team member achievements. This is extremely beneficial during long, complex, or difficult projects.

16. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Manage Changing Priorities and Business Goals While the project is underway, one of the biggest disruptions you may face is changing priorities or business goals. The best way to master this project management principle is remaining flexible and ready to change your project management plan when something unexpected happens. This could come from an unexpected budget cut, a new direction from the executive team, or urgent request that drains some of your team’s bandwidth. To minimize the impact on the work in progress, you and your team will need to be ready to adapt in order to keep your overall project on track.

17. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Accountability and Responsibility This principle of project management is important both for you as the project manager and each member of the team. While the project manager will have a  specific skill set  to keep the team on task, all members of the team also need to hold themselves and each other accountable for the work they need to accomplish. One of the best ways to be successful in this practice is through constant communication. Team members will need to communicate with each other about what they need and when they need it. Project managers will need to communicate with stakeholders to provide necessary updates on the status of projects, and they’ll also need to relay any information or feedback back to their teams so there are no surprises.

18. Principles and Objectives of Project Management Retrospect and Measure Success A project management team is like a machine. If there are kinks or faults in the process, then the machine will not run as effectively. For this reason, retrospectives are an important principle of project management that should not be ignored. In order to determine what went well and what needs improvement, you and your team need to review your project after it’s completed and discuss the areas of success and areas that need work. You’ll then need to take this information and apply it to your next project to consistently improve your process. In addition, you should calculate the  return on investment  (ROI) of the projects you complete. In simple terms, if the cost of investment was higher than the return from the project, it was not successful. By understanding which projects are successful and which are failures, you can make changes to upcoming initiatives to increase future success.

19. The Project Management Process The project management process provides the single point of integrative responsibility. It achieves this by defining the required inputs and outputs while taking into account all relevant constraints and mechanisms.

20. The Project Management Process

21. Types of Construction Projects Residential These projects include townhouses, houses, condominiums, apartments, cottages and single-unit dwellings. Commercial Institutional Industrial Infrastructure

22. Knowledge Areas in Project Management The knowledge areas are the core technical subject matter, which are necessary for effective project management. Project Integration Management Project Scope Management Project Time Management Project Cost Management Project Quality Management Project Human Resource Management Project Communications Management Project Stake Holder Management Project Safety Management Project Procurement Management Project Risk Management

23. Project Integration Management It includes such fundamental plans as developing a project charter that is created during the initiation phase. This is the document that sets up the project and assigns the project manager.

24. Project Scope Management Scope relates to the work of the project.  So, that includes plan scope management, which is part of the project management plan. It also is when a detailed requirement for the final product or service is collected.

25. Project Time Management Project time management is, no surprise, time consuming. The project is divided into tasks, which are scheduled with start dates and deadlines, as well as budgets for each task. And things are constantly changing over the phases of any project, which means revising these things often. This involves plan schedule management, which involves creating a schedule for the project and determining who is responsible for what. That means defining activities, which is not the same as making a WBS, but similar. So, you create a task list that touches on every aspect of the project.

26. Project Cost Management This area involves the project budget, which means having good estimating tools to make sure that the funds cover the extent of the project and are being monitored regularly to keep stakeholders or sponsors informed. It will determine the method to establish the budget, which includes how and if it will change and what procedures will be used to control it. Each task will have to be estimated for cost, which means including all resources such as labour, materials, equipment and anything else needed to complete the task.

27. Project Quality Management A project can come in on time and within budget, but if the quality is not up to the standard set, then the project is a failure. Plan quality management is part of the overall project management plan, though it can be a standalone document if it contains the quality specs for the product or service.

28. Project Human Resource Management The project team is your most important resource, so it’s crucial to assemble the best team and to make sure they’re happy. But also you need to track their performance to ensure that the project is progressing as planned. A human resource management plan will identify their roles and their requirements for those positions, as well as how they fit in the overall project structure.

29. Project Communications Management All areas of project management are important, but communications might be paramount as it informs every aspect of the project. Communications inform the team and stakeholders, therefore the need to plan communications management is a critical step in any project.

30. Project Risk Management Risk management plans will identify how the risks will be itemized, categorized and prioritized. This involves identifying risks that might occur during the execution of the project by making a  Risk Register . Perform qualitative risk analysis after the biggest risks have been identified and classified by likelihood and impact. Then prioritize them. Then perform quantitative analysis according to their impact on the project, such as its budget, schedule, etc.

31. Project Procurement Management This deals with outside procurement, which is part of most projects, such as hiring subcontractors. This will obviously have an impact on the budget and schedule. Planning  procurement management  starts by identifying the outside needs of the project and how those contractors will be involved.

32. Project Stakeholder Management The stakeholders must be happy, as the project has been created for their needs. Therefore, they must be actively managed like any other part of the project. To start one must identify the stakeholders. It’s not always easy, but it’s a crucial part of starting any project, so find out who they are and what concerns they have. Now plan  stakeholder management , which means listing each stakeholder and prioritizing what their concerns are and how they might impact the project. This will lead to  managing stakeholders’ expectations  to make sure their needs are met and that you’re in communication with them.

33. Project Safety Management It enables individuals with  project  roles to see what is required, ensure compliance with CDM ( Construction Design and Management ) requirements, and to influence and cooperate with others to deliver success. A training programme designed to improve  safety  at all levels of  project management .