PROPORTION AND SCALE

Proportion and Scale/ Scale/ Miniature Scale/ Monumental Scale/ Proportions/ Golden Ratio

1. SCALE  Scale refers to the size of an object in relationship to another object In most cases, the size of objects is compared to our own human scale . We can find examples of this in our homes and workplaces; for instance standardized heights have been created for counter tops, chairs have been scaled to fit our bodies, the widths of hallways allow for people to comfortably pass one another

2.   an artwork might be termed miniature, small scale, full scale or life-size, large scale or larger than life, or monumental .

3. MINIATURE SCALE MONUMENTAL SCALE

4. proportions Proportion refers to the relative size of parts of a whole (elements within an object ). We often think of porportions in terms of size relationships within the human body. Proportion is the term used to describe the relationship between two things of different size.

5. PROPORTION AND SCALE IN ART

6. Michelangelo's  David:  powerful in size; ideal in proportion This image is an excellent illustration of both  scale  and  proportion  in art .

7. The  scale  of this overwhelming figure is larger than life: over 13 feet tall. In addition it is placed on a pedestal taller than the average human, so that the sculpture towers far above the viewer. This gives it a sense of godlike grandeur . The  proportions  within the body are based on an ancient Greek mathematical system which is meant to define perfection in the human body.

8. This detail of the face of Michelangelo's  David   shows the geometrically calculated proportions described by Vitruvius, which Michelangelo used in all of his figural sculptures. It has come to represent the ideal of human proportions

9. # In the head of Constantine ,, you can clearly see this shift in proportion in comparison to the head of Michelangelo's David #. In the sculpture of Constantine the eyes are emphasized--much larger in size than in an actual human face--and the forehead is dramatically shortened.  Roman, Late Empire   Constantine the Great   

10. MINIATURE SCALE Miniatures and model kits are used in contemporary art whereby artists use both scratch built miniaturizations or commercially manufactured model kits to construct a dialogue between object and viewer.

11. MINIATURE SCALE MODELS

12. MONUMENTAL SCALE The term “Monumental architecture" refers to large human-made structures of stone or earth which are used as public buildings or communal spaces, as opposed to everyday private residence. EXAMPLES: pyramids, tombs & burial mounds, plazas, temples, churches, etc.. The defining characteristics of monumental architecture are their relatively large size and their public nature.

13. WHAT IS THE GOLDEN RATIO USED IN MICHELANGELOS DAVID? The golden ratio is a recurring relationship found in math, art and nature, and is thought by many to be inherently aesthetically pleasing.

14. THE GOLDEN RATIO IN ART AND ARCHITECTURE The golden ratio (golden rectangle) is a proportioning system that governs the relationship of smaller parts to the whole . It has long been believed to produce some of the most aesthetically pleasing shapes in nature, and as such has been used in many works of art and architecture. The ratio is AB:BC=BC:AC=1:1.618 . The Golden Rectangle diagram

15. The golden ratio is widely applied in ancient art, classical paintings, modern paintings and contemporary graphic design. ‘Mona Lisa’ by Leonardo da Vinci Stamp design by Stephan Bundi

16. Animals grow according to golden section Plants grow according to golden section

17. Universe grows according to golden section