Prostaglandins

Prostaglandins

1. POSTAGLANDINS Department of chemistry, University of Rajshahi

2. Definition Structure Types Biosynthesis Biochemical actions of PGs Biomedical applications of PGs Presentation outline

3. Any group of potent hormone like substance that are produced in various mammalian tissues, are derived from arachidonic acid, and mediate a wide range of physiological functions, such as control of blood pressure, concentration of uterine, smooth muscle, and modulation of inflammation. Prostaglandins (PG) Prostaglandins have been found in almost every tissue in humans and other animals. They are derived enzymatically from the fatty acid arachidonic acid. Prostaglandins are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids.

4. Structure Prostaglandins are derivatives of a hypothetical 20 carbon fatty acid namely prostanoic acid, hence known as prostanoids .

5. General Structure of PGs

6. Prostaglandins are following types: Types of Prostaglandins Prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 ) Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), and Prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α ) Prostaglandin I 2 (PGI 2 )

7. Types of prostaglandins Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) Prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 )

8. Types of prostaglandins Prostaglandin I 2 (PGI 2 ) Prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α )

9. Biosynthesis of PGs Phospholipids Phospholipase A 2 Arachidonic Acid Cyclooxygenase PGG 2 Peroxidase PGH 2 PGI 2 PGF 2α PGE 2 TXA 2 Reductase Isomerase TXA Synthase PGI 2 Synthase

10. Arachidonic acid

11. Biochemical actions of PGs Regulation of blood pressure Reproduction Pain and fever Influence on immune system Influence on renal functions Effects on metabolism

12. Biomedical applications of PGs Treatment of Gastric ulcers Hypertension Thrombosis Asthma Employed in the medical termination of pregnancy Prevention of conception Induction of labor Controlling fever, pain, migraine

13. Summery The prostaglandins speak: Twenty carbon compound are we! Synthesized from arachidonic acid; Acts as local hormones in function; Widely used as therapeutic agents .

14. References Biochemistry ( 3 rd edition ) – U. Satyanarayana Wikipedia