protein and its side effects of excess intake.pptx

Protein and Side Effects of Excessive Protein Intake

Protein is a vital macronutrient essential for various physiological functions, including muscle repair, growth, and maintenance, as well as the production of enzymes, hormones, and other crucial biomolecules. Athletes and individuals engaged in regular physical activity often require increased protein intake to support recovery and muscle synthesis. While adequate protein consumption is critical for health and performance, excessive protein intake can lead to several potential side effects and health concerns. High protein consumption is common among individuals aiming for muscle gain or weight loss, as protein increases satiety and has a higher thermic effect compared to fats and carbohydrates. However, consuming protein beyond the body's requirements can place undue strain on various organs, particularly the kidneys, as they are responsible for metabolizing nitrogen from protein. Chronic excessive protein intake can potentially exacerbate pre-existing kidney conditions, although evidence suggests that healthy kidneys can tolerate high protein levels without damage. Another significant concern is dehydration, as protein metabolism increases the excretion of urea, leading to greater water loss. Individuals consuming excessive protein without sufficient hydration may experience dehydration symptoms, including fatigue, dry skin, and dizziness. Additionally, excessive protein intake, especially from animal sources, may lead to imbalances in nutrient intake, such as a reduction in dietary fiber and essential vitamins and an increase in saturated fats and cholesterol, potentially raising the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Over-reliance on protein shakes and supplements, which often lack the nutrients found in whole foods, may further exacerbate these imbalances. Long-term overconsumption of protein can also lead to weight gain if caloric intake exceeds expenditure, as surplus protein is converted into fat for storage. Furthermore, some individuals may experience digestive issues, such as constipation or diarrhea, due to inadequate fiber intake or sensitivities to specific protein sources. Excessive protein from red or processed meats has also been associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, such as colorectal cancer, due to the presence of harmful compounds formed during cooking or processing. To prevent these side effects, it is crucial to adhere to recommended dietary guidelines and consider individual factors, such as activity levels, age, and health status, when determining protein requirements. While protein is indispensable for maintaining health and supporting athletic performance, balance and moderation are key to maximizing its benefits while minimizing potential risks.

1. Side effects of excessive protein intake

2. INTRODUCTION PROTEIN IS AN ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT NEEDED BY THE HUMAN BODY FOR GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE . FOOD RICH IN ANIMAL PROTEIN ARE MEAT, FISH, EGGS, POULTRY AND DAIRY PRODUCTS WHILE PLANT FOODS HIGH IN PROTEIN  ARE MAINLY LEGUMES, NUTS AND GRAINS.  FOR MOST HEALTHY PEOPLE, A HIGH PROTEIN DIET GENERALLY DOESN’T HURT WHEN FOLLOWED FOR A SHORT TIME. SUCH DIETS MAY HELP WITH WEIGHT LOSS BY MAKING YOU FEEL FULLER. BUT MANY HEALTH ISSUES MAY HAPPEN IF YOU FOLLOW A HIGH - PROTEIN DIET FOR A LONG TIME , AND RESEARCHERS ARE STILL STUDYING THE LONG – TERMS RISKS OF HIGH PROTEIN DIETS THAT LIMITS CARBOHYDRATES.

3. OUTCOMES SOME HIGH PROTEIN DIETS LIMIT CARBS SO MUCH THAT YOU MIGHT NOT GET ENOUGH NUTRIENTS OR FIBER. THIS CAN CAUSE PROBLEMS SUCH AS BAD BREATH, HEADACHE AND CONSTIPATION. SOME HIGH PROTEIN DIETS ALLOW RED MEATS, PROCESSED MEATS AND OTHER FOODS HIGH IN SATURATED FAT. THESE FOODS MAY INCREASE YOUR RISK OF HEART DISEASE AND THEY CAN EVEN INCREASE YOUR BAD CHOLESTEROL. A HIGH PROTEIN  DIET MAY WORSEN HOW WELL A KIDNEY WORKS IN PEOPLE WITH KIDNEY DISEASE. THIS CAN HAPPEN BECAUSE THE BODY MAY NOT BE ABLE TO GET RID OF ALL THE WASTE PRODUCTS OF PROTEIN THAT BROKES DOWN.

4. HEALTH RISKS  DISORDERS OF RENAL FUNCTIONS: LOW FLUID INTAKE AND EXCESSIVE INTAKE OF PROTEIN ARE IMPORTANT RISK FACTORS FOR KIDNEY STONES. PROTEIN INGESTION INCREASES RENAL ACID EXCRETION, AND ACID LOADS, IN TURN, MAY BE BUFFERED IN PART BY BONE, WHICH RELEASES CALCIUM TO BE EXCRETED BY THE KIDNEY.  THIS PROTEIN INDUCED HYPERCALCIURIA  COULD LEAD TO THE FORMATION OF CALCIUM KIDNEY STONES.

5. DISORDERS OF BONE AND CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS :- DIET WHICH IS HIGH IN PROTEIN GENERATES A LARGE AMOUNT OF ACID IN BODY FLUIDS . THE KIDNEY RESPONDS TO THIS DIETARY ACID CHALLENGE WITH NET ACID EXCRETION AND CONCURRENTLY THE SKELETON SUPPLIES BUFFER BY ACTIVE RESORPTION OF BONE RESULTING IN EXCESSIVE CALCIUM LOSS.

6. EXCESSIVE WEIGHT GAIN OR OBESITY :- IF TAKEN IN EXESS QUANTITIES, PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS CAN CAUSE YOU TO GAIN WEIGHT . AND BY WEIGHT HERE, WE MEAN FAT. IF NOT FOLLOWED BY PROPER WORKOUT AND EXERCISES, YOUR BODY CAN GAIN WEIGHT WHICH CAN LEADS TO OBESITY.

7. CONSTIPATION :- THESE CHANGES CAN DRASTICALLY DECREASE FIBER INTAKE,  AND CONSTIPATION IS COMMON WHEN FOLLOWING HIGH PROTEIN, LOW CARBS. DIET, IT CAN CAUSE SEVERAL STOMACH RELATED PROBLEMS LIKE DYSPEPSIA (INDIGESTION).

8. DEHYDRATION :- THE DEHYDRATION IS CAUSED BY THE KIDNEY WHICH HAS TO WORK HARDER TO REMOVE AN EXCESS OF PROTEIN AND NITROGEN WASTE FROM METABOLIZING THE PROTEIN. IT REQUIRES MORE THAN ENOUGH ENERGY TO BROKE DOWN THE PROTEINS.

9.                           DESPITE THE FACT THAT SHORT – TERM HIGH PROTEIN DIET COULD BE NECESSARY IN SEVERAL PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS LIKE MALNUTRITION , IT IS EVIDENT THAT “ TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING”  IN DIET COULD BE USELESS OR EVEN HARMFUL FOR HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL. MANY ADULTS OR EVEN ADOLESCENTS (ESPECIALLY ATHLETES OR BODY BUILDERS) SELF PRESCRIBE PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS AND OVERLOOK THE RISK OF USING THEM, MAINLY DUE TO MISGUIDED BELIEFS IN THEIR PERFORMANCE ENHANCING ABILITIES. INDIVIDUALS WHO FOLLOW THESE DIETS ARE THEREFORE AT RISK. EXTRA PROTEIN IS NOT USED EFFICIENTLY BY THE BODY AND MAY IMPOSE A METABOLIC BURDEN ON SEVERAL ORGANS OF THE BODY LIKE BONES KIDNEYS AND LIVER.