Psychatric mental healt; SSRI and SNRI.Benzodizepine.pptx

Psycatric medication.

1. TOPIC: BENZODIZEPINE

2. INTRODUCTION: Benzodiazepines are a class of medications that slow down activity in your brain and nervous system. They’re most often used for treating anxiety and related mental health conditions, as well as brain-related conditions like seizures. Benzodiazepines are categorized as short, intermediate, or long-acting. Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety.

3. Classification of Benzodizepine Short-Term Benzodizepine: They include Triazolam, Midazolam, oxazepam, Estazolam etc. Intermediate Benzodizepine: They include Lorazepam,Temazepam,clorazepate etc. Long-term Benzodizepine: They include Alprazolam,clonazepam, Diazepam, Lorazepam and clonazepam etc.

4. Example OF BENZODIAZEPINE: The most common benzodiazepines include: Alprazolam Diazepam Clonazepam Lorazepam Temazepam

5. Clobazam Flurazepam Estazolam Triazolam   Oxazepam Midazolam INDICATION: Anxiety Disorder Insomnia Seizures Muscle spasms Sedation Panic attacks Alcohol withdrawal

6. MECHANISM OF ACTION OF BENZODIZEPINE: Benzodiazepine work by enhancing the effect of neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is inhibitory neurotransmitter that calms down neural activity.

7. Common Benzodiazepine Side Effects: Most of the side effects of benzodiazepines are related to the depressant effect the drug has on your central nervous system. 1 Constipation Confusion Depression Diarrhea Drowsiness Dry mouth Erectile dysfunction 14 Fatigue Headache Impaired motor skills and coordination Irritability Loss of appetite or increased appetite Muscle weakness Short-term memory loss and impaired cognition

8. Benzodiazepine Drug Interactions: Not only can they cause dependence, but there are also many substances that can interact with benzodiazepines and cause accidental overdose or even death. Some of the other medications and herbs that can cause interactions with benzodiazepine include: Antidepressants Antihistamines 4 Anticonvulsants Certain antifungals Certain antibiotics Opioid cough medicine

9. DOSAGE OF BENZODIZEPINE: The Dosage for benzodiazepine varies depending on the condition being treated. Anxiety : 2-10mg orally 2-4 time a day. Alcohol withdrawal : 10mg taken by mouth 3-4 time in first 243 hours then reduce to 5mg 3-4 time a day. Muscle Spasm : 2-10mg orally 2-4 time a day. Seizures : 2-10mg by mouth 2-4 time a day. Premedication & Light Anesthesia : 2-10mg orally 2-4 time.

10. CONTRAINDICATION: Contraindications of benzodiazepines include: 1. Pregnancy : Benzodiazepines can increase the risk of birth defects and should be avoided during pregnancy. 2. Breastfeeding : Benzodiazepines can pass into breast milk and may cause sedation and other adverse effects in infants. 3. Respiratory depression : Benzodiazepines can worsen respiratory depression, especially in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or sleep apnea. 4. Acute angle-closure glaucoma : Benzodiazepines can increase intraocular pressure and worsen glaucoma. 5. Severe liver disease : Benzodiazepines are metabolized by the liver, and severe liver disease can lead to excessive sedation and prolonged effects. 6. Sleep apnea : Benzodiazepines can worsen sleep apnea and should be avoided in patients with this condition. 7. Myasthenia gravis : Benzodiazepines can worsen muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis.

11. THANK YOU