Psychoanalytic psychotherapy

therapy

1. Psychoanalytic Therapy Presented by: Zunaira Tahir

2. Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is a lengthy insight therapy developed by Freud It aims at uncovering unconscious conflicts It uses techniques such as free association and dream analysis

3. Freud’s therapy is an insight therapy It attempts to discover relationships between unconscious motivation and abnormal behavior Sigmund  Freud's psychoanalytic theory  of personality argues that human behavior is the result of the interactions among three component parts of the mind: the id, ego, and superego Psychoanalysis

4. Second, the causes of maladjustment are unresolved conflicts The person is unaware of these conflicts, and therefore cannot deal with them Any insight therapy has two basic assumptions : First, becoming aware of one’s motivations helps one change and become more adaptive Psychoanalysis

5. Goal of Psychoanalysis The goal is to help patients understand the unconscious motivations that direct their behaviors Only by becoming aware of these motivations can they choose behaviors that lead to more fulfilling lives During analysis, patients are encouraged to express healthy impulses, strengthen day-to-day functioning based on reality, and perceive the world as a positive place

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7. Defense mechanisms used by a person Repression The Repression forces a threatening memory, thought, or perception out of consciousness and prevents it from returning patient mostly used in psychosomatic disorders such as asthma, arthritis, and ulcers. Projection projection is the attribution of one's feelings or characteristics to people in general. One who is unhappily married may reduce the anxiety associated with that condition by concluding that all marriages are unhappy. Reaction formation The principal features of reaction formation are an exaggerated demonstration of the opposite feeling and an inflexibility of expression of that feeling. Reaction formations are also employed against external threats, as in the case of exaggerated friendliness toward or obedience to someone or something that is feared .

8. Defense mechanisms Denial When a situation or fact becomes too much to handle, a person may simply refuse to experience it. sublimation Through sublimation an unacceptable drive is transformed into a social acceptable one. In sports, for example, we find the sublimation of aggressive demand in the competition or contest . Rationalization  It offers explanations following a logical pattern for some biases or manifestations which make the subject feel embarrassed or uncomfortable. This mechanism can also be used to protect the narcissist ego .

9. Defense mechanisms Regression Regression occurs when a person reverts to the types of behavior that they exhibited at an earlier age. Stress of adult life and the associated anxiety may lead to a person seeking comfort in things which they associate with more secure, happier times. 

10. Techniques of Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is geared toward the exploration of early experiences Two major techniques are free association and dream analysis In free association , the patient is asked to report whatever comes to mind, no matter how disorganized or trivial

11. Techniques of Psychoanalysis Free association One purpose is to help patients recognize connections and patterns among their thoughts. It also allows free expression of the unconscious. In dream analysis, patients are asked to describe their dreams in detail.

12. Techniques of Psychoanalysis Dream analysis The dreams are interpreted to provide insight into unconscious motivation Freud believed dreams represent some element of the unconscious seeking expression Both free association and dream analysis involve the therapist’s interpretations

13. Interpretation Interpretation involves providing a context, meaning, or cause, for an idea, feeling, or set of behaviors The therapist attempts to find a common thread in a patient’s behaviors and thoughts Patients’ use of defense mechanisms may point to areas that need to be explored Techniques of Psychoanalysis

14. Techniques of Psychoanalysis Two processes in psychoanalysis are resistance and transference Resistance is an unwillingness to cooperate In resistance, the patient may be unwilling to provide information, or help in interpretation

15. Transference During transference, the therapist becomes the object of a patient’s emotional attitudes about an important person in the patient’s life The importance of transference is that the therapist will respond differently than the important person This allows the patient to experience conflict differently Techniques of Psychoanalysis

16. The therapist can also guide the person to explore repressed ideas Examining previously unacceptable thoughts and feelings helps patients identify underlying conflicts Techniques of Psychoanalysis

17. How it’s work Psychoanalysis involves slowly gaining insights into the unconscious These insights allow the patient to learn new ways of coping with instinctual urges The patient also develops mature ways of dealing with anxiety and guilt. Techniques of Psychoanalysis

18. Techniques of Psychoanalysis The cycle of interpretation, resistance, and transference occurs repeatedly during psychoanalysis

19. Psychoanalytic therapy used for such disorder It’s used to treat some mental health conditions and situations as well. It may help you manage: anxiety panic disorders post-traumatic stress disorder personality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder stress-related physical ailments physical symptoms that lack a physical basis persistent feelings of isolation and loneliness prolonged sadness sexual difficulties

20. Risk factors S ome therapists are not helping patients recover repressed memories. Instead, they are planting 'false memories' into their patients' minds .   Ignored individual differences It depend on therapist subjectivity interpretation .

21. Criticisms of Psychoanalysis Critics of psychoanalysis contend it is unscientific, imprecise, and subjective They assert concepts such as id, ego, and superego are not linked to reality They also object to the idea we are driven toward hedonistic goals

22. Criticisms of Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis has certain inherent disadvantages The patient must be highly motivated and articulate It is also typically extremely expensive Many people cannot afford the time or money for this type of treatment