Psychoanalytic theories by Sigmund Freud .pdf

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1. Psychoanalytic
theories
Sigmund Freud

2. Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud, born in 1856, lived for 84
years, and died in 1939, was an Austrian
neurologist and the founder of
psychoanalysis, a revolutionary approach to
understanding the human mind. Freud used
the technique to treat mental disorders. He
formed his theory of psychoanalysis by
observing his patients. Freud's work had a
profound impact on psychology, psychiatry,
and cultural discourse, influencing fields
such as dream interpretation, personality
development, and therapeutic techniques.

3. Freud's psychoanalytic theory is a comprehensive framework
developed by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th and early 20th
century. This theory revolutionized the field of psychology. His
theories emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind,
childhood experiences, and the role of sexuality in shaping
human behavior. In simple terms, psychoanalytic theory
suggests that our personality develops as we try to deal with
conflicts between our hidden desires and what society
expects.
According to Freud, two main ideas are:
1) Your early experiences as a child shape who you
become as an adult. The way you solve problems as a child
influences how you act as an adult.
2) The process of growing up is about learning to manage
oour urges and behave in ways that society considers okay.
It's like finding acceptable ways to handle our
not-so-friendly thoughts.

4. Level of consciousness
Unconscious
This level contains information that is not in your immediate
awareness but can be easily brought to consciousness when
needed. It acts like a mental "storage" of thoughts that you're
not currently focused on. Example: Remembering your friend's
phone number when you need to dial it. You weren't actively
thinking about it, but you can easily recall it.
Conscious
This is the part of your mind that you are
aware of at any given moment. It contains
thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that
you are currently experiencing. Example:
Right now, you are consciously reading.
Subconscious
This is the deepest and most hidden part of your mind. It
contains thoughts, desires, and memories that are
hidden from your conscious awareness, often because
they are too uncomfortable or disturbing. Example:
Traumatic experiences from early childhood that you
might not consciously remember, yet they can influence
your behavior and emotions.

5. Structure of mind
ego
Acts as the mediator between the id and the
external world.- Operates based on the
reality principle, balancing the id's desires
with real-world constraints. Example:
Choosing to wait for lunchtime instead of
grabbing someone else's food.
Id
The primal, instinctual part of our
personality.- Operates based on the
pleasure principle, seeking immediate
gratification. Example: A hungry infant
crying to get food.
Superego
Represents our internalized moral values
and societal norms.- Strives for perfection
and moral correctness. Example: Feeling
guilty after telling a lie because it goes
against your internal sense of right and
wrong.