PSYCHOLOGICAL-THEORIES-OF-CRIME-CAUSATION.pptx

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1. PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION These theories explain crime as caused by mental, behavioral or emotional aspects.

2. Psychoanalytic theory Pioneered by Sigmund Freud. Views deviant or anti social behavior as a result of underdeveloped or overdeveloped superego.

3. ID EGO SUPEREGO Three elements of personality

4. Three elements of personality ID – refers to the instincts, or pleasure – seeking drives or impulses. This is present since birth. Id is the unconscious state of mind of a person. EGO – refers to the self. Its function is to balance or to mediate between the Id and the Superego in the context of reality. SUPEREGO – refers to conscience. It sets the moral standard in consonance with the norms of the society. It is developed at the age of five.

5. Types of personality conflict or anxiety REALISTIC ANXIETY – this refers to the feeling of fear towards certain external object, situation, or action, that the society generally regard as a threat or dangerous to the concerned person. It is what a person feels. When a criminal points the muzzle of his firearm towards him. MORAL ANXIETY – this is a type anxiety produced by the tensions between the ego and the superego. In certain times, the id provokes the ego to resort in unacceptable behaviors causing the superego to regulate the former. NEUROTIC ANXIETY – this is produced by the conflict between the id and the ego. This is felt when the impulses of the id overwhelms the ego. Frustration displacement, losing your temper, and drinking alcohol, are few examples of neurotic anxiety.