PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FOR ENGLISH PURPOSES

SLIDES FOR COLLEGE LECTURE

1. PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

2. Communication Principles

3. -is a process of exchanging verbal and/or non-verbal information between two or more people who can either be the speaker or the receiver of the messages. -is used to meet the purpose of the person (to inform, to persuade, or to entertain.-can be in the form of written, verbal, non-verbal, and visuals.

4. Modes of Communication

5. Verbal communication- involves an exchange of information through face-to-face, audio and/or video conferencing, lectures, meetings, radio, and television. Non-Verbal communication- involves the following to convey or emphasize a message of information. • Body language- this includes facial expressions, postures, and eye contact. • Personal space or distance – this refers to area of space and distance that a person from a different culture, personality, age, sex, and status adopts and puts for another person. Personal Appearance – this refers how a person presents himself/herself to a particular situation, whether formal or informal

6. Visual communication- type of communication that uses visuals to convey information and/or messages. Some examples are signs, symbols, imagery, maps, graphs, photos, and even various forms of electronic communications such as emoticons and animations to convey the writer’s emotions Written communication- involves text or words encoded and transmitted through memos, letters, reports, on-line chat, SMS, e-mail, journals and other written documents.

7. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT

8. Context in communication is referred to as a composite of people interacting with each other. Intrapersonal Communication– means talking to oneself. Some label it as self or inner talk, inner monologue, or inner dialogue. Interpersonal Communication – an interactive exchange takes place as interpersonal communication takes place. A transactional does not necessarily take place since it can only be a simple interaction greetings or ordinary conversation.

9. Extended Communication– involves the use of electronic media such as televisions, radio, audio or phone conferencing, video conferencing, and other technological means. With the use of electronic media, messages are transmitted quickly. With this, your thinking, behavior, and attitude may be influenced by other people and you may be persuaded to take views you hear. Organizational Communication– plays in organizational contexts. Organizations comprise individuals who work for the company. For an organization to be successful, a set of rules or standards for communication protocol should be made clear so that interaction patterns are established.

10. Organizational Communication–written and oral communication skills is needed. Two types of organizational structure: Formal –allows communication to take place via designated channels of message flow between positions in the organizations. a. Downward communication- upper to lower positions (supervisor staff) b. Upward communication –bottom-up (staff supervisor) c. Horizontal communication –lateral ( belong to the same level but different department) d. Crosswise communication -diagonal (different department at various levels)

11. 2. Informal –comes form unofficial channels of communication. Also known as “grapevine” messages coming from the different levels of organization are transmitted. Intercultural Communication– communication between or among people having different linguistics, religious, ethnic, sex, social, and professional backgrounds. Individuals having different orientations communicates and interpret messages differently. This particularly happens with non-verbal communication.

12. Communication processes

13. Involves elements such as: Source – the speaker or sender Message – information or ideas from the source or speaker Encoding – process of transferring the message Channel – the means to deliver the message such as face-to-face conversations, telephone calls, e-mails, and memos, among others. Decoding – the process of interpreting an encoded message Receiver – the recipient of the message Feedback – reactions or responses of the receiver Context – the situation or environment in which communication takes place Barrier – the factors which may affect the communication process. ex. Culture, individual differences, noise, status.

14. Communication Models

15. ARISTOTLE’S COMMUNICATION MODEL

16. SHANNON-WEAVERS COMMUNICATION MODEL Thomson made call to his assistant “come here I want to see you”. During his call, noise appeared (transmission error) and his assistant received “I want” only. Again Assistant asked Thomson (feedback) “what do you want Thomson”. Sender : Thomson Encoder : Telephone (Thomson) Channel : Cable Noise : Distraction in voice Reception : Telephone (Assistant) Receiver : Assistant. Due to transmission error or noise, Assistant can’t able to understand Thomson’s messages. *The noise which affect the communication flow between them.