Purvi shah radius & ulna anatomy ppt

Radius and ulna upper limb bone (Part-3)
Radius and ulna anatomy and clinical anatomy details PPT by Purvi Shah.
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1. Radius & Ulna Anatomy Part-3 By Purvi Shah BPT

2. Radius

3. Radius The radius is the lateral bone of the forearm. It is homologous with the tibia of the lower limb. It has an upper end, a lower end and a shaft.

4. The Upper End The Head is disc shaped & is covered with hyaline cartilage Head of radius fits into a socket formed by radial notch of ulna and annular ligament, thus forming superior radioulnar joint. The Neck is enclosed by narrow lower margin of annular ligament. The Tuberosity lies just below the medial part of the neck. It has a rough posterior part and a smooth anterior part.

5. The Upper End

6. The Shaft It has three borders and three surfaces. Borders The Anterior Border The Posterior Border(mirror image of the anterior border) The Medial or Interosseous Border(sharpest border)

7. The Shaft Surfaces The anterior surface lies between anterior and interosseous borders. The posterior surface lies between the posterior and interosseous borders. The lateral surface lies between the anterior posterior borders.

8. The Lower End It is widest part of the bone;it has a five surfaces . The anterior surface (The radial artery palpated against this surface) The posterior surface (Presents 4 grooves for extensors tendons) The medial surface (occupied by the ulnar notch for the head of ulna) The lateral surface (prolonged downwards to from styloid process) The inferior surface (bears a triangular area for the scaphoid bone; this surface take part in forming the wrist joint)

9. Muscle Attachments Biceps attaches to the radial tuberosity . Supinator,flexor pollicis longus and the flexor digitorum superficialis attach to the upper third part of the shaft of the radius . EPB,abductor pollicis longus and pronator teres all attach to the mid shaft of the radius. Pronator quadratus muscle attach to the distal quarter of the radial shaft.

10. Muscle Attachments

11. Articulation Elbow Joint Wrist Joint

12. Ossification The shaft ossifies from a primary centre. The lower end ossifies from a secondary centre. The Upper end ossifies from a secondary centre.

13. Clinical Anatomy The Radius commonly gets fractured about 2 cm above its lower end Colles’s fracture . Mechanism of injury: Fall on outstretched hand( FOOSH ) Distal fragments is displaced upwards and backwards. Reverse of the colles’s fracture : Smith fracture Distal fragments being palmar flexed rather than dorsiflexion.

14. Distal End Of Radius Fracture

15. Clinical Anatomy Congenital absence of the radius is rare anomaly. Resulting gross radial deviation of the hand and the thumb is often absent. Radioulnar synostosis is also rare condition in which radius and ulna are fused together.

16. Ulna

17. Ulna The ulna is the medial bone of forearm. It is homologous with fibula of lower limb. It has a upper end, shaft, lower end. The ulna is a long bone larger proximally than distally.

18. Upper End Olecranon process projects upwards from the shaft. It has superior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral surfaces. Coronoid process projects forwards from the shaft just below the olecranon process. It has four surfaces; superior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral surfaces. The trochlear notch forms an articular surface. The radial notch articulate with the head of radius.

19. The Shaft It has a 3 Borders and 3 surfaces. Borders Interosseous border/Lateral border(sharpest) Anterior border(thick and rounded) Posterior border(subcutaneous)

20. The Shaft Surfaces Anterior surface Medial surface Posterior surface

21. Lower End Head of the ulna The lateral, distal end of the ulna is the head of the ulna .  It articulates with the ulnar notch on the radius and with the triangular articular disc in the Wrist Joint . Styloid process It projects downwards from the posteromedial side of lower end of the ulna.

22. Muscle Attachments Triceps inserts i nto the posterior of the olecranon process. Brachialis inserts to anterior, inferior coronoid process. Supinator arises from the supinator crest FDS arises from a tubercle at the upper end of coronoid process. Pronator teres arises medial margin of the coronoid process.

23. Muscle Attachments FDP arises from the shaft of ulna. Pronator quadratus origin from oblique ridge on lower part anterior surface. FCU arise from medial side of olecranon process. ECU arises from posterior border Anconeus is inserted lateral aspect of olecranon process.

24. Ligament Attachments Capsular ligament Annular ligament Ulna collateral ligament

25. Articulation Elbow joint Radio-ulna joint

26. Ossification The shaft and the most of the upper end ossify from a primary centre. The superior part of olecranon ossifies from a secondary centre. The lower end ossifies from a secondary centre.

27. Clinical Anatomy Shaft of ulna may fracture either alone or along with that of the radius. Fracture of olecranon is common caused by FOOSH Dislocation of elbow is produced by FOOSH Madelung’s deformity is dorsal subluxation of lower end of ulna.

28. Clinical Anatomy

29. Thank You