Q1-W1 MODAL LESSON IN ENGLISH9 [Autosaved].ppt

All about modals

2. Dear Lord and Father of all
Thank you for today.
Thank you for ways in which you provide for us all.
For your protection and love we thank you. Help us
to focus our hearts and minds on what we are
about to learn. Inspire us by Your Holy spirit as we
listen and write. Guide us by your eternal light as
we discover more about the world around us.
We ask all this is the name of Jesus. Amen!

4. DAY 1
•Directions: Listen attentively as the
facilitator reads to you the article
provided for you. Then, answer the
questions that follow.

5. What should make up a strong family
that possesses good family values? It is
the family that sustains its members, that
supports and nourishes each other
throughout the span of that family. A
strong family unit has to create a safe,
positive, and supportive place for all
members to thrive. They are able to utilize
resources and live together in a fairly
healthy manner

6. Cohesion- In families, cohesion would be
defined as the feeling of being loved, of belonging
to the group and being nurtured by it. A person
must be able to develop their individuality, while
being supported and confident within the family.
Flexibility-There must be a structure in a
family or it will become chaotic and will not be a
peaceful setting for a family. Conversely, there
must be flexibility or the family becomes rigid
and the authority figures are resented.

7. Communication- Things that facilitate
communication are things mentioned so far-family
closeness, flexibility, time spent together, spirituality. All
members must feel a freedom within the group to
express themselves freely.
A healthy, happy family benefits our whole society.
Among the children of strong families there is less crime,
less divorce and less emotional problems. They tend to
go on and have strong, healthy families of their own,
having learned from their folk’s example.

8. •What should make up a strong family
that possesses good family values?
•What is the aspects to be applied to
have a healthy and happy family?
•Who benefits from a family which is
healthy and happy?
•Things we can avoid/prevent if our
family is happy and healthy?

9. 1. A strong family unit has to create a safe,
positive, and supportive place for all the
members to thrive.
Directions: Below are sentences taken
from the article you read. Take them as
example and study the underlined words.
2. There must be a structure in a family or it
will become chaotic and will not be a peaceful
setting for a family.

10. 3. All members must feel a freedom within the
group to express themselves freely.
Directions: Below are sentences taken
from the article you read. Take them as
example and study the underlined words.
4. A person must be able to develop their
individuality, while being supported and
confident within family.

11. 1. Has to
What are the underlined words in
each sentence?
2. must
3. must
4. must

12. What do the underlined words
express?
•They express obligation.
When do we usually use them?
•We used them to add
meaning to the main verb in
a sentence.

13. What are they called?
•We call them MODAL VERBS
What are modal verbs?
MODAL
-special verb that behave
differently from normal verb.
-is a type of auxiliary verb or
helping verb.

14. MODAL
-are unlike normal verb,
because give additional
information about how the main
verb function in a sentence.
-it is used to express ability,
possibility, permission and
obligation.

15. KINDS OF MODALS
•OBLIGATION
•PERMISSION
•PROHIBITION
DAY 2

17. PERMISSION
-an authorization granted for
something or a formal
consent

18. MAY, COULD, CAN
•Use to give or ask for permission.
•Use to politely ask permission, to
make a request and to offer help
to someone.

19. CAN- ask or give permission, use in yes or no
question. Used when talking to familiar people
When to use? Example
Asking
permission
Least formal/
polite of the
modal verbs
used to ask
permission
“Can I pass through without
my community ID?”
Yes, you can pass through
without your ID
“Can she come with me to
Candelaria?”
Yes, she can come with you.

20. COULD-asking and giving permission
politely because you do not know each other yet
When to
use?
Example
Asking
permission
More formal/
polite in asking
permission
(which may not
be given)
“Could I bring my friends
to the party?”
“Could I have more
calamansi juice?”

21. COULD
- expresses a statement saying
that somebody is allowed to do
something in the past but not in
the present.
Ex: I remember we could go out and play
as long as we want to because the sun
wasn’t that hot back then!

22. MAY
-most polite and formal way to
ask and give permission.
Ex: May I go out ma’am?
May I please go out ma’am?

23. MAY-ask or give permission politely to people
older than us, show respect in a formal setting.
When to use? Example
Asking
permission
politely
“May I see your travel pass?”
“May I use the school’s hand
washing area?”
Giving most
polite/formal
answer
“Of course, you may.”
“I’m sorry you may not.”

24. •REMEMBER:
“Respect is one of the greatest expressions
of love”

25. MIGHT- is used for respect and
politeness
Ex: Might I ask what your name is?

26. may
Directions: Read the following statement and
fill in with the most appropriate modals of
permission (can, could, may or might.)
1.Mom, _____ I go out with jill to the school
party?
2.Hello, ____ I speak with Mr. Santiago
please?
3. ______ you lend me an extra pencil
please?
4.Waiter, ____ I trouble you for a glass of
water please?
5. Sure, you ___ go now. I’ve got it covered.
can
could
May/might
can

27. Evaluation
Directions: Fill in the box with the correct
modal of permission to complete the sentence.
1._____ I join you for dinner this evening?
(Question for friends)
2. _____ I use your telephone. (for stranger)
3. Where are you going on vacation this year?
We ____ go to Spain or France.
4. _____ I speak to Fred?
5. _____ you read that again please? I didn’t
quite catch the street name.
CAN
MAY
MAY
COULD
COULD

28. 1. A strong family unit has to create a safe,
positive, and supportive place for all the
members to thrive.
Directions: Below are
sentences taken from the
article you read. Take them as
example and study the
underlined words.
DAY 3

29. 1. A strong family unit has
to create a safe, positive,
and supportive place for all
the members to thrive.

30. 2. There must be a
structure in a family or it
will become chaotic and
will not be a peaceful
setting for a family.

31. 3. All members must feel a
freedom within the group
to express themselves
freely.

32. 4. A person must be able
to develop their
individuality, while being
supported and confident
within family.

33. What do the underlined
words express?
•They express obligation.

34. What is obligation?
•an act or course of
action to which a
person is morally or
legally bound; a duty
or commitment

35. MUST
•Use to talk about
obligations.
•When we use “must”, the
authority comes from the
person who is speaking.

36. MUST
When to
use?
Example
Use when
talking
about
obligations
“You must wear your
facemask every time
you go out”
“I must stop spitting
in public areas.”

37. MUST
When to
use?
Example
Use when
talking
about
obligations
“You must do your
homework.”
“I really must call my
parents.”

38. Remember that “must” is a modal
auxiliary verb. It means that it
doesn’t change its ending (I must,
he must) and that it’s followed by
the infinitive/base form of the verb
without “to”
You must phone me. Correct
You must to phone me. Wrong

39. Businessman must pay their
business permit first before
operating. Correct

Businessman must to pay their
business permit first before
operating. Wrong

40. •We can use have to + base
form of the verb,
•must + base form of the
verb and
• should + base form of the
verb to express obligation
(something you have to do)

41. EXAMPLES
•Children have to go to
school
•I must study today.
•You should save some
money.

42. •Use to talk about rules and
regulations.
•The authority for the obligation
doesn’t come from the person
speaking. Perhaps it refers to a
general rule or law.
HAVE TO

43. HAS TO /HAVE TO
When to
use?
Example
Use when talking
about rules and
regulations.
“We have to present our travel
pass to the authority when
passing quarantine checkpoint.”
“They have to do it to stop the
spread of the virus .”
“We have to wear our uniform
in the school.”
“We have to stay at home for
our safety.”

44. Difference of must and have to
•Must- obligation comes from the speaker
•Have to- obligation comes from someone
else.
REMINDER:
MODAL OF OBLIGATION
MUST, HAVE TO- express a firm obligation
or necessity
SHOULD, OUGHT TO- express
recommendation or moral obligation

45. REMINDER:
MODAL OF OBLIGATION
MUST, HAVE TO- express a firm obligation or
necessity
SHOULD, OUGHT TO- express recommendation
or moral obligation
Example:
He must give up smoking. ( An order to be obeyed)
1.He should / ought to give up smoking.(This is a piece
of advise which may oy may not be obeyed
She must tell the truth. (Absolutely necessary)
2. You should tell the truth.(A piece of advice

46. Exercises
Directions: Fill in the box with the correct
modal of obligation to complete the sentence.
1.He says he _____ finish his work by
tomorrow.
2. My mother told me I ______ not forget to
buy some bread.
3. He is in a hurry with his work; he ______
give the report by tomorrow.
4. He seems very poor. We ____ help him.
5. You ____ wear a helmet.
MUST
MUST
HAS TO
SHOULD
HAVE TO

47. Exercises
6. She _____ work tomorrow.
7. I ______ finish my homework last night.
8. They ______ bring the money
tomorrow.
9. You ____ wear the uniform at all times.
10. You ______ wait until 10am.
HAS TO
HAD TO
HAVE TO
HAVE TO
HAVE TO

48. DAY 4

53. PROHIBITION
•the action of forbidding
something, especially by law
•These situations are the
opposite of giving 
permission.

54. MAY NOT, MUST NOT,
CAN’T
•Use for prohibition.
•use to prohibit
someone or create
rules.
DAY 4

55. CAN’T
When to
use?
Example
Prohibit
something
Most
commonly used
modal of
prohibition
“You just can’t walk
outside without your
mask on.”
“We can’t talk to
strangers, that’s what
mother said.”

56. •Can’t is normally used to show
INABILITY, but in these example
it shows probation.
•It is like you are saying that you
do not have the ability because of
the rules

57. MAY NOT
When to
use?
Example
Prohibit
something
Formal way to
prohibit
something
“You may not enter
the office with your
baby sister.”
“She may not wear
her shoes inside the
house.”

58. MUST NOT
When to
use?
Example
Prohibit
something
In the
strongest sense
“Peter must not try to pass
the checkpoint without his
papers and documents.”
“Jane must not bring the
children out during these
days, it’s too dangerous.”

59. •This is the third way you
can prohibit an action or
make a rule against
something. Unlike the first
two examples, you can’t ask
questions about rules with
must

60. •Can is a modal often used to ask for
and give permission. It means
something is allowed and can be done.
• Both can’t and mustn’t are
modals of prohibition used to show
that something is prohibited-it’s not
allowed.
• Can’t tells us that something is
against the rules. Mustn’t is usually
used when the obligation comes from
the person who is speaking.

61. Exercises
Directions: Fill in the box with the correct
modal of prohibition to complete the sentence.
1.You _____smoke here. It’s forbidden.
2. You _____ drive fast on this road.
3. You _____ buy cigarettes in Columbia
unless you are 19 years of age.
4.The signs says “No Parking”. That means
you ____leave your car here.
5. You ____ forget to take your medicine.
MUSTN’T
MAY NOT
CAN NOT
CAN NOT
MUSTN’T

62. EVALUATION
Directions: Fill in the box with the correct modal of
obligation, permission and prohibition to complete
the sentence.
1._____ I join you for dinner this evening?
(Question for friends)
2. _____ I use your telephone. (for stranger)
3. Where are you going on vacation this year? We
____ go to Spain or France.
4.The signs says “No Parking”. That means you
____leave your car here.
.

CAN
MAY
MAY
CAN NOT

63. 5. You ____ forget to take your medicine
6. He says he _____ finish his work by
tomorrow.
7. My mother told me I ______ not forget to
buy some bread.
8. He is in a hurry with his work; he ______
give the report by tomorrow.
9. He seems very poor. We ____ help him.
10. You ____ wear a helmet.
MUST
MUST
HAS TO
SHOULD
HAVE TO
MUSTN’T

64. COHERENCE
•is a state or situation in
which all the parts or 
ideas fit together well
 so that they form a 
united whole.
DAY 5

65. COHERENCE
• it is
 
well planned, so
that it is clear and
sensible and all its
parts go well with each
other.

66. •Use Repetition to Link Ideas,
Sentences, and Paragraphs
Repeating key words or phrases
helps connect and focus idea(s)
throughout the essay. Repetition
also helps the reader remain
focused and headed in the right
direction

67. •Use Transitional Expressions to Link Ideas,
Sentences, and Paragraphs Transitional
expressions, such as however, because,
therefore, and in addition, are used to
establish relationships between ideas,
sentences, and paragraphs. They serve as
signals to let the reader know the previous
idea, sentence, or paragraph is connected to
what follows. For a list of the most commonly
used transitional expressions, refer to the
Southeastern Writing Center’s handout Useful
Transitional Words and Phrases

68. •Use Pronouns to Link Sentences
Pronouns are used to link or connect
sentences by referring to preceding nouns
and pronouns. Pronouns can also help
create paragraphs that are easy to read by
eliminating wordiness and unnecessary
repetition.

69. •Use Synonyms to Link Ideas and Create
Variety Synonyms are words that have the
same or nearly the same meaning as
another word. They provide alternative
word choices that can add variety to an
essay and can help eliminate unnecessary
repetition

70. •Use Parallel Structures to Link Ideas,
Sentences, and Paragraphs Parallelism is
the use of matching words, phrases,
clauses, or sentence structures to express
similar ideas. Parallel structures allow the
reader to flow smoothly from one idea,
sentence, or paragraph to the next and to
understand the relationships and
connections between ideas.

72. ASSIGNMENT/PERFORMANCE
Share your thoughts by constructing a 3-
paragraph composition about the
economic health crisis we are
experiencing now a days. Use modals of
obligation, permission and prohibition in
your sentences.
Paragraph 1 – Introduction
Paragraph 2 – Body
Paragraph 3 – Conclusion/ Summary