Quarter-3-Module-4-LITERARY-APPROACHES-DESKTOP-MRH1SM5.pptx

Literary

1. Quarter 3 – Module 4: Critique a literary selection based on the following literary approaches

2. Objectives: 1. Define Structuralism , Formalist , Moralist , Marxist , Feminist , Historical , and Reader-response approaches;

3. Objectives: 2. Differentiate Structuralism , Formalist , Moralist , Marxist , Feminist , Historical , and Reader-response approaches; and

4. Objectives: 3. Critique a literary selection based on the following approaches: Structuralism , Formalist , Moralist , Marxist , Feminist , Historical , and Reader-response approaches;

5. Literary Approaches

6. Literary Approaches Literary criticism is the evaluation , analysis , description or interpretation of literary works .

7. Literary Approaches There are types of literary approaches we can use in assessing a literary piece :

8. 1. Formalism

9. 1. Formalism An approach that studies text as a text . It views literature as a unique form of human knowledge that needs to be examined on its own terms .

10. 1. Formalism In formalism approach , a literary work can be understood only by reference to its intrinsic features , which are the elements .

11. 1. Formalism These elements include the CHARACTERS , SETTING , PLOT , POINT of VIEW , THEME and SYMBOLISM .

12. 1. Formalism 1. CHARACTERS – a person or even animal who takes part in the action . Characters can be:

13. 1. Formalism Types of Character ● Static – character who does not change overtime ● Dynamic – character whose personality changes overtime.

14. 1. Formalism 2. SETTING – refers to time and place the story takes place. This includes weather condition and social condition .

15. 1. Formalism 3. PLOT – has something to do with the whole sequence of the story . It shows the beginning of the conflict , how the character faces the conflict , and the effect of the character’s action toward the conflict or how the conflict is solved .

16. 1. Formalism 4. POINT of VIEW – this is the angle the story is told : first , second or third person . Who speaks in the story ?

17. 1. Formalism 5. THEME – The central Idea of the story. It answers the question: What is the story all about ?

18. 1. Formalism 6. SYMBOLISM – any object , person or situation , event or action that has deeper meaning .

19. 2. Structuralism

20. 2. Structuralism is a method of interpreting and analyzing a literary piece that focuses on contrasting ideas and show how they relate to the whole structure .

21. 2. Structuralism This approach treats a text as linguistic construct . In Structuralism , a piece is open to interpretation .

22. 2. Structuralism It depends on how the reader views the meaning on the text base on his /her understanding , which may involve personal belief , environment , behavior or moral perception .

23. 2. Structuralism Example: The nursery song Jack and Jill may be just a simple children song about the two characters who fetch water from a hill but using structuralism approach , the song can be interpreted in different ways .

24. 2. Structuralism

25. 3. Moralist

26. 3. Moralist The most important thing that a reader learns is the moral value that each story presents.

27. 3. Moralist MORAL LESSONS OF THE STORY FROM:

28. 3. Moralist 1. The Necklace 2. Juan Tamad 3. Snow White 4. Cinderella 5. The Little Prince 6. Spider

29. 3. Moralist Remember that the main elements of a short story are the following:

30. 3. Moralist 1. Characters - the persons , animals or creatures in the story.

31. 3. Moralist 2. Setting - the time and the place when and where the story happened .

32. 3. Moralist 3. Plot - the important events in the story .

33. 3. Moralist 4. Theme - the main / central idea of the story .

34. 3. Moralist 5. Conflict - the problem in the story .

35. 3. Moralist 6. Mood - the emotion created by the reader .

36. 3. Moralist 7. Tone - the way the author expressed his literary work .

37. 4. Marxist

38. 4. Marxist Marxism is a cultural theory that embodies a set of social , economic , and political ideas that its followers believe will enable them to interpret and change their world .

39. 4. Marxist Marxist critics are also interested in how the lower or working classes are oppressed - in everyday life and in literature .

40. 4. Marxist Karl Marx , the proponent of this theory , lived in London at the time of industrialization and travelled extensively through Europe .

41. 4. Marxist He saw a highly developed continent where the tensions ran high because of social inequality

42. 4. Marxist In doing a Marxist literary criticism , one must look for the following details :

43. 4. Marxist 1 social classes that constitute the setting of the story (their importance and role to run the plot and in injecting ideas );

44. 4. Marxist 2 characteristics of such social classes (as to how social classes interact each other and make conflicts between or among social classes );

45. 4. Marxist 3 author’s idea about the prevailing social issue like oppression ;

46. 4. Marxist 4 technique of the author in using the social conflicts ;

47. 4. Marxist 5 resolving the embedded issue or problem ;

48. 4. Marxist 6 author’s message on the issue or problem whether stated directly through characters or merely implied ;

49. 4. Marxist 7 author’s main purpose of writing the story far from entertaining the reader ;

50. 4. Marxist 8 background of the author and his views on economy , politics and society ;

51. 4. Marxist 9 the place where the literary piece was written ( time period , culture , traditions , practices , economy and politics that might have influenced one literary piece ).

52. 4. Marxist One of the best examples of literary piece injected with Marxism theory is the 1997 movie Titanic .

53. 4. Marxist As for the two main characters, Rose and Jack are complete opposite . Rose is a rich young woman who has everything she could want. On the other hand, Jack has nothing .

54. 5. Feminist

55. 5. FEMINISM Feminism is a collection of movements aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights and equal opportunities for women including gender roles .

56. 5. FEMINISM Gender role means the set of social and behavioral norms that are considered to be socially correct for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture , which differ widely between cultures and over time .

57. 5. FEMINISM Gender-based Differentiation is an issue in Feminism . It is the situation when one job , attitude or skill is only known for one gender .

58. 5. FEMINISM Gender-based Differentiation is an issue in Feminism . It is the situation when one job , attitude or skill is only known for one gender .

59. 5. FEMINISM For example, it was normal idea to see jobs like doctor , lawyer and engineer for male than female .

60. 5. FEMINISM Feminism in literature Feminism in literature is a school of theory views how our culture are inherently patriarchal ( male dominated ) and aims to expose misogyny ( prejudice against women ) in literature explicitly and implicitly .

61. 5. FEMINISM Although there are various views in feminist criticism , the following shows what is common among these varying concepts in feminism :

62. 5. FEMINISM 1. Women are oppressed by patriarchy ( society governed or led by males ) economically, politically, socially, and psychologically.

63. 5. FEMINISM 2. While biology determines our sex ( male or female ), culture sets the standards of what is to be masculine and feminine .

64. 5. FEMINISM 3. Feminism has as its ultimate goal to change the world by promoting gender equality .

65. 5. FEMINISM 4. Gender issues play a part in every aspect of human production and experience , including the production and experience of literature .

66. 6. HISTORICAL

67. 6. Historical Historical Approach sees literature as both a reflection and product of the times and circumstances in which it is written .

68. 6. Historical It is giving enough information to help readers understand a text better using its history as background .

69. 6. Historical Understanding the events and experiences surrounding the composition of the work, particularly the author's life , and applying the results to interpret that work of literature is what the historical approach entails.

70. 6. Historical Foundational questions 1. What types of language , characterization , or events are portrayed ?

71. 6. Historical Foundational questions 2. What is the theme ?

72. 6. Historical Foundational questions 3. Are there any situations or references you are not familiar with ?

73. 7. READER-RESPONSE

74. 7. Reader-response Reader-response suggests that the role of the reader is essential to the meaning of a text , for only in the reading experience does the literary work come alive.

75. 7. Reader-response Its purpose is to examine , explain , and defend your personal reaction to a text.

76. 7. Reader-response There is no right or wrong answer to a reading response.

77. 7. Reader-response Nonetheless, it is important that you demonstrate an understanding of the reading and clearly explain and support your reaction .

78. 7. Reader-response Just take a look with the illustration below:

79. Literary Approaches 1. Formalist 2. Structuralist 3. Moralist 4. Marxist 5. Feminist 6. Historical 7. Reader-response

80. QUIZ

81. ACTIVITY 1 Directions: Identify what kind of literary approach is stated in the following sentences .

82. 1. The most important thing that a reader learns is the moral value that each story presents.

83. 2. Embodies a set of social, economic, and political ideas that its followers believe will enable them to interpret and change their world.

84. 3. A literary work can be understood only by reference to its intrinsic features, which are the elements.

85. 4. A method of interpreting and analyzing a literary piece that focuses on contrasting ideas and show how they relate to the whole structure.

86. 5. It is a collection of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women including gender roles.

87. 6. It sees literature as both a reflection and product of the times and circumstances in which it is written.

88. 7. Its purpose is to examine, explain, and defend your personal reaction to a text.

89. LET’S CHECK

90. 1. Moralist The most important thing that a reader learns is the moral value that each story presents.

91. 2. Marxist Embodies a set of social, economic, and political ideas that its followers believe will enable them to interpret and change their world.

92. 3. Formalism A literary work can be understood only by reference to its intrinsic features, which are the elements.

93. 4. Structuralism A method of interpreting and analyzing a literary piece that focuses on contrasting ideas and show how they relate to the whole structure.

94. 5. Feminism It is a collection of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women including gender roles.

95. 6. Historical It sees literature as both a reflection and product of the times and circumstances in which it is written.

96. 7. Reader-response Its purpose is to examine, explain, and defend your personal reaction to a text.

97. PERFORMANCE TASK

98. DIRECTIONS: Research 2 examples (any short stories) of each 7 literary approaches. Put a separator for each examples. Print your answer in A4 size bond paper then put it in a short white folder. Create a table of contents for the organization of your output. Be creative in your output.

99. CONTENTS 1. COVER PAGE 2. TITLE PAGE 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4. LITERARY APPROACHES -Examples

100. 1. Cover page

101. 2. Title Page

102. 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS

103. 4. LITERARY APPROACHES -Example 1 -Example 2

104. Rubrics

105. 1. Relevance -------------------------- 50% 2. Organization ---------------------- 10% 3. Designs and Creativity ------------------------ 10% 4. Punctuality ------------------------ 10% 5. Literary Approaches and List of Examples ------------- 10% 6. Neatness -----------------------------10% Total ---------------------------------- 100%

106. DEADLINE ON OR BEFORE PORTFOLIO DAY OR FEBRUARY 21, 2025 WHICHEVER COMES FIRST