R.A. 8353 Lecture.ppt

Powerpoint presentation on the Anti-Rape Law

1. ANTI-RAPE LAW
of 1997
(R.A. No. 8353)

2. FORMS of RAPE:
a.RAPE through SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
 penile rape
 traditional rape
b.RAPE through SEXUAL ASSAULT
 gender-free rape
 instrument/object rape

3. RAPE through SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE)
Article266-A,Paragraph1
Rapeiscommittedbyamanwhoshallhavecarnal
knowledgeofawomanunderanyofthefollowing
circumstances:
a.Throughforce,threat,orintimidation;
b.Whentheoffendedpartyisdeprivedofreasonor
otherwiseunconscious;
c.Bymeansoffraudulentmachinationorgraveabuseof
authority;
d.Whenoffendedpartyisundersixteen(16)yearsofage
orisdemented.

4. RAPE through SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE)
Article266-A,Paragraph1
Rapeiscommittedbyamanwhoshallhave
carnalknowledgeofawomanunderanyof
thefollowingcircumstances:
a.Throughforce,threat,orintimidation
“dahas”,“pagbabanta”at“pananakot”
“Theforceandintimidationisnaturallyarelative
term,dependingontheage,sizeandstrengthof
thepartiesandtheirrelationtoeachother.”

5. RAPE through SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE)
Article266-A,Paragraph1
“dahas”“pagbabanta”at“pananakot”
Moralascendancyorinfluencesexercisedbythe
accusedoverthevictimsubstitutesforthe
elementofphysicalforceorintimidationincase
ofrape.(PeopleofthePhilippinesvs.Bazona,
G.R.No.133343-44,March2,2000

6. RAPE through SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE)
Article266-A,Paragraph1
b.Whentheoffendedpartyisdeprivedof
reasonorotherwiseunconscious.
•Thevictimhasnowill
•Sexualintercoursewithaninsanewoman,
feebleminded,mentalabnormalityormental
deficiency
•anunconsciousandextremelyintoxicated
womancannotfreelyandvoluntarilygiveher
consenttoengaginginsexualintercourse.

7. Article266-A,Paragraph1
c.Bymeansoffraudulentmachinationorgrave
abuseofauthority.
“panlilinlang”
d.Whenoffendedpartyisundersixteen(16)
yearsofageorisdemented(asamendedbySec.
1ofRA11648)
RAPE through SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE)

8. Article266-A,Paragraph1
d.Whenoffendedpartyisundersixteen(16)yearsofageor
isdemented
Atechnicaldefinitionoftheterm"demented"asreferringtoa
personwhohasdementia,whichisaconditionofdeteriorated
mentality,characterizedbymarkeddeclinefromtheindividual's
formerintellectuallevelandoftenbyemotionalapathy,madness,
orinsanity.
Ontheotherhand,thephrasedeprivedofreasonunder
paragraph1(b)hasbeeninterpretedtoincludethosesuffering
frommentalabnormality,deficiency,orretardation.
Thus,aperson,whowasclinicallydiagnosedtobeamental
retardate,canbeproperlyclassifiedasapersonwhois
"deprivedofreason,"notonewhois"demented."
RAPE through SEXUAL INTERCOURSE )

9. SALIENT FEATURES OF
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11648
•Sexualintercoursewithavictimwhoisunder16
yearsoldisstatutoryrape;
•Raisesageofsexualconsentto16yearsold(Sec.
1);
•Whenthevictimisunder16yearsofage,the
perpetratorshallbeprosecutedforrapeunderthe
RevisedPenalCode,notViolationofRA7610
(SeeSection5(b)ofR.A.No.7610,asamended
bySec.3ofRA11648)

10. Article266-A,Paragraph2
Rapeiscommittedbyanypersonwho,underanyofthe
circumstancesmentionedinparagraph1hereof,shall
commitanactofsexualassault:
1.byinsertinghispenisintootherperson'smouthoranal
orifice,or
2.byinsertinganyinstrumentorobject,intothegenitalor
analorificeofanotherperson.
RAPE through SEXUAL
ASSAULT)

11. DifferentiationRape through
SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE
Rape through SEXUAL ASSAULT
Offender always a manmay be a man or a woman
Offended Party always a
woman
may be a man or a woman
RAPE: WHEN AND HOW
COMMITTED
(Comparison)

12. DifferentiationRape through
SEXUAL
INTERCOURSE
Rape through SEXUAL ASSAULT
Committed
Through
penile
penetration of
the vagina
inserting the penis into another
person’s mouth or anal orifice, or
any instrument or object into the
genital or anal orifice of another
person
Penalty Reclusion
Perpetua to
Death
Prision Mayor to Reclusion
Perpetua
RAPE: WHEN AND HOW
COMMITTED
(Comparison)

13. AGGRAVATING/
QUALIFYING
CIRCUMSTANCES
DeathPenalty
•Whenthevictimisundereighteen(18)yearsof
ageandtheoffenderisaparent,ascendant,
step-parent,guardian,relativebyconsanguinity
oraffinitywithinthethirdcivildegree,orthe
common-lawspouseoftheparentofthevictim
•Whenthevictimisunderthecustodyofthe
policeormilitaryauthoritiesoranylaw
enforcementorpenalinstitution;

14. AGGRAVATING/
QUALIFYING
CIRCUMSTANCES
DeathPenalty
•Whentherapeiscommittedinfullviewofthe
spouse,parent,anyofthechildrenorother
relativeswithinthethirdcivildegreeof
consanguinity
•Whenthevictimisareligiousengagedinlegitimate
religiousvocationorcallingandispersonally
knowntobesuchbytheoffenderbeforeoratthe
timeofthecommissionofthecrime

15. AGGRAVATING/
QUALIFYING
CIRCUMSTANCES
DeathPenalty
•Whenthevictimisachildbelowseven(7)
yearsold
•Whentheoffenderknowsthatheisafflicted
withtheHumanImmuno-DeficiencyVirus
(HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome(AIDS)oranyothersexually
transmissiblediseaseandthevirusor
diseaseistransmittedtothevictim;

16. AGGRAVATING/
QUALIFYING
CICUMSTANCES
DeathPenalty
•WhencommittedbyanymemberoftheArmed
ForcesofthePhilippinesorpara-militaryunits
thereoforthePhilippineNationalPoliceorany
lawenforcementagencyorpenalinstitution,
whentheoffendertookadvantageofhisposition
tofacilitatethecommissionofthecrime;
•Whenbyreasonorontheoccasionoftherape,
thevictimhassufferedpermanentphysical
mutilationordisability;

17. AGGRAVATING/
QUALIFYING
CIRCUMSTANCES
DeathPenalty
•Whentheoffenderknewofthepregnancyofthe
offendedpartyatthetimeofthecommissionof
thecrime;and
•Whentheoffenderknewofthementaldisability,
emotionaldisorderand/orphysicalhandicapof
theoffendedpartyatthetimeofthecommission
ofthecrime.

18. AGGRAVATING/
QUALIFYING
CIRCUMSTANCES
DeathPenalty
•Useofadeadlyweapon
•Rapebytwoormorepersons
•Thevictimhasbecomeinsane
•Ahomicideiscommitted

19. INNOVATIONS
UNDER RA 8353
Rape shall
hereafter be
classified as a
Crime against
Persons.

20. Marital rape is impliedly
recognized.Rape
committed against the
wife, also known as
“marital rape”, is impliedly
acknowledged under the
new law.
INNOVATIONS
UNDER RA 8353

21. INNOVATIONS
UNDER RA 8353
Rapemaynowbecommittedagainst
aman.
Awomanmaynowbechargedof
rapinganotherwoman.
Rapenowincludesactsotherthan
penilepenetrationofthevaginal
orifice.

22. EXCEPTIONS
The subsequent valid
marriagebetween the
offenderandtheoffended
partyshallextinguishthe
criminalactionorthepenalty
imposed.

23. SCENARIO
SantosrapedMaria.Seeingwhatascandalit
canbringtotheirfamily,Maria’sparents
arrangedhermarriagewithSantos.Mariawas
reluctantbutherparentsprevailed.Sheand
Santosgotmarriedinalavishceremony
attendedbymanyvisitors.
Didthemarriageextinguishthecriminalliability
ofSantos?

24. EXCEPTIONS
Incaseitisthelegalhusband
whoistheoffender,the
subsequentforgivenessbythe
wifeastheoffendedpartyshall
extinguishthecriminalactionor
thepenalty:Provided,Thatthe
crime shall not be
extinguishedorthepenalty
shallnotbeabatedifthe
marriageisvoidabinitio.

25. EXCEPTIONS:
STATUTORY RAPE
Age gap is not
more than 3
The act is
non-abusive
Offended party is
aged 13 to 16
The act is
consensual
The act is non-
exploitative

26. DOCTRINES FROM JURISPRUDENCE
•Sexualintercourse,albeitwithintherealmof
marriage,ifnotconsensual,isrape.(Peoplevs
Jumawan,G.R.No.187495,21April2014)
•Aprostitutedpersonmayalsobeavictimofrape.
(Peoplev.Espino,Jr.,G.R.NO.176742,17June
2008;PeoplevsPenilla,G.R.No.189324,20March
2014)
•Whenthreat,intimidationandfearareemployed,
thereisnoneedtoestablishphysicalresistance.In
rapecommittedbyafatheragainsthisdaughter,the
father’smoralascendancyandinfluenceoverthe
lattersubstituteforviolenceandintimidation.(People
vs.Palgan,G.R.No.186234December21,2009)

27. DOCTRINES FROM JURISPRUDENCE
Eventheexistenceofanillicitaffairbetweenthe
accusedandthevictimdoesnot,onitsown,ruleout
rapeifconsentwasnotpresent.(PeoplevsSaysot-
Cias,G.R.No.194379,01June2011)
Thedateisnotanessentialelementofthecrimeof
rape,forthegravamenoftheoffenseiscarnal
knowledgeofawoman.Assuch,thetimeorplaceof
commissioninrapecasesneednotbeaccurately
stated.(Peoplev.Cinco,G.R.No.186460December
4,2009)

28. DOCTRINES FROM JURISPRUDENCE
•Delayinreportingtheincidenttothepolicedoes
notaffectthetruthfulnessofthechargeinthe
absenceofothercircumstancesthatshowthe
sametobemereconcoctionorimpelledby
someillmotive(Peoplev.Tulagan,G.R.No.
227363,March12,2019)
•Physicalresistanceneednotbeestablishedin
rapewhenthreatsandintimidationareemployed
andthevictimsubmitsherselftotheembraceof
herrapistbecauseoffear.(Peoplevs.Ruben
Corpuz,G.R.No.175836January30,2009)

29. DOCTRINES FROM JURISPRUDENCE
•Evenifitweretruethattheyweresweethearts,a
loveaffairdoesnotjustifyrape.Amandoesnot
havetheunbridledlicensetosubjecthisbeloved
tohiscarnaldesires.(Peoplev.Baldo,G.R.No.
175238February24,2009)

30. Inprosecutionsforrape,
evidence of
complainant's past
sexualconduct,opinion
thereoforofhis/her
reputationshallnotbe
admittedunless,and
onlytotheextentthatthe
courtfinds,thatsuch
evidenceismaterialand
relevanttothecase(Sec.
6,RA8505)

31. Thank you!