Radiographic anatomy of the face

anatomy-radiograph of muscle-bones of the face

1. Radiographic anatomy of the face By : Norah alfayez Nouf almansour

2. Objectives : To describe the two parts of the skull including VISCEROCRANIUM part . Anatomical position of the 14 facial bones and their radiographs . To describe the boundaries of the face . To show the muscles of the face and their radiographs .

3. Boundaries: *Extends superiorly to the hair line, inferiorly to the chin and base of mandible, and on each side to auricle. *Forehead is common to both scalp and face.

4. The Skull composed of 28 separate bones . Most are flat bones. The Skull Bones : NEUROCRANIUM Frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid , parietal & temporal VISCEROCRANIUM Mandible, vomer , maxilla,zygomatic , nasal, lacrimal, palatine & inferior concha

5. Normal MRI

6. VISCEROCRANIUM FACE & JAW Mandible, vomer , maxilla,zygomatic , nasal, lacrimal, palatine & inferior concha Facial bones Form framework of face Form cavities for sense organs (sight, taste, smell) Provide passage for air/food Hold the teeth

7. Normal Facial bones

8. Mandible is the largest, strongest and lowest  bone  in the face. It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place. 

9. Mandible – Normal radiograph

10. Vomer unpaired facial bones The vomer forms the inferior part of the nasal septum

11. Nasal bones Form the bridge of the nose varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face, and form, by their junction, "the bridge" of the nose.

12. Lacrimal bones the lacrimal bone helps form the nasolacrimal canal necessary for tear translocation. Posterior to nasal bones

13. Zygomatic bones

14. Maxilla is the upper jaw bone formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones. The upper jaw includes the palate of the mouth.

15. Palatine bone

16. Inferior nasal concha It extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the  nasal cavity

17. Blue:  Vomer  (1) Yellow:  Maxilla  (2) Purple:  Mandible  (1) Pink:  Nasal bones  (2) Red:  Palatine bones  (2) Bright blue:  Lacrimal bones  (2) Dark green:  Zygomatic bones  (2) Bright green:  Inferior nasal concha  (2)

18. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the face is considered  medically necessary  for the following indications: Osteomyelitis Parotid tumors Trauma Evaluation of facial nerve disorders of the 7th cranial nerve Tumor ( sinonasal , facial) Tumors or malignancy (known or suspected)      *     Diagnosis or staging;      *     Evaluation or response to treatment;      *     Preoperative evaluation.

19. Computed tomography (CAT scan) of the maxillofacial area or neck is considered  medically necessary  for the following indications: Sinusitis and sinus tumors nasal polyp Trauma Suspected submandibular duct stone Facial, orbital or head trauma Suspected sinus malignancy Foreign body evaluation

20. Muscles of the face : Called muscle of facial expression and lie in superficial fascia . Embryologically they develop from mesoderm of 2 nd branchial arch, therefore supplied by facial nerve . Orbital group Nasal group Oral group Other muscle groups

21. Orbital group: Two muscles are Orbicularis oculi Corrugator supercilii

22. Nasal group: Three muscles are associated with the nasal group: * Nasalis * Procerus *Depressor septi nasi

23. Oral group: The muscles in the oral group move the lips and cheek: 1-Orbicularis oris 2-Buccinator prevent accumulation of food in vestibule of mouth.

24. Other muscle groups: Platysma Auricular and Occipitofrontalis

25. parry- romperg syndrom CT scan

26. Thank you