Raj rewal

architecture

1. RAJ REWAL (1934- )

2. INTRODUCTION Raj Rewal is one of the India 's best known architect s and urban design consultant who studied architecture in New Delhi and London. Raj Rewal is recognized internationally for buildings that respond sensitivity to the complex demands of rapid urbanization, climate and culture. His humanist approach to architecture responds to the complexities of rapid urbanisation, the demands of climate, cultural traditions, and building crafts and technologies. Mr. Rewal's commitment to housing is also central to his built works. 1989 - Gold Medal of the Indian Institute of Architects, Robert Mathew Award of the Commonwealth Association of Architects; 1993 - Mexican Association of Architects Award .

3. PROFESSIONAL LIFE EXPERIENCES He met with 3 encounters which shaped his architectural ideology. First encounter, he relates to his interest in structures during which he developed during the review of his diploma projects. Second one accounts on his working experience that he gained while he was working as an set designer for several Avante Grade theatre productions in London , he learnt that each dramatic work had a particular character which he interpreted as the rasa of the building. Third encounter, he worked with Michel Ecohard in Paris, before beginning his own architectural practice. In this office, he learned the principles of Urban design and Planning.

4. WORK LIFE H e became associate of royal institute of british architects Raj Rewal Associates is based in Delhi and has been in practice for the last 35 years. The architectural firm has been acclaimed for its housing projects and urban design and public buildings. FAMOUS BUILDINGS PARLIAMENT LIBRARY NEHRU PAVALLION ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE SHEIKH SARAI HOUSING COMPLEX STATE TRADING CORPORATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF IMUNOLOGY

5. INFLUENCES ROLE MODELS LE CORBUSIER CHARLES CHORREA LOUIS I. KAHN INFLUENCIAL PLACE RAJASTHAN OLD TOWNS T R ADITINAL HAVELI HOUSE ANCIENT BUILDINGS WESTERN THEORIES OF URBAN PLANNING & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

6. PHILOSOPHY “Tradition should not be approached for its underlying order, not for its superficial effects, it should be rethought in terms that are right for the possibilities and limitations of the present social order”

7. CRITICAL REGIONALISM -"I  don’t believe in blindly copying our past. We have to learn from the precedents to solve our existing problems. I feel we have to re-invent modernity in terms of our own traditions and cultural heritage. It is an important task to search for a modern architectural language, which responds to our requirements, lifestyle, climate and building materials. Market economy and the consumerist culture are facts of life and architectural language is based on it.

8. FEATURES CLUSTERING OF BUILDINGS (ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE) COURTYARDS PROVIDING PUBLIC SPACE WITHIN THE BUILDING. (ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE) SCATTER OF TERRACES PERMITTING YET ANOTHER SET OF ACTIVITIES ( SHEIKH SARAI HOUSING)

9. FEATURES STREETS : NARROW, SHADED , BROKEN UP INTO SMALL UNITS CREATING PAUSES, POINTS OF REST & CHANGING (SHEIKH SARAI) GATEWAYS : ALLOW FOR A CHANGE & CONTAIN A CONTUNITY, BRIDGES FORMED BY LINKING 2 NEIGHBOURING HOUSES (ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE)

10. MATERIALS CONCRETE- HOUSING BRICK CLADDING- RESIDENCE SAN D STONE - Gives traditional yet modern look ( USED IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS )

11. GRAMMER IN BUILDING FORMS Rewal has developed a distinctive grammar of his own. His grammar reflects two apparently opposed value systems: the traditional one of the hot and dry parts of India, with its taste for pattern and ornament, and the Western Modernist one of abstract expression. Rewal has been able to combine the possibilities that each one offers with the least discord Climatic sensitivity Energy efficiency “Glass is for colder climates. Its transparency is nullified in hot weather as you have to cover it with heavy curtains. As you shut the door to nature, the cost of air conditioning goes up substantially.” Rewal reinterprets traditional stone architecture in modern brick and RCC.

12. PROJECTS

13. WORKS HOUSING EXHIBTIONS & LONG SPAN STRUCTUES OFFICES EDUCATION Satush gujral house Sham lal house Rewal house HOUSING French embassy staff quaters Sarai housing complex Zakir hussain co operative housing Asian games village Nehru memorial pavalion Hall of nations karnataka pavalion Bhikaji cama bazar engineering indian house scope complex delhi television centre National institute of public finance and policy national institute of immunology French school and culture centre Central institute of educational technology

14. PARLIAMENT LIBRARY- 1989 CONSTRUCTION SYS T EM - Series of bubble domes over low weight Sand stone curvatures pegged with glass elements to provide natural light PURPOSE : Symbolically a house of knowledge,Parliament library hads its site next to parliament. CONCEPT T he main assembly and focus centre of library lie on same axis Inspired from adhinath temple in Ranakpur in16th century. S ymmetrical and balanced compositiion S eperate blocks for different functions

15. ADHINATH TEMPLE

16. THE BIGGEST GEOMETRICAL PROBLEM: Relating circular shape of the parliament withlibrary complex in a traingular site C ourtyards form the important feature of the design,keeping mind of delhi extreme climate 3zones for easy accessibility,vip entrance and utilities height restricted to podium level of parliamnet 4 STOREY HIGH ATRIUM G ets light even into basement MATERIAL – S and stone ,concrete and Jaalis COURTYARDS -Provide direct sunlight and ventilation Amphitheatre symbolizes the freedom of expression pool of water symbolizes equality tree as focal point symbolizing social justice

17. HALL OF NATIONS Pragati Maidan , New Delhi

18. To reflect symbolically and technologically, India's intermediate technology in the 25th year of its independence. The design was evolved to meet the constraints of time, availability of materials and labour. The depth of the structural system was utilized as a Sun breaker and conceived of in terms of the traditional ' jali ', a geometrical pattern of perforation that serves to obstruct directs rays of the harsh Sun while permitting air circulation BUILDING TYPE: EXHIBITION YEAR: 1972 LAND: 130 Acres As steel was expensive resulted inconstruction using latter material. Octahedral measuring 5m from joint to joint were employed as the basic 3D unit of the frame setting 11m for openings An effective system o f environmental control inside the building was another outcome of the 3D structure , as solid triangular panels at regular intervals provided sun screens – a modern equivalent ,

19. ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE

20. PURPOSE – H ousing was built by public authority to accomidate the temporary influx guest a nd latoer on would be sold to private individual. Concept is based on sequence of open spaces linked by narrow, shaded pedestrian streets and containing both residential and commercial activities An obvious source of inspiration for such narrow streets linking the housing units is the traditional street scale pattern found in many indian cities , where narrow paths become spaces for encounters between people, the open squares offer a sense of neighbourhood .

21. A cluster in asian games village –the basic unit of four appartments is designed in such a way that it can be linked with cantilevers on ends and partly on fronts to create a variety of interlinking spaces. U nit types of individual from A,B,C to apartments of E,F,G 510 Housing units-200 individual and 300 apartments of 2 to 4storeys D ensity of 50 units per hectare

22. FEATURES TERRACES on upper floor are joined over head to create gateway – entrances through walk ways T he housing unit benift from large landscape areas as well as smal courtyards WALLS\PARAPETS - narrow slits(jaalis for both privacy and ventilation) MATERIAL USED- Reinforced concrete posts and beams coverd with rough cast and plaster Split level arrangment of spaces with in the building