Ranunculaceae.pptx

Ranunculaceae Family and some plants

1. Family: Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family) Classification, Floral Characteristics, & Plants

2. Classification Class: Dicotyledonae Sub-Class: Polypetalae Series: Thalamiflorae Order: Ranales Family: Ranunculaceae

3. Introduction Ranunculaceae is a family of flowering plants also know as the “buttercup family” or “crowfoot” family. Genera: 51-88 Species: 2500 Ranunculaceae are mostly annual or perennial herbaceous plants, but with some woody climbers (such as Clematis ) and subshrubs. Leaves are very often more or less palmately compound. The flowers of are generally showy and medium to large in size in order to attract pollinators. The flowers are actinomorphic or zygomorphic in Aconitum and Delphinium . The Perianth is made of one or more commonly two whorls, often not clearly differentiated into a true calyx and corolla, the sepals may be joined and the petals may be evolved into spurred nectaries or otherwise modified.

4. The flowers have many free stamens (polyandrous) arranged in spiral and usually many free pistils . Flowers are most often grouped in terminal , racemes , panicles , or cymes . The fruit is most commonly a follicle (e.g., Helleborus, Nigella ) or an achene (e.g., Ranunculus, Clematis ). Roots : Tuberous root Calyx : 5 sepals, polysepalous Corolla : 5 petals, polypetalous Gynoecium : Numerous pistils ( Polycarpillary ), one carpel in Delphinium Seed : Endospermic seed

5. Floral Formula Ranunculus. ⊕ ⚥ K 5 C 5 A ∞ G ∞ Delphinium. ⊕ ⚥ K 5 C 5 A ∞ G ∞

6. Aconite Botanical name: Aconitum napellus Part used: Dried roots Active constituents: Aconitine, Picraconitine, hypaconitine, aconine, napelline Pharmacology: Neurotoxin, antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory analgesic Uses: Cardiotonic, Local analgesic, For neuralgia, Rheumatic and gout, inflammation, Antipyretic, Used in homeopathy

7. Aconine Napelline

8. Larkspur Botanical name: Delphinium ajacis Part used: Dried roots and whole dried herb Active constituents: Delphinidin, denudatin , delphine, condelphine , ajacine, ajacinine Pharmacology: Neuronal transmission inhibition Uses: Anticonvulsant, In dropsy and Asthma, Toothache, Snake and scorpion bite, Bitter tonic, Cholera and jaundice

9. Delphinidin

10. Pulsatilla Botanical name: Pulsatilla vulgaris Part used: Whole dried plant Active constituents: Ranunculin, protoanemonin, anemonin Pharmacology: Antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, cytotoxic Uses: Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimalarial, Emetic, purgative, Amenorrhea, Analgesic

11. Ranunculin

12. Hydrastus Botanical name: Hydrastus canadensis Part used: Dried roots and rhizomes Active constituents: Hydrastine, berberine, canadine, starch, resin Pharmacology: Antimicrobial when applied topically, Antitubercular, Anti-inflammatory Uses: Eye wash, Flu preparations, Bitter tonic, GIT & nasal Preparations, In hemorrhages

13. Hydrastine