Rasa Tarangini by Dr. Vimarsha bhatkalkar

The objective is to know the importance and contribution of rasa tarangini in the field of rasashastra.

1. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 1 Classical Text Review Rasa Tarangini NAME : Dr. Vimarsha Bhatkalkar DESIGNATION : 1 ST year PG Scholar INSTITUTION: KLE SHRI BMK Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya & Research Centre

2. Introduction Objective Author, place and period Editors, publishers and commentators Context of text Chapter wise series Uniqueness Research articles Lacunas Own views Summary 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 2 CONTENTS

3. RASATARANGINI is one among the wonderful referral book in the field of Rasa shastra as well as in Ayurveda. The word Rasatarangini means Rasa- Parada and other metals and minerals. Tarang- wave arising from an ocean. This book was written by Pranacharya Sadanand Sharma during 19 th century. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 3 INTRODUCTION

4. To know the importance and contribution of Rasa Tarangini text in the field of Rasa shastra. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 4 OBJECTIVE

5. Rasatarangini is written by Pranacharya Sadanand Sharma during 19 th century(1980). His father name is Pandit Jeevan Sharma and mother name is Saraswati Devi. Sadananda Sharma has dedicated Rasatarangini to his teacher, Kaviraj Narendra Nath Mitra. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 5 AUTHOR, PLACE AND PERIOD

6. This book is edited by Shri Kashinath Shastri. Published by Motilal Banarasidas Publishers. Sanskrit commentary on Rasatarangini is written by Shri hari Dutt Shastri. Hindi commentary is written by Pandit Dharmananda Shastri. English commentary on Rasa Tarangini is written by Dr. Ravindra Angadi. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 6 Editors, Publishers and Commentators

7. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 7 Hindi Edition English Edition Sanskrit Edition

8. ‘RASA TARANGINI ‘ has 24 chapters called ‘ Tarangas ’. 1 st - 4 th Taranga - deal with basics of Rasashastra . 5 th – 7 th Taranga - deal with Parada. 8 th - 23 rd T aranga - deal with Maharasa , Uparasa , Sadharana rasa, Dhatu, Sudha varga dravya and Ratnopratna . 24 th T aranga – gives details about the Visopavisa varga dravya is explained and some formulations as Agnitundi rasa etc has been mentioned. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 8 CONTEXT OF TEXT

9. This chapter contains salutation to Goddess Parvati through various synonyms. Significance of Rasashastra . Description of Rasashala (pharmacy). Divisions of pharmacy. Instruments and equipments of pharmacy. Yogya paricharaka lakshana (Ideal attendant). Rasashastra acharya Swarupa . (ideal teacher) Varjya shishya. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 9 1. RASASHALA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

10. Contains various definitions like Paribhasha lakshana , Lavana pancaka , Ksarastaka , Mutrastaka , Gorvara / G omaya , Amlapancaka , Dugdhavarga,Tailavarga , Dhatusatwa , Shodhana , Marana, Kajjali , Parpati , Shuddhavarta , Amlavarga , Rasapanka , Rasapisti , Dhalana , Nirvapa , Mitra Pancaka , Avapa , Nirvapa , Amritikarana , Vankanala Described Mana Paribhasha and Dhanwantari bhaga . (According to the author, these definitions are most essential for physician, should memorize and retain in their mind always. So these help in proper preparation of medicine and its administration.) 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 10 2. PARIBHASHA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

11. Definition of musha and sandhi lepana . 8 types of musha- samanya ,vajra, yoga, vajradravanika , gara , gostani , malla , maha / sthula has been explained. 4 kosthika - Angaradhanika , Koshthika , Angara, patala 10 types of puta- Maha, Gaja , Varaha, Kukkuta , Kapota, Gorvara , Bhanda , Valuka , Bhudhara , Lavaka , ( anukta puta- Depending on the hardness of the drug). 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 11 3. MUSHA , KOSHTHI, PUTA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

12. Various type of Yantras: dola , patana ( urdhwa , adhah , tiryak ), Bhasma, Kacchapa , Bhudhara , Mrdanga , sthali , valuka , lavana puta, bashpa swedana , darvika , palika , damaruka , nadika , patala , khalva , Ishtika , Jarana , Hamsapaka , koshti , valabhi , swedani , tapta khalwa Electric muffle furnace has been explained in commentatory . 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 12 4. YANTRA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

13. Description of Parada Synonyms of parada Shudha - ashudha parada Saptakanchuka dosha ( Dravi , malakari , dhwankshi , parpatika , andhakari , patanika , bhedi ) Aghora mantra to be chanted before the beginning the process of purification Properties of parada Appearance of parada Process of purification (5 methods explained) Extraction of parada from Hingula 8 types of processing of Parada (samskara) mentioned in detail Jarana samskara, Sadguna gandhaka jarana (2 methods) and bali gandhaka jarita parada and its properties have been mentioned. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 13 5. PARADA ASHTA SAMSKARA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

14. Deals with process involving preparation of formulation containing Parada and other compound with or without Gandhaka . Definition and types mentioned. Difference between Murchana and murchana samskara highlighted 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 14 6. MURCCHANA VIJNANIYA TARANGA Murchana Murchana Samskara It is the act of imbibing definite therapeutic efficiency in mercury. It is the 3 rd samskara among the “ ashtasamskara ” of parada . It is done to alleviate the naisargika dosha’s of mercury Rendered for consumption Here parada is converted from it’s natural form to pishta / kalka form. Mercury emerges in the form of khalviya , parpati , pottali and kupipakwa rasayan aushada Here the naga , vanga and other natural doshas present in the mercury are alleviated.

15. MURCHANA 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 15 CONTD…. SAGANDHA MURCHANA NIRGANDHA MURCHANA SAGNI NIRAGNI KALLAJI SAGNI RASA PUPSHA RASA KARPURA NIRAGNI MUGDHA RASA RASA PARPATI RASA SINDURA MALLA SINDURA TALA SINDURA MAKARADHWAJA SHILASINDURA SAMIRPANNAGA ANTARDHUMA BAHIRDHUMA NIRDHUMA

16. Marana definition Parada bhasma lakshana and it’s properties. Vahni mrittika Parada maraka gana Concept of Kshetrikarana , pathyapathya in rasa sevana , Antidote of parada , rasa bhaks h ana kala, rasayanocita rasa, P arada b hasma lakshana . Amayika proyoga - helps to treat jwara , rakapitta , kasa , pandu , atisara , pravahika , visuchika , ajirna , arsa , hikka , chardi , kshata ksina , mutra krcchra , amaja sula , unmada , apasmara , all types of kushta etc. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 16 7. PARADA MARANA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

17. Types, appearance, shodhana (6 methods), properties of Gandhaka , Sudha lavana Gandha rahita gandhaka Dose of Shuddha gandhaka - 1 to 8 ratti Preparation of Gandhaka malahara Gandhaka taila (4 methods) Gandhaka kalpa ( 10 methods) Gandhakamla - it’s synonyms, properties and shodhana Amayika proyoga : A mavata , grudrasi , ksaya , twak roga , arsa , gudavikar,etc . 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 17 8. GANDHAKA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

18. Appearance, synonyms and types ( khanija and kritrima ) of hingula Shod h ana process of hingula - adraka swarasa , lakucha swarasa , mahisha dugdha , nimbu swarsa (4 methods) Preparation of hinguladya rasasindura and malahara Daradamrita and its dose (half ratti ) Hinguliya manikya rasa Sri siddha hinguleshwara rasa Chapala - properties, types and sattvapatana (prepared with any visha dravyas ) 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 18 9. HINGULA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

19. Synonyms, types (4), grahya lakshana of abhraka Abhraka shodhana (4)- kanji ( nirvapa method), triphala Kashaya/ godhugda , badara twak kwath , godhugda Dhanyabhraka swarupa and nirmana Abhraka Marana- kushmanda swarasa , nagavalli swarasa , tandulya swarasa,musta swarasa , arkamula swarasa , eranda patra swarasa , mulika swarasa , vatankura swara sa Abhraka bhasma Lohitikarana Amritikarana (3 methods) Sattvapatana A mayika prayoga of Abhrak bhasma : jirna jwara , vataja grahni roga , raktapitta , all types of vataja,pittaja and kaphaj roga , prameha etc. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 19 10. ABHRAKA VIJNANIYA TARANAGA

20. Synonyms, types, grahya lakshana , shodhana , marana , dose and indications of - Haratala Manahshila Gauripashana Sphatika Khatika Sudha Churna Dugdha pashana , Godanti Rasamanikya , Hartala Sattvapatana , Churnodaka (lime water) etc. Hartala bhasma , properties, dose, bhasma pariksha . 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 20 11. TALAKADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

21. Synonyms, types , grahya lakshana , shodhana , marana ,dose and indication of : Shankha Shukti Shambuka Varatika Mrigashringa Samudraphena Preparation of Shankha varti and trirekha vartika 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 21 12. SANKHADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

22. This chapter contains about method of preparation, dosage and indication and amayika properties of the following : Yavakshara , Sajjikshara and Tankana Nimbukamliya Yavaja (sodium citrate) Nimbukamliya sarjika (potassium citrate) Tankanamla (Boric acid) 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 22 13. KSHARATRIKA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

23. This chapter deals with different types of kshara like : Navasadar , suryakshara , apamarga kshara , arka kshara , tila kshara , snuhi kshara , palash kshara,and chincha kshara . Properties of saindhava , samudra , vida , saurvachala , romaka lavana . Lavana kalpana’s - narikela lavana , arka lavana . Preparation method, dose and indication of r omaka lavana (nitric acid), lavana drava (hydrochloric acid). 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 23 14. KSARA VISESADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

24. Defination of swarna dhatu, synonyms, grahya lakshana , properties, dosage and indications of swarna . S amanya shodhana - 3 methods Swarna marana – 5 methods Preparation of Swarna Lavana (Gold salt) Swarna mandala/ varka . Swarna bhasma properties and dose Amayika prayoga : vataj-pittaj-kaphaj-jirna jwara , grahni , pandu , garbhasaya shuddhi , shwasa , apasmara , rajayakshma , rickets, indicated in lactation. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 24 15. SUVARNA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

25. This chapter contains- Synonyms , grahya lakshana Rajata shodhana - 3 methods Rajata marana - 7 methods P roperties, dosage ( quartr to one ratti ) and indications of rajata bhasma Preparation,properties , and usage of Sorakamliya rajata (Silver nitrate) Navasadara bhashpa drava (liquid ammonia) A mayika prayoga - koshtagata vata , suryavarta , garbhashaya sankocha , udara roga , grudrasi , madatyaya , prameha , asamyaka rajah pravrutti 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 25 16. RAJATA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

26. This chapter contains synonyms , grahaya lakshana , types, properties, dose and indication of Tamra . Shodhana – 6 methods Marana – 6 methods Amritikarana – 3 methods Description of Bhunaga satwa . Mayura piccha satwa , Ravitandava rasa, Hrdayarnava rasa, Tryambakeshwara rasa, Suryavarta rasa has been mentioned. Amayika proyoga : To cure murccha , plihodara , sutika roga , amlapitta , hikka,gulma , apasmara , suryavarta , skin diseases etc. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 26 17. TAMRA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

27. Description about Swarna vanga, preparation, properties and usage of it. Synonyms, types, grahya lakshana , properties and dose (1-2 ratti ) Shodhana – 4 methods Marana – 5 methods Description about preparation of “ swarnavanga panchaka rasayana ” specially indicated in shukrameha roga . Amayika prayoga : S hweta pradara , sukra meha , vrana , prameha , in shukra dhatu related disorders . 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 27 18. VANGA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

28. Synonyms, grahya lakshana , properties, dose and indications of Naga and Yashada Preparation and properties and usage of aranaliya sisaka (lead acetate) and kanjikamla (acetic acid) has been mentioned. Shodhana of Naga – 2 methods Shodhana of Yashada – 4 methods Marana of naga – 7 methods Marana of yashada – 4 methods Preparation of Yashadmrita malahara and usage of gandhakamliya Yashad (zinc sulphate). Amayika prayoga of N aga bhasma : related to rakta pradara , rakta arsa , vrikka shotha , pakshaghata etc. Amayika prayoga of Yashad bhasma : to improve the appetite, poor eyesight, allergic rhinitis, ardhava bhedaka etc 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 28 19. SISAKADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

29. This chapter deals with- Synonyms, grahya lakshana , properties Shodhana – 4 methods Marana – 6 methods Dosage and indications of loha (iron) and mandura (iron oxide) 2 methods of mandura shodhana and one marana procedure is explained. Amayika prayoga of loha bhasma : K asa , shwasa , vata -pitta- kapha roga , pandu . Amayika prayoga of mandura Bhasma: kamala, shotha , udara krimi , pandu roga and to improve haemoglobin 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 29 20. LOHADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

30. This chapter deals with- Synonyms grahya lakshana , shodhana , marana , properties, dosage and indications of swarna makshika (copper pyrite), rajata makshika and tuttha (coper sulphate). Artificial preparation of tuttha has been mentioned. Description about Sindoor , Mriddarasringa , kharpara , kanta pashana and kasisa . Amayika prayoga of swarna makshika Bhasma : mutrakruchra , Sandra meha , rajayakshma , garbhini jwara , raktapitta , shula Amayika prayoga of Shuddha kasisa : visarpa , to regularise menstrual flow, to improve rasa dhatu, hikka roga , shwitra kushta etc. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 30 21. UPADHATVADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

31. This chapter contains synonyms, grahya lakshana , shodhana , marana , medicinal properties of : Pittala (brass) and kamsya (bronze). Anjana Timiraharananjana Shilajatu (Black bitumen) Gairika Gairikadya malahara . Gairik amayika prayoga – Indiacted in netra abhishyanda , karnamula shotha , raktapitta , visarpa roga and jirna jwara . 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 31 22. MISRALOHADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

32. This chapter contains medicinal properties, shodhana , marana of : 9 ratnas (gem stones): Heeraka , Manikya , Mukta, Pushpraga , Neelam, Tarkshya , Vaidurya Gomeda , pravala . Kshudra ratna’s are also mentioned as Vaikrant , Suryakant, Chandrakanta, Rajavarta , Perojak , and Sphatika . 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 32 23. RATNA VIJNANIYA TARANGA

33. This chapter deals with shodhana , medicinal properties of herbal origin poisons such as vatsnabha (aconite), kuchla ( nux -vomica), Ahiphena ( papaver somniferoum ), jayapala (croton tiglum ), dhatura (datura metal), bhanga ( cannabia sativa), gunja ( abrus precatorius ), bhallataka ( semicarpus anacardium), karavira ( nerium indicum), langli (gloriosa superba), arka ksheera (latex of calotropis gigantea) and snuhi ksheera (latex of euphorbia nerrifolia ). Described about upavisha . Preparation of kshara sutra, Shodhana of rakta chitraka . Vriddha daraka , nimbu beeja , hingu and guggulu has been highlighted. Krishna sarpa visha - collection, properties and contraindications. Formulations like visuchidwamsana rasa, suchikabharana rasa and mrutasanjeevani rasa mentioned. Lastly they have described regarding period of completion of book (24 th chapter). Quoted as “ Until the sun shines on the earth, until the moon shines in the sky till that time the seeker’s of rasashastra knowledge will keep referring this book” 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 33 24. VISOPAVISADI VIJNANIYA TARANGA

34. Other formulations in this chapter include : V isaprabha vartika Vishatinduka taila A gnitundi vati Mangalodaya vati Nidrodaya rasa Jalodarari rasa Vedanantaka rasa Icchabhedi rasa L akshmivilas rasa Jwarari rasa, Sindurabhushana rasa Pralapantaka rasa Sulanirmulana rasa Vrschikavisahara pralepa Harshodaya vati Anjanabhairava rasa Suptivatari rasa Unmada gajankusa rasa Ahiphenasava Granthishotha nivarika varti 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 34 CONTD….

35. Madnodaya modaka Trailokyavijaya vati Trailokya sammohana rasa Gunjadya taila Gunja jivana rasa Gunjabhadra rasa Karviradya taila Suchika bharan rasa Visuchidhvamsana rasa Mrtasanjivini rasa 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 35 CONTD….

36. It is considered to be the last classical text pertaining to rasashastra written in modern period. Amayika prayoga has been mentioned with proper Dose and Anupana . The author has also mentioned artificial preparation of Hingula , Manahshila , Haratala , Tuttha etc. Lavana kalpana is first explained in R asatarangini i.e narikela lavana , arka lavana , swarna lavana , rajata lavana . Different methods of gandhaka taila preparation are explained. Uses and preparation of swarnamandala is explained. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 36 U NIQUENESS

37. More than two or three shodhana or marana methods have been explained in metals and minerals. Churnodaka nirmana vidhi , properties, dose and amayika prayogas are explained. Dravaka preparations are mentioned in detail. The uniqueness lies in the 24 th chapter where they have mentioned about shodhana , medicinal properties of herbal origin poisons and described about krishna sarpa visha . Grahya lakshana’s of metals and minerals have been mentioned in detail. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 37 CONTD….

38. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 38 RESEARCH ARTICLES

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42. The contents of the text are not organised well . There is lack of series. Pottali preparations are not mentioned . Only few parpati preparations are mentioned. Sikta varga is not mentioned. Vimala, Kampillaka , Kankushta are missing in the text. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 42 LACUNA’S

43. Rasatarangini is a textbook which provides detailed knowledge about basics of metals and minerals and other vargas too. It also gives knowledge about visha dravyas , it’s properties, dose and amayika prayoga . Rasatarangini has its own importance as amayika prayoga’s are not explained elsewhere. Details about a each single metal and mineral and their processes is explained elaborately. The author has explained as per present era which could be useful for practical applications. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 43 OWN VIEWS

44. Rasatarangini provides detail knowledge about grahya lakshana , shodhana marana , bhasma preparation ,dose , amayika prayoga of Parada, Gandhaka , Abhrak , Hingula , Hartala , Manashila , Gauripasana , Sphatika,shankha , shukti , mrgashrunga , varatika , ksharatrika , Dhatu’s such as swarna , rajata , tamra , vanga, naga , loha , Swarna, makshika , rajatmakshika Ratna and upratna , Visha , Upvisha etc. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 44 SUMMARY

45. 04-12-2023 Rasa Tarangini 45 THANK YOU