Rate analysis in civil engineering

Quantity of Coarse, Fine and Cement
Estimation of Labour
Task or out-turn work
Labour output in 8 working hours
Rate of Material and Labour

1. Rate Analysis Quantity Surveying, Estimation & Valuation KC associates

2. Rate Analysis Content Purpose of Rate Analysis Items of Rate Analysis Table for Rate Analysis Quantity of Coarse, Fine and Cement Estimation of Labour Task or out-turn work Labour output in 8 working hours Rate of Material and Labour

3. What is Rate Analysis The basis of arriving at correct or reasonable rate per unit work, for a particular item following its specification and detailed survey of materials, labour, equipment etc. i.e. To reach Rate of Concrete Per CUM , individual cost of followings are considered: Materials(cement, sand, agg , steel, admixture) used for per cum concrete Labour (mason, labor , carpenter) per cum concrete Equipment (vibrator, pump, transit mixer, batching plant cost) per cum concrete

4. Purpose of Rate Analysis To determine the current rate per unit of an item at the locality To examine the viability of rates offered by contractors. To calculate labor strength & equipment required for Project Planning. To fix up labor contract rates.

5. How to fix up rate per Unit of an item? Following subheads are estimated and based on their summation, rate per unit of an item is arrived:-

6. Rate Analysis How to fix up rate per Unit of an item? Quantity of Materials and Cost:- As per detailed specification, quantity of an item is calculated. Based on market rates, per unit rate is arrived. Following cost too is considered:- Freight & transportation, including loading & unloading Taxes & insurance Profit on Cement, steel stone chips and bitumen not included if supplied departmentally. Labour Cost Number and wages of different categories of laborers , (skilled & unskilled) namely mason or carpenter, mazdoor for per unit of item to execute at site. These numbers are multiplied by market rate and labour cost is arrived per UNIT of item.

7. How to fix up rate per Unit of an item? Equipment, Tools and Plant Cost Equipment for General use as per item Example concrete mixer as per unit of concrete Certain tools and plants are difficult to allocate as per the specific item hence their cost are considered in establishment charges For special equipment extra 1% to 1.5% (purchasing) of estimated cost is provided. Overhead & Establishment Charges Office Rent, Depreciation on equipments Salaries of office staff, postage, lighting, travelling, telephone account This is actually 2.5% up to 5% Overhead charges increases with delay in project.

8. How to fix up rate per Unit of an item? Overheads and Establishment Charges There are 2 types of Overheads

9. Profit Generally 10% profit is considered for ordinary contracts, after allocating all charges of equipments , establishments. For small jobs, profit is 15% For large projects Profit is 8%

10. Factoring Affecting the rate analysis Specification of the item Quality of Materials Proportion of materials Method of construction Protection of Work Rate of materials for item of work up to worksite Daily wages of labourer With different categories With localities As per outputs The range of lead and lift require for deposition of materials Percentage charge for overheads Possibility of theft of losses Range of profit Availability of water connection

11. Quantity of Coarse Aggregate, Sand and Cement for various proportion Quantities shall be calculated for 10 cum of concrete. Exact quantities of ingredients cannot be calculated for 10 cum of concrete so there is a thumb rule To calculate dry ingredients for 10 cum of concrete. Each proportional quantity for 10 cum of concrete is multiplied with 15.4 up to 15.7 This 15.4 factor is due to existence of voids. Example: Findout qty of cement, sand and stone chips in 1:2:4 Cement : 1/(1+2+4) x 15.4 = 2.2cum = 3168 kg = 64 bags Sand : 2/(1+2+4) x 15.4 = 4.4 cum = 7.25 tons Stone Chips : 8.8 cum = 18 tons

12. Calculate quantities of Cement, sand and stone chips for 10 cum concrete (variation of 5% is allowed) Volumetric Proportion Cement Dry sand Stone chips (20 -6 mm) cum bags cum cum 1:1:2 3.88 112.3 3.88 7.8 1:1.5:3 2.80 81.2 4.20 8.4 1:2:4 2.20 63.8 4.40 8.8 1:2.5:5 1.81 52.5 4.53 9.1 1:3:6 1.57 45.5 4.71 9.4 1:4:8 1.20 34.8 4.80 9.6 1:5:10 0.98 28.3 4.88 9.8 Quantity of Coarse Aggregate, Sand and Cement for various proportion

13. Material Estimation: Continue…. Quantity of Materials required for different items of works Name of work Per Unit Materials Quantity Brickwork 10 cum 19x9x9 5000 nos Dry cement mortar 3.5 cum Half brick 100 sqm 19x9x9 5000 nos Random rubble masonry 10 cum stone 12.5 cum Dry cement mortar 4.2 cum Ashlar masonry 10 cum stone 12.5 cum Brick soling 10 sqm 19x9x9 425 nos Brick on edge floor 10 sqm 19x9x9 500 nos dry cement mortar 3.5 cum 20 mm DPC 100 sqm cement 27 bags sand 1.8 cum water proof 27 kg Reinforced Brick work 10 cum Bricks 4500 nos Dry cement mortar 4.8 cum Precast terrazo tiles 100 sqm Tiles 110 sqm Cement 13 bags Pigment 46 kgs Lime Terracing on roof 100 sqm Lime 2.1 cum 2:2:7 and 7.5 cm thick Surkhi 2.1 cum Brick ballast 7.5 cum Rani ganj tile roofing 10sqm Tiles 124 nos cement mortar 0.15 cum

14. Material Estimation: Quantity of Materials required for different items of works Name of work Per Unit Materials Quantity   CGI sheet roofing 10 sqm GI sheet 12.8 sqm AC sheet 10 sqm AC sheet 11.5 sqm Neat cement slurry or punning 100 sqm cement 5.5 bags 1.5mm thick         12 mm thick plaster 100 sqm dry mix 1.92 cum Flush pointing plaster 100 sqm dry mix 0.7 cum White wash (single coat) 100 sqm stone lime 10 kg White wash (Double coat) 100 sqm stone lime 30 kg Distempering two coats 100 sqm Dry distemper         1st coat 12 kg     2nd Coat 7.5 kg Primer coat on steel 100 sqm Primer 5.5 litres Primer coat on wood 100 sqm Primer 7.5 litres Painting (2 coats) 100 sqm Paint 12.5 litres Cement Paint with water proof 10 sqm Mixed cement paint 2 litres Spray painting 100 sqm Primer 8.1 litres     Paint 11 litres Wax polishing on new wood 100 sqm Ready made wax polish 5 kg Floating coat of cement 1 Sqm Cement 2.2 kg

15. Labour Estimation: Wages vary as per different classes of labour Length of time required to finish depends on:- Type of work Amount of work Types of skill required Mental development of work man Surrounding area Weather Labour availability (lack/excess) Local customs Local laws

16. Labour Estimation: Task or out-turn work Out-Turn work means the work which can not be finished by using only designated skilled or unskilled labour alone. Both or more types of labour shall be involved to finish the tasks Example : A mason can complete 1.5 cum brick work in 8 hrs (per day) provided he is helped by 2 mazdoors to carry and mix ingredients of mortar and also to carry and place materials.

17. Labour Estimation: Labour Output Continue… Sr. No Item Volume Strength of Gang 1 Cement Concrete in foundation 10 cum 1/4 head masons + 2 mason + 20 mazdoors 2 Concrete in foundation (machine mixed) 10 cum 1/4 head masons + 2 1/2 mason + 12 mazdoors + 2 Bhisti 3 Concrete in RCC work 10 cum 1/2 head masons + 3 mason + 18 mazdoors + 4 Bhisti 4 Brickwork in foundation + Plinth 10 cum 1/2 head masons + 8 masons + 14 mazdoors + 2 Bhisti 5 Brickwork in Ground floor 10 cum 1/2 head masons + 8 masons + 15 mazdoors + 2 Bhisti 6 Brickwork in First Floor 10 cum 1/2 head masons + 9 masons + 18 mazdoors + 2 Bhisti 8 Random Rubble Masonry in foundation + Plinth 10 cum 1/2 head masons + 10 masons + 15 mazdoors 9 Coursed Rubble Masonry in Ground Floor 10 cum 1/2 head masons + 15 masons + 24 Mazdoors 11 12 mm plaster 100 sqm 1/2 head masons + 10 masons + 10 mazdoors 12 75 mm floor concrete 100 sqm 1/2 head masons + 10 masons + 20 mazdoors

18. Labour Estimation: Labour Output Sr. No Items Volume Labour 13 Excavation (1.5m, 30m) in Ordinary Soil 10 cum Mazdoor (3+1/4) 14 Excavation (1.5m, 30m) in Hard rock 10 cum Mazdoor (7+3/4) Note : For additional lead of 30 m, add 1/2 mazdoor 15 Filling in trenches, plinth, sides of foundation in layers no exceeding 200 mm in depth 10 cum Mazdoor (2+1/3) 16 Supplying, fitting, fixing and removing shuttering and staging 10 sqm 3 Carpenter + 4 Mazdoor Note : For shoring add 25% of total labour charge 17 Steel work 100 kg 1 Blacksmith + 1 Mazdoor 18 25 mm DPC concrete 100 sqm 1/2 Head Mason + 8 Mason + 8 Mazdoor + 1 Bhisti

19. Analysis of Rates for Earthwork: 1 Earthwork in excvation in trenches for foundations and for pipes, cables (not exceeding 1.5 m width) (lift 1.5m, lead 30 m, ordinary soil) For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Mazdoor 3.25 450 1462.5 Water 1% 14.625 Profit and Over head 10% 147.71 Total 1624.83 Per cum 162.48 2 Earthwork in excvation in trenches for foundations and for pipes, cables (not exceeding 1.5 m width) (lift 1.5m, lead 30 m, dense soil) For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Mazdoor 5 450 2250 Water 1% 22.5 Profit and Over head 10% 227.25 Total 2499.75 Per cum 249.97

20. Analysis of Rates for Earthwork: 3 Earthwork in excvation in trenches for foundations and for pipes, cables (not exceeding 1.5 m width) (lift 1.5m, lead 30 m, dense soil) With Shoring For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Mazdoor 5 450 2250 Shoring labour 25% 562.5 Water 1% 28.125 Profit and Over head 10% 284.0625 3124.688 Per cum Total 312.4688 4 Filling available excavated earth in trenches, plinth sides of foundations in layers ( 200 mm) consolidating layer by layer and watering (lift 1.5m, lead 50 m, dense soil) For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Mazdoor 2.33 450 1050 Water 1% 10.5 Profit and Over head 10% 106.05 Total 1166.55 Per cum 116.65

21. Analysis of Rates for Earthwork: 5 Filling in plinth with local sand under floors including, ramming, consolidating and dressing complete For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Head mason 0.083333 600 50 Mazdoor 2.5 450 1125 Fine sand 10 400 4000 Water 1% 51.75 Profit and Over head 10% 522.675 Total 5749.42 Per cum 574.94 6 One brick layer flat soling joints filled with local sand For 10 sqm Particulars Qty Rate Amount Mason 0.8 600 480 Mazdoor 1.6 450 720 Bricks 1500 6.4 9600 Sand 0.373 400 149.2 Contigencies (lump sum) 0.50% 54.746 Water 1% 110.0395 Profit and Over head 10% 1111.399 Total 12225.38 Per sqm 1222.53

22. Analysis of Rates for Concrete work (No steel inside) 7 Cement Concrete 1:4:8 with graded stone ballast 40 mm down in foundation For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Head mason 0.25 800 200 Mason 2 600 1200 Mazdoor 20 450 9000 Stone Ballast 9.6 1200 11520 Sand 4.8 400 1920 Cement 35 350 12250 Contigencies (lump sum) 0.50% 180.45 Water 1% 360.7045 Profit and Over head 10% 3663.115 Total 40294.27 Per cum 4029.427

23. Analysis of Rates for Concrete work (No steel inside) 8 Cement Concrete 1:2:4 with graded stone chips from 20 mm down to mm for RCC works excluding shuttering and Reinforcement For 10 cum Particulars Qty Rate Amount Head mason 0.25 800 200 Mason 2 600 1200 Mazdoor 20 450 9000 Stone Ballast 8.8 1200 10560 Sand 4.4 400 1760 Cement 64 350 22400 Contigencies (lump sum) 0.50% 225.6 Water 1% 451.456 Profit and Over head 10% 4579.706 Total 50376.76 Per cum 5037.676

24. Supplying, fitting, fixing and removing shuttering and staging Timber (wood) shuttering (form work) can be used max 12 times. Steel form work can be used 40 times. At the end of the life, scrap value is 8% to 12% Calculate cost of shuttering materials new purchased, deduct scrap value and divide balance into 12 months period or 40 months period Continue…

25. Supplying, fitting, fixing and removing shuttering and staging 8 Consider a room = 5 x 4 with an intermediate T beam 250 x 200 wide web. Height of room is 3.5 m. Area of shuttering (a) For beam = (0.25x2+0.2)x4 = 2.8 sqm (b) For Slab = 5 x 4 - (0.2 x 4) =19.2 sqm Total Area = 22 sqm Particulars Quantity Rate Amount Shuttering 1.139 55000 62645 96.6 433 41827.8 Scrap Value -10% -10447.3 For 12 times 94025.52 For one time 7835.46 Head Carpenter 1.5 800 1200 Carpenter 3 600 1800 Mazdoor 6 450 2700 Carriage within a town 2.278 120 273.36 Nails 0.50% 39.1773 Contingencies 0.50% 69.23999 Over and Profit 10% 1391.724 One time use cost for 22 SQM 15308.96 So for 10 sqm is 6958.619 So for 1 sqm is 695.8619

26. Supplying, fitting, fixing and removing shuttering and staging 9 Shuttering (2.5x2.5x1) for footing using wooden form work Particulars Quantity Rate Amount Materials Side Planks 0.25 54000 13500 Side Cleats 0.0384 54000 2073.6 Horizontal Cleats 0.096 54000 5184 Inclined battons 0.0384 54000 2073.6 Purchasing cost of Steel Formwork     22831.2 Value after Scrap value deduction     20548.08 Formwork is used 12 time, so one time cost     1712.34 Nails (1%) 5% 85.617 Carrige labor 0.4228 150 63.42 Labour Carpenter 1 600 600 Mazdoor 2 450 900 Contingencies 0.50% 16.81 water charges 1% 33.78 Profit and Over head 10% 341.20 Total cost for 10 SQM     3753.16 Per square Meter     375.32

27. Analysis of Rate for RCC work RCC work analysis 11 RCC work 1:1.5:3 for Beam with 2.0% steel Consider 10 cum concrete. Steel = 10*2/100 = 0.2 cum = 1570 kg. Binding Wire = 1% of 1570 = 15.7 kg Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Material Stone chips 20 mm down 8.4 850 7140 Sand 4.2 1050 4410 Cement 81 350 28242.07 Steel 1570 57 89490 Binding Wire (1 kg per 100 kg) 15.7 67 1051.9 Shuttering Material on hire 5% 6516.699 b Labour For concrete :- Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 3 600 1800 Mazdoor 23 450 10350 For Steel:- Black Smith 16 450 7200 Mazdoor helper 16 450 7200 For Shuttering:- Carpenter 10 600 6000 Mazdoor 10 450 4500 (a+b) 174300.7 c Contingencies (0.5% of (a+b)) 0.50% 871.5034 d water charges (1% of (a+b+c)) 1% 1751.722 Profit and Overhead (10% of (a+b+c+d)) 10% 17692.39 Total cost per 10 cum   329124.9 Total Cost per cum 32912.4

28. Analysis of Rate for RCC work RCC work analysis 12 RCC work 1:2:4 for lintel with 0.9% steel. Consider 10 cum concrete Steel = 10*0.9/100 = 0.09 cum = 707 kg. Binding Wire = 1% of 707 = 7 kg Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Material Stone chips 20 mm down 8.8 850 7480 Sand 4.4 1050 4620 Cement 63 350 22190.2 Steel 707 57 40299 Binding Wire (1 kg per 100 kg) 7.07 67 473.69 Shuttering Material on hire 5% 3753.145 b Labour For concrete :- Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 3 600 1800 Mazdoor 23 450 10350 For Steel:- Black Smith 7 450 3150 Mazdoor helper 7 450 3150 For Shuttering:- Carpenter 7 600 4200 Mazdoor 7 450 3150 (a+b) 105016 c Contingencies (0.5% of (a+b)) 0.50% 525.0802 d water charges (1% of (a+b+c)) 1% 1055.411 Profit and Overhead (10% of (a+b+c+d)) 10% 10659.65 Total cost per 10 cum     187982 Total cost per cum     18798.2

29. Analysis of Rate for reinforcement work 9 Providing TOR steel for RCC work including binding, placing in position up to two floor level Particulars Quantity Rate Amount Material TOR Steel 100 46 4600 wastage 5% 5% 230 Binding Wire 1 45 45 Labour Black Smith 1 450 450 Mazdoor helper 1 450 450 Contingencies 0.50% 28.875 water charges 1% 58.03875 Profit and Overhead 10% 586.1914   Total   6448.105 Per 1 kg – 64.048/-

30. Rate Analysis Analysis of Rate for Steel work in RCC work 10 Cold twisted reinforcement in RCC work for a slab of 10 x 10 10 mm dia steel at 10 cm centre to centre and mm at 20 cm centre to centre in roof slab Consider 25% and 5% extra steel due to extension in second continuous slab and hooks or bends respectively Total Length for 10 mm dia = (1000/10 x10) x (1+0.25+0.05) = 1300 m Wt of 10 mm dia = 802 kg Total Length for 6 mm dia = (1000/20 x10) x (1+0.05) = 525 m Wt of 6 mm dia = 116.6667 kg Total weight of reinforcement = 919 kg Particulars Quantity Rate Amount Material TOR Steel 919 46 42280.25 wastage 5% 5% 2114.012 Binding Wire (0.8 kg per 100 kg) 7.352 45 330.84 Labour Black Smith 9 450 4050 Mazdoor helper 9 450 4050 Contingencies 0.50% 264.1255 water charges 1% 530.8922 Profit and Overhead 10% 5362.012   Total   58982.13 Steel in Slab per SQM = 0.96 kg

31. Analysis of Rate for Brick work 13 First Class Brickwork Masonry (1:4) in superstructure, Ground Floor Consider 10 cum Particulars Quantitity Rate Amount a Materials Bricks (19x9x9) 5000 6.4 32000 Sand 2.86 1050 3003 Cement 21 350 7350 Scaffolding 0.50% 211.765 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 2 600 1200 Mazdoor 17 450 7650 c Contingencies 0.50% 259.0738 d Water Charge 1% 520.7384 e Overhead and Profit 10% 5259.458 f Total per 10 cum 57854.03 Toal per cum 5785.403 Note : Wet mortar quantity shall be added 15% extra due to frog filling. To calculate dry mortar 1/3 on overall shall be added. Then we can proceed for quantity of sand and cement

32. Analysis of Rate for Brick work Note : Wet mortar quantity shall be added 15% extra due to frog filling. To calculate dry mortar 1/3 on overall shall be added. Then we can proceed for quantity of sand and cement 14 First Class Brickwork Masonry (1:6) in superstructure, First Floor Consider 10 cum Particulars Quantitity Rate Amount a Materials Bricks (19x9x9) 5000 6.4 32000 Sand 3 1050 3150 Cement 15 350 5250 Scaffolding 0.50% 202 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 9 600 5400 Mazdoor 20 450 9000 c Contingencies 0.50% 277.01 d Water Charge 1% 556.7901 e Overhead and Profit 10% 5623.58 f Total per 10 cum 61859.38 Toal per cum 6185.938

33. Analysis of Rate for Brick work Note : Wet mortar quantity shall be added 15% extra due to frog filling. To calculate dry mortar 1/3 on overall shall be added. Then we can proceed for quantity of sand and cement 15 Second Class Brickwork Masonry (1:6) in Foundation and Plinth Consider 10 cum Particulars Quantitity Rate Amount a Materials Bricks (19x9x9) 5000 6.4 32000 Sand 3 1050 3150 Cement 15 350 5250 Scaffolding 0.50% 202 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 8 600 4800 Mazdoor 16 450 7200 c Contingencies 0.50% 265.01 d Water Charge 1% 532.6701 e Overhead and Profit 10% 5379.968 f Total per 10 cum 59179.65 Toal per cum 5917.965

34. Analysis of Rate for Stone Masonry work Prepare Rubble masonry analysis for 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 16 Random Rubble Masonry (1:6) in foundation and Plinth Consider 10 cum. Mortar Volume is 4.2 cum. Cement = 17 bags, Sand = 3.6 cum Particulars Quantitity Rate Amount a Materials Stone (undressed) 12.5 636 7950 Sand 3.6 1050 3780 Cement 17 350 5950 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 10 600 6000 Mazdoor 19 450 8550 c Contingencies 0.50% 163.15 d Water Charge 1% 327.9315 e Overhead and Profit 10% 3312.108 f Total per 10 cum 36433.19 Toal per cum 3643.319

35. Analysis of Rate for Stone Masonry work Prepare Rubble masonry analysis for 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 17 Random Rubble Masonry (1:6) in superstructure Consider 10 cum. Mortar Volume is 4.2 cum. Cement = 17 bags, Sand = 3.6 cum Particulars Quantitity Rate Amount a Materials Stone (undressed) 12.5 636 7950 Sand 3.6 1050 3780 Cement 17 350 5950 Scaffolding 1.00% 336.80 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 11 600 6600 Mazdoor 20 450 9000 c Contingencies 0.50% 170.084 d Water Charge 1% 341.8688 e Overhead and Profit 10% 3452.875 f Total per 10 cum 37981.63 Toal per cum 3798.163

36. Analysis of Rate for Stone Masonry work Prepare Rubble masonry analysis for 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 18 Coursed Rubble Masonry (1:6) in foundation and Plinth Consider 10 cum. Dry Mortar Volume is 4.0 cum. Cement = 17 bags, Sand = 3.4 cum Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Materials Stone 11.7 865 10120.5 Sand 3.42 1050 3591 Cement 17 350 5950 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 15 600 9000 Mazdoor 24 450 10800 c Contingencies 0.50% 199.3075 d Water Charge 1% 400.6081 e Overhead and Profit 10% 4046.142 f Total per 10 cum 44507.56 Toal per cum 4450.756

37. Analysis of Rate for Stone Masonry work Prepare Rubble masonry analysis for 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 19 Coursed Rubble Masonry (1:6) in superstructure Consider 10 cum. Mortar Volume is 4 cum. Cement = 17 bags, Sand = 3.4 cum Particulars Quantitity Rate Amount a Materials Stone 11.7 865 10120.5 Sand 3.42 1050 3591 Cement 17 350 5950 Scaffolding 1.00% 196.62 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 17 600 10200 Mazdoor 28 450 12600 c Contingencies 0.50% 215.2906 d Water Charge 1% 432.7341 e Overhead and Profit 10% 4370.614 f Total per 10 cum 48076.75 Toal per cum 4807.675

38. Analysis of Rate Damp Proof Course 20 20 mm thick cement mortar 1:2 damp proof course For 100 sqm Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Materials Cement 27 350 9450 Sand 1.8 1050 1890 Water Proofing compound (2% by cement wt ) 27 190 5130 Form work 1% 164.7 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 5 600 3000 Mazdoor 6 450 2700 Contingencies 0.50% 113.67 Water Charges 1% 228.48 Profit and Overhead 10% 2307.69 Total cost per 100 sqm 25384.54 Total cost per 1 sqm 253.84

39. Analysis of Rate Damp Proof Course 21 2.5 cm thick cement concrete 1:2:4 damp proof course For 100 sqm Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Materials Cement 16 350 5600 Sand 1.1 1050 1155 Stone Chips 2.2 850 1870 Water Proofing compound (3% by cement wt) 24 190 4560 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Masons 8 600 4800 Mazdoors 9 450 4050 Contingencies 0.50% 112.175 Water charges 1.00% 225.4718 Profit and Overhead 10.00% 2277.265 Total cost per 100 sqm 25049.91 Total cost per sqm 250.5

40. Analysis of Rate Plastering Note : Increase wet volume by 20% due to extra filling of depression, joints, wastage on wall surface. Then increase this volume by 1/3 rd to get dry volume of mortar generally for 1:4 to 1:6. But in case on 1:2 and 1:3 the dry mortar volume shall be reduced by 3% as compared to above calculated because the voids in sand is lesser. Calculate for 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 for 12 mm thick plaster Calculate for 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 for 20 mm thick plaster 22 Cement Plaster 12 mm thick 1:6 on new brickwork Consider 100 sqm Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Materials Cement 8 350 2800 Sand 1.64 1050 1722 Scaffolding 1% 176.72 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 10 600 6000 Mazdoor 15 450 6750 Contingencies 0.50% 89.2436 Water charges 1% 179.3796 Over head and profit 10% 1811.734 Total cost per 100 sqm 19929.08 Total cost per sqm 199.29

41. Analysis of Rate Plastering 23 Cement Plastering of 6 mm thickness 1:3 on ceiling. Consider 100 sqm area Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Materials Cement 7 350 2450 Sand 0.7182 1050 754.11 Scaffolding 1% 150.0411 b Labour Head Mason 0.5 800 400 Mason 10 600 6000 Mazdoor 12 450 5400 Contingencies 0.50% 75.77 Water Charges 1% 152.30 Overhead and Profit 10% 1538.22 Total cost per 100 sqm 16920.44 Total cost per Sqm 169.20

42. Analysis of Rate for Road Works 24 Earthwork in excavation from borrow pits Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Labour Mazdoor for cutting and placing 1.5 350 525 Mazdoor for loading and unloading 2 350 700 Mazdoor for rough dressing 0.2 350 70 Contingency 0.50% 6.48 Water 1% 13.01 Overhead and Profit 10% 131.45 Total cost per 10 cum 1445.94 Total cost per 1 cum 144.59 24 Earthwork in excavation from borrow pits by using JCB machine (NOT in COURSE ) Particulars Quantity Rate Amount a Equipment JCB 0.083333 2000 166.67 JCB operators 0.083333 500 41.67 Fuel 4.166667 70 291.67 Helper 0.083333 350 29.17 Contingencies charges 0.50% 2.65 Water Charges 1% 5.32 Over head and Profit 10% 53.71 Total Cost per 10 cum 590.84 Total cost per 1 cum 59.08

43. Analysis of Rate for Flooring, Wood, road etc Not complete yet, Will discuss some more after valuation chapter