RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY- REBT.pptx

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy is a subtype of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. This therapy is an action oriented approach and helps people to recognize their irrational beliefs and negative thinking pattern. REBT helps to alter those irrational beliefs and negative thinking pattern.

1. RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY- REBT PRESENTER - RANJANI H. G. VAKODA I MPHIL PSW DEPARTMENT DIMHANS DHRWAD CHAIR PERSON- Mr. ANANTHARAMU B. G. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DIMAHANS DHARWAD

2. ORDER OF PRESENTATION Introduction History Main Beliefs Core Model Common irrational thinking and techniques used for REBT Steps used in REBT Benefits and Effectiveness of REBT Applications and interfaces Summary

3. INTRODUCTION Rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) is a type of  cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)  developed by psychologist   Albert Ellis . REBT is an action-oriented approach that’s focused on helping people deal with irrational beliefs and learn how to manage their  emotions , thoughts, and behaviours in a healthier, more realistic way. When people hold irrational beliefs about themselves or the world, problems can result. REBT helps people recognize and alter those beliefs and  negative thinking patterns   in order to overcome psychological problems and mental distress.

4. HISTORY Rational emotive behaviour therapy was created and developed by the  American   psychotherapist  and  psychologist   Albert Ellis , who was inspired by many of the teachings of  Asian ,  Greek ,  Roman  and modern philosophers. REBT is a form of  cognitive behavioral therapy  (CBT) and was first expounded by Ellis in the mid-1950s; development continued until his death in 2007.  He first presented his ideas at a conference of the American Psychological Association in 1956   then published a seminar article in 1957 entitled "Rational psychotherapy and individual psychology", in which he set the foundation for what he was calling rational therapy (RT). This was around a decade before psychiatrist  Aaron Beck   first set forth his " cognitive therapy ", after Ellis had contacted him in the mid-1960s. Ellis' own approach was renamed  Rational Emotive Therapy  in 1959, then the current term in 1992.

5. MAIN BELIEFS Rational emotive behaviour therapy operates under a few main beliefs. The three main beliefs of REBT are: You are worthy of self-acceptance no matter what even when you struggle or make mistakes; there is no need for shame or guilt. Others are also worthy of acceptance, even when their behaviour involves something that you don’t like. Negative things will sometimes happen in life, and that doesn’t mean that things are happening in a way they shouldn’t be. Life is not positive all of the time, and there’s no rational reason to expect it to be.

6. A-B-C MODEL A core concept of REBT is the ABC model. This model explains how, while we may blame external events for our unhappiness, it is our  interpretation  of these events that truly lies at the heart of our psychological distress. "ABC" is an acronym for: A :   Activating event, which is when something happens in the environment around you B : Belief, which describes your thoughts about the event or situation C : Consequence, which is your emotional response to your belief

7. A-B-C MODEL One of the articles says 6 core components rather than 3 core components. In REBT, clients usually learn and begin to apply this premise by learning the  A-B-C - D-E-F  model of  psychological  disturbance and change. The following letters represent the following meanings in this model A= A dversity B=  B eliefs about adversity C= Emotional  C onsequences D=  D isputations to challenge beliefs about adversity E=  E ffective new rational beliefs F= New  F eelings

8. Common irrational thinking addressed with REBT An important step in the therapeutic process is recognizing the underlying beliefs that lead to psychological distress. In many cases, these are reflected as absolutes, as in "I must," "I should," or "I can’t." Some of the most common irrational beliefs addressed in rational emotive behaviour therapy include: Feeling excessively upset over other people’s mistakes or misconduct Believing that you must be perfectly competent and successful in everything to be valued and worthwhile

9. Common irrational thinking addressed with REBT Believing that you will be happier if you avoid life’s difficulties or challenges Feeling that you have no control over your own happiness; that your contentment and joy are dependent upon external forces Holding unyielding beliefs like these makes it almost impossible to respond to activating situations in a psychologically healthy way. Possessing rigid expectations of ourselves and others only leads to disappointment, recrimination, regret, and anxiety.

10. Techniques used in Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy A therapist following the REBT framework may use one or more techniques to help a person achieve their goals. The central technique is what practitioners call “ disputing .” Therapists can break disputing down into different types,  including : Logical disputes : These question the logic of a person’s thinking process. Functional disputes : These question whether the belief will help a person achieve a goal. Philosophical disputes : The person considers whether some pleasure can come anyway despite the negative event. Empirical disputes : The person questions whether the facts of the event are accurate.

11. Steps to conduct REBT Assessment Education Identify and dispute irrational beliefs Develop rational beliefs Behavioural techniques Reinforce and maintain change Self monitoring and home work Termination Follow up

12. Steps to conduct REBT Assessment Initial Evaluation: Begin with an assessment of the client's emotional and behavioral issues. Understand their presenting problems, thoughts, and feelings. Identify Irrational Beliefs: Work with the client to identify specific irrational beliefs that contribute to their distress. These are often characterized by absolutist thinking (e.g., "I must be perfect," "Others must treat me the way I want"). Education Explain the REBT Model: Educate the client about the REBT model, including the ABCDE framework

13. Steps to conduct REBT Identify and Dispute Irrational Beliefs Help the client identify their irrational beliefs and challenge their validity. Use logical, empirical, and pragmatic arguments to dispute these beliefs. Use questions to guide the client in examining the evidence for and against their beliefs. Develop Rational Beliefs Assist the client in formulating more rational and flexible beliefs that are based on reality and promote emotional well-being. Encourage the client to internalize these new beliefs and recognize their ability to manage their thoughts and feelings.

14. Steps to conduct REBT Behavioral Techniques Implement behavioral experiments to test the validity of the new beliefs and to encourage behaviour change. Gradually expose the client to situations they fear or avoid, using new, rational beliefs to cope effectively. Reinforce and Maintain Change Regularly review progress with the client and reinforce the use of rational beliefs in various situations. Develop strategies to handle setbacks and maintain the gains achieved through therapy.

15. Steps to conduct REBT Self-Monitoring and Homework Provide assignments that encourage the client to practice new skills and beliefs outside of therapy sessions. Encourage the client to monitor their thoughts, emotions, and behaviours to increase self-awareness and track progress. Termination Assess the client's progress towards their goals and readiness for termination. Ensure the client has a clear understanding of the skills learned and how to apply them independently. Follow-Up Arrange periodic follow-up sessions to review progress and address any ongoing issues.

16. Benefits of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy When developing REBT, Ellis’s goal was to create an action-oriented approach to  psychotherapy  that produced results by helping people manage their emotions, cognitions, and behaviours. Indeed, research suggests that REBT is effective at reducing irrational beliefs and changing behaviour. We see the same results in sports psychology, where REBT can decrease irrational beliefs and reduce anxiety for athletes. Overall, REBT offers several behavioral benefits, like: Reduced feelings of anger, anxiety, depression, and distress Improved health and quality of life Better school performance and social skills

17. Effectiveness of REBT Research has shown that REBT can be an effective form of therapy. In a  2017 review , researchers analysed 50 years’ worth of studies and metadata pertaining to REBT. They conclude that REBT provides a valid intervention for people by helping them restructure how they respond to events. A  2016 study looked at how REBT could help the  mental health  of athletes. The authors note that REBT can help an athlete perform better and improve their overall mental health. Another  2016 study  showed that REBT could be an effective tool for social workers. After a year of use, people working with their social workers visited their doctors less frequently and reduced their use of prescription medications.

18. Applications and Interfaces Applications and interfaces of REBT are used with a broad range of clinical problems in traditional psychotherapeutic settings such as individual-,  group - and  family therapy . It is used as a general treatment for a vast number of different conditions and psychological problems normally associated with  psychotherapy . In addition, REBT is used with non-clinical problems and problems of living through  counselling , consultation and coaching settings dealing with problems including relationships, social skills, career changes,  stress management , assertiveness training, grief, problems with aging, money, weight control etc. More recently, the reported use of REBT in sport and exercise settings has grown, with the efficacy of REBT demonstrated across a range of sports.

19. Applications and Interfaces REBT also has many interfaces and applications through self-help resources, phone and internet counseling, workshops & seminars, workplace and educational programmes, etc. This includes Rational Emotive Education (REE) where REBT is applied in education settings, Rational Effectiveness Training in business and work-settings and  SMART Recovery  (Self-Management And Recovery Training) in supporting those in addiction recovery, in addition to a wide variety of specialized treatment strategies and applications.

20. Summary REBT is a type of CBT which was developed by Albert Ellis Aims to change the irrational beliefs and negative thinking pattern of the individuals ABC model is the core component for REBT Various research shows that REBT has well benefits and efficacy to treat the individuals with stress, anxiety and such psychological problems

21. Reference David D, Cotet C, Matu S, Mogoase C, Stefan S.  50 years of rational-emotive and cognitive-behavioral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis .  J Clin Psychol . 2018;74(3):304-318. doi:10.1002/jclp.22514 Jenna Fletcher on May 31, 2022 Medically reviewed by Jeffrey Ditzel What to know about Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/rational-emotive-behavioural-therapy Kendra Cherry, MSEd  Updated on January 12, 2024 what is Rational Emotive Therapy (REBT)? https://www.verywellmind.com/rational-emotive-behavior-therapy-2796000 Martin J. Turner Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT), Irrational and Rational Beliefs, and the Mental Health of Athletes PMCID: PMC5028385 PMID: 27703441 Published online 2016 September 20 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5028385/ Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_emotive_behavior_therapy

22. Thank you