Reading skills

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1. READING SKILLSREADING SKILLS
Mr. Jivhesh R. SaliMr. Jivhesh R. Sali
(Asstt. Professor)(Asstt. Professor)
Section of Extension EducationSection of Extension Education
S.V.G.I. College of Horticulture, Jalgaon S.V.G.I. College of Horticulture, Jalgaon
(Ja.)(Ja.)

2. Reading skills Reading skills
IntroductionIntroductionReading skills enable readers Reading skills enable readers
to turn writing into meaning and achieve the to turn writing into meaning and achieve the
goals of goals of independenceindependence, , comprehensioncomprehension, and , and
fluencyfluency..

3. DefinitionDefinition
Reading skills are specific abilities which Reading skills are specific abilities which
enable a reader enable a reader
to read the written form as meaningful to read the written form as meaningful
language language
to read anything written with to read anything written with
independence, comprehension and independence, comprehension and
fluency, and fluency, and
to mentally interact with the message. to mentally interact with the message.

4. OROR
Reading skills acquisitionReading skills acquisition is the is the
process of acquiring the basic skills process of acquiring the basic skills
necessary for learning to read; that is, the necessary for learning to read; that is, the
ability to acquire meaning from print.ability to acquire meaning from print.

5. Skills required for proficient readingSkills required for proficient reading
Phonemic awarenessPhonemic awareness : The ability to : The ability to
distinguish and manipulate the individual distinguish and manipulate the individual
sounds of language. The broader term, sounds of language. The broader term,
phonological awareness, also includes phonological awareness, also includes
rhymesrhymes, , syllablessyllables, and , and onsetsonsets..
 PhonicsPhonics: Method that stresses the : Method that stresses the
acquisition of letter-sound acquisition of letter-sound
correspondences and their use in reading correspondences and their use in reading
and spelling. and spelling.

6. FluencyFluency: The ability to read orally with speed, : The ability to read orally with speed,
accuracy, and vocal expression. accuracy, and vocal expression.

VocabularyVocabulary: A critical aspect of reading : A critical aspect of reading
comprehension is vocabulary development. comprehension is vocabulary development.
When a reader encounters an unfamiliar word in When a reader encounters an unfamiliar word in
print and decodes it to derive its spoken print and decodes it to derive its spoken
pronunciation, the reader understands the word pronunciation, the reader understands the word
if it is in the reader's spoken vocabulary. if it is in the reader's spoken vocabulary.
Otherwise, the reader must derive the meaning Otherwise, the reader must derive the meaning
of the word using another strategy, such as of the word using another strategy, such as
context. context.

7. Reading ComprehensionReading Comprehension :The NRP :The NRP
(National Reading Panel) describes (National Reading Panel) describes
comprehension as a complex cognitive comprehension as a complex cognitive
process in which a reader intentionally process in which a reader intentionally
and interactively engages with the text.and interactively engages with the text.
 Rapid automatized namingRapid automatized naming : The : The
ability to quick say the name of both ability to quick say the name of both
letters, objects and colors predicts an letters, objects and colors predicts an
individual's ability to read.individual's ability to read.

8. Chall's Stages of Reading Chall's Stages of Reading
DevelopmentDevelopment
 Stage 0. PrereadingStage 0. Prereading :: The learner gains :: The learner gains
familiarity with the language and its sounds. familiarity with the language and its sounds.
Typically developing readers achieve this stage Typically developing readers achieve this stage
about the age of 6.about the age of 6.
Stage 1. Initial reading stage, or Stage 1. Initial reading stage, or
decoding stagedecoding stage: The learner becomes aware : The learner becomes aware
of the relationship between sounds and letters of the relationship between sounds and letters
and begins applying the knowledge to text. and begins applying the knowledge to text.
Typically developing readers usually reach this Typically developing readers usually reach this
stage by the age of 6 or 7. stage by the age of 6 or 7.

9. Stage 2. ConfirmationStage 2. Confirmation: This stage involves : This stage involves
confirming the knowledge acquired in the confirming the knowledge acquired in the
previous two stages and gaining fluency in those previous two stages and gaining fluency in those
skills. Decoding skills continue to improve, and skills. Decoding skills continue to improve, and
they begin to develop speed in addition to they begin to develop speed in addition to
accuracy in word recognition. Typically accuracy in word recognition. Typically
developing readers usually reach this stage developing readers usually reach this stage
around the age of 8. If the developing reader around the age of 8. If the developing reader
stops making progress during this stage, the stops making progress during this stage, the
individual remains, in Chall's words, "glued to individual remains, in Chall's words, "glued to
the print." the print."

10. Stage 3. Reading to learnStage 3. Reading to learn:At this stage, the :At this stage, the
motivation for reading changes. The reader has motivation for reading changes. The reader has
enough reading skill to begin to read text in enough reading skill to begin to read text in
order to gain information. Typically developing order to gain information. Typically developing
children usually achieve this stage in around the children usually achieve this stage in around the
age of 9. age of 9.
Stage 4. Multiple viewpointsStage 4. Multiple viewpoints: The reader at : The reader at
this stage begins to be able to analyze what they this stage begins to be able to analyze what they
read, understand different points of view, and read, understand different points of view, and
react critically to what they read. Typical readers react critically to what they read. Typical readers
are developing this skill set during the high are developing this skill set during the high
school years, around ages 14 to 19. school years, around ages 14 to 19.

11. Stage 5. Construction and Stage 5. Construction and
judgmentjudgment:At this stage, readers have :At this stage, readers have
learned to read selectively and form their learned to read selectively and form their
own opinions about what they read; they own opinions about what they read; they
construct their knowledge from that of construct their knowledge from that of
others. others.

12. Top 10 Ways to Improve Top 10 Ways to Improve
Reading SkillsReading Skills
1. Set aside a regular time to read 1. Set aside a regular time to read
to every day.to every day.
2. Kept your Surround with reading 2. Kept your Surround with reading
material.material.
3. Have a family reading time.3. Have a family reading time.
4. Encourage a wide variety of 4. Encourage a wide variety of
reading activities.reading activities.
5. Develop the library habit.5. Develop the library habit.

13. 6. Be knowledgeable about your6. Be knowledgeable about your
reading progress.reading progress.
7. Get help promptly for reading 7. Get help promptly for reading
problems.problems.
8. Show enthusiasm for your 8. Show enthusiasm for your
readingreading