Red Data book & Migration extempore for class 8 cbse science

NOTE for 8

1. RED DATA BOOK
The Red Data Book refers to a document maintained by a state or a nation that is
established to record and document the rare and endangered species of plants and
animals. The Red Data Book helps to provide detailed information for studies and
research regarding the endangered species and subspecies of animals. In addition to that
it also helps in coordinating and developing monitoring programs on these endangered
and rare species. It helps in designing effective measures to protect various endangered
species.
The Red Data Book is maintained by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of
Nature). This organisation had been founded in the year 1965.
Advantages of the Red Data Book
 It can be used to estimate the total population of any given species of plant or animal.
 It can be used to find out the conservation status of any species.
 It can be used to evaluate the risk of endangerment of any species of animals, plants
or fungi at any given time.
 It can be beneficial in developing a conservation plan for an endangered species of
animals or plants.
MIGRATION
 The movement of organisms in large numbers from one place to another place is
termed as migration. The term migration is mainly used to define regular and
periodic movements of population away from or back to their place of origin
 Factors of Migration
Reasons for migration can be categorised into 2 factors:
 Push Factors – These are reasons for leaving a place, which is called emigrating,
because of certain difficulties like food shortage, flood, calamities, etc.
Pull Factors – These are reasons for moving into a place, which is called immigrating,
because of abundance in food supply, a better climate, etc.
 The birds fly to far away areas every year during a particular time because of
climatic changes.
 They fly for laying eggs as the weather in their natural habitat becomes cold and
inhospitable.
 Birds which cover long distances to reach another land are known as MIGRATORY
BIRDS.
 Arctic Tern is the bird that migrates from the north pole to the south pole and
back.
 Great Siberian crane, Black-headed gull, Green Sandpiper, Northern Lapwing, etc
are some other examples of migratory birds.