Reian lao-Cognitive Development and Reading.pptx

cognitive development

1. Cognitive Development and Reading  Prepared  by:Reian  Lao

2. Cognitive Development and Reading  Cognitive development involves the growth of intellectual abilities like reasoning and problem-solving, shaped by genetics and experiences. Reading, a complex cognitive activity, enhances language skills, fosters critical thinking, improves memory and attention, promotes deep understanding across domains, and stimulates imagination and empathy through diverse narratives. It plays a crucial role in shaping cognitive abilities and intellectual growth from childhood through adulthood.

3. Two influential proponents of cognitive development and reading are: Jean Piaget: Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasized the importance of children's active engagement with their environment in constructing knowledge. He described stages of cognitive development from infancy through adolescence, highlighting how children's interactions with books and language contribute to their intellectual growth. Lev Vygotsky: Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of cognitive development emphasized the role of social interaction, cultural tools (such as language), and the zone of proximal development (ZPD) in children's learning. Vygotsky viewed literacy development as deeply intertwined with social and cultural contexts, emphasizing the importance of dialogue and collaboration in children's cognitive growth through reading and other literacy activities.

4. What is Cognitive? How People think and understand. Comes from a Latin word cognitio -, from conoscere which means “get to know” Concerned with acquisition of knowledge  (Microsoft Encarta, (2009).

5. Reading and Cognitive Development Researches conducted by Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky have shown that language and thought interact with each other, and that  children go through five stages of development. Stage 1: Sensorimotor Period- Birth 2 years old The child: Explores the world through his five senses. Is initially not able to represent things in his mind. Develops object permanence Learns by adaptation to environment.

6. Reading in the Sensorimotor period The child: Is interested in picture books.

7. Stage 2: Preoperational or Preconceptual Period- Birth 2-4 years old The Child: Explores the world around him. Experiments with things in hi environment. Imitates adults in the use of things. Develops animism. (Animism is the belief that inanimate objects are capable of actions and have lifelike qualities. An example could be a child believing that the sidewalk was mad and made them fall down, or that the stars twinkle in the sky because they are happy.) Develops egocentricism . (Egocentrism in children refers to the child’s inability to see a situation from another person’s point of view. The egocentric child assumes that other people see, hear, and feel exactly the same as they do. In their world, “It’s all about me”most of the time. 

8. Reading in the Preoperational Period The  Child: Begins to develop concepts and associate words with pictures and Images. His reading interest involve a growing visual discrimination of objects and symbols.

9. Intuitive thought Period-Birth 4-7 years old The Child: Is introduced to concepts of number, weight, length and height.  Reading in the Intuitive thought Period The child: Enjoys listening to rhymes and reading and reciting poems. Develops reading readiness skills. Can read simple words,phrases and sentences (4-5 years old.) Can read preprimers and basal readers (6-7 years old.)

10. Stage 4: Concrete Operational- Birth 8-11 years old The Child: Is capable of thinking out about actions previously carried out only at a sensorimotor level. Develops logical reasoning. Develops conservation.

11. Reading in the Concrete Operational Period The child: Can do a lot of reading with meaning. Can retell stories read. Can pick out key words or topics sentences that give the main idea. Can note supporting details. Can determine cause-effect relationships. Can make inferences. Note: There is a rapid growth in reading and in use of reading tool.

12. Stage 5: Formal Operational Period- Birth 11-14 years old The Preteener : Is capable of dealing with hypothesis and prepositions. Develop Abstraction. Reading in the Formal Operational Period The Preteener : Can cope with higher level critical reading skills:drawing conclusions, making judgements, and evaluating plot and style. For bright pupils: Reading has become truly analytic, Interactive, constructive and strategic.  Beginning of period of refinement and wide reading. 

13. Summary and Conclusions: Cognitive development is about how our thinking abilities grow, shaped by both our genes and our life experiences. Reading is a complex activity that helps us in many ways: it improves our language skills, makes us better at thinking critically, helps us remember things better, and lets us understand different topics deeply. Two important thinkers in this field, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, showed how children's interactions with books and language help their minds develop in stages from when they are babies to when they are teenagers. These stages show how reading changes as kids grow, helping them learn everything from basic skills to advanced thinking. The connection between cognitive development and reading shows how important books and language are in making our minds stronger from a young age to adulthood. As kids move through different stages of thinking described by Piaget and Vygotsky, their reading skills also grow, helping them learn to solve problems, think deeply about things, and understand the world around them better. Teachers and parents have a big role in this process by providing kids with books and opportunities to read, which help them develop skills that are crucial for success in school and in life.