religion.christianity.pptx hahahahahahahaha

Hello

1. Lesson five CHRISTIANITY

2. Although there has been a prophesy in judaism that god the father will send his only son to redeem the humanity from their sins and to restore relationship with god, the jews do not aceept that jesus was the fullfilment of that promise. instead, the jews are still waiting for the messiah to be sent by god the father. the christians on the other hand have accepted that jesus was the fullfilment of gods promise. nonetheless, christianity is considered one of the first monothiestic religions in the world and shares many similarities with judaism in terms of belief in prophets, angels, judgement day, among other s.

3. Christianity is considered the most popular religion in the world with the most number of adherents among all religions. starting around the 1st century C.E., it developed out judaism during the reign of the roman empire in west asia. it centers on the life, teachings, death, and ressurection of jesus christ, who is considered the messiah or the savior of humanity. the most common symbol for christianity is the cross, for christians believe that jesus died on the cross to save humanity from their sins and to restore peoples relationship with god the father. christians also believe in the holy trinity, which means God has three aspect - Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit.

4. CHRISTIANITY SACRED SCRIPTURES WORSHIPS AND OBSERVANCE BELIEFS AND DOCTRINES SUBDIVISIONS CONCEPT MAP

5. Christianity is a religion that is very familiar to filipinof because of the philippines has become predominantly catholic since the spaniards occupied the country from the 16th to the 19th centurie, with the spread of the catholicism as one of their enduring legacies to the filipino people. it is considered the worls largest religion, a religion based on the teaching of jesus christ who is considered the son of the god and the messiah or savior.

6. CC CHRISTIANITY ESTIMATED PERCENTAGE OF PERCENTAGE 2010 CHRISTIAN POPULATION OF WORLD CHRISTIANS POPULATION THAT IS CHRISTIAN POPULATION united states 246780,000 79.5% 11.3% brazil 175770,000 90.2 8.0 mexico 107780,000 95.0 4.9 russia 105,220,000 73.6 4.8 philippines 86,790,000 93.1 4.0 nigeria 80,510,000 50.8 3.7 china 67,070,000 5.0 3.1

7. SYMBOLS The symbol shown above are the most common symbols associated with christianity. the cross serves as a symbol of jesus christ victory over sisn when he died on the cross for humanity’s redemption and salvation. christ died on the cross and the cross serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by god in order for humanity to live. In Roman catholic churches, the crucifix is a regular feature, with the image of christ nailed on the cross. this aims to often emphasize christ’s suffering for humani ty.

8. Meanwhile, protestant chruches often feature only the cross without wihout the image of the body of the crist, to emphasize christ’s ressurection and not his suffering. Meanwhile, the fish symbol is as old as christianity itself, for it was used by persecuted christians as a secret sign when meeting with other christians. because christians were threatened by the romans during the time, they had to make secret code to avoid persecution. thus when meeting strangers on the way, a christians would draw one are of the fish outline, and if the other stranger draw the other half it means they are both christians and therefore safe in eache other company.

9. The word ‘fish’ also has secret meaning, for christians made acrostic from the greek word for fish, which is ‘ichtys: Iseous christos theou yios soter’ meaning jesus christ , son of god, savior. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Christianity developed in palestine around 100 C.E. it was found by jesus considered to be the son of god and messiah or savior. regarded as an offshoot of judaism, christianity has survived and even surpassed judaism and other religions in terms of number of adherants. today christianity is divided into three major sects-roman catholicism, greek orthodox, and protestanism .

10. HISTORICAL CONTEXT J udea, the mountanous southern part of palestine, was the home of christianity. during that time, judaism was the dominant religion in palestine adn it was considered by the jews as land of promised to them by god. Then the romans conquered jerusalem in 63 B.C. when jesus was born, palestine was still under roman rule. Then christianity was born in an era when palestine was ruled by a foreign power, the romans.

11. JESUS AS THE FOUNDER OF CHRISTIANITY It was in his backdrop that jesus, founder of christianity, lived and preached teachings that served as criticism aof judaism, although he himself was jew. his minister began when he was in his early thirties. he started to preach teachings which were considered revolutionary at that time. he also taught about new covenant that god will bring to humanity: that sending of hi begotten son to save humanity form their sins and restore the people’s relationship with him. jesus preached that he was sent by god to fullfil this goal.by dying on the cross, then ressurecting to life after three days to prove that gods plan had succeded.

12. Hearing these message, jesus soon attracted a group of followers who becamehis diciples and who called him their teaher. Thus, a christianity started with a prophecy in the old testament: that god will send his only begotten son to save humanity from exterbnal damnation. Jesus was seen by his followers to be true; instead, they are still waitingfor the promise to be filled.

13. RELIGOUS LEADERS T he catholic church follows a certain heirarchy based on the canon law of the catholic church. at the top of th heirarchy is the people, considered as peter’s successor. the heirarchy also includes the cardinals, archbishops, bishops, priest, and deacon. each member of the heirarchy has his own function for the efficiency of the church. The pope serves as the head of the catholic church, the inheritor of peter. He has his headquartersin the vatican, an independent state in romes. He is responsible fo the general supervision of the church.

14. DD Next to the pope are the cardinals, who are also appointed by the pope.they serve as adviser to the pope and elect a new pope as the need arises, thus they have the power to choose the successor of the outgoing people. The bishop also form part of the heirarchy. bishop are teachers of the doctrine, priest of sacred worship, and ministers of church government. the pope himself is a bishop. a bishop is ordained to his station, just like priests. Next to the heirarchy are the priests, who are ordained ministers responsible for the administering of the sacraments, such as the eucharist, marriage, baptism, and confirmation.

15. DD At the bottom of the heirarchy are the deacons, who are classified into two types, the transitional deacon is a seminarianwho is studying for the priesthood and the other one is permanent deacon, who can get married and serve as a priest’s assistant in administering some of the sacraments.

16. DEITY/GOD Christian believe in one god, therefore christianity is monotheisthic religion. God is seen as the creator and maintainer of the universe, and is believed to be omniponent (all powerfull), omniscient( all knowing), omnipresent(all present), and omnibenevolent(all good). God is also sacred, moral, unchangable, compassionate, graceful, and timeless.

17. HOLY TRINITY Christian believe in the holy trinity, which means that god is composed of three persons: god the father, the son(jesus christ), and the holy spirit. this doctrineof the holy trinity was affirmed at the counsil of nicea in 25 C.E where it was agreed upon that son has the same substance with the father, therefore they are both eternal. The doctrine of the holy trinity was christianity’s way to end the controversy generated by arianism, a teaching by arius hich claimed that jesus christ was not actually a god.

18. DD The concept of the holy trinity was never mentioned in the old testament. The new testament, although it never implicitly mentionedthe term, gives some references to it. In matthew 28:19, it is stated that: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the father and the son and the holy spirit” In 2 corinthians 13:1: “the grace of the lord jesus christ and the love of god and the fellowship of the holy spirit be with you all”.

19. SACRED SCRIPTURES The bible is considered the sacred scripture of christianity. it is a collection of songs, stories, poetry, letters, history, as well as literature. it is composed of two books, the old testament and the new testament. the old testament is considered the original hebrew bible, written between 1200 and 165 B.C.E. the new testament was written by christians around 100 B.C.E.

20. THE OLD TESTAMENT the old testament, also called the hebrew bible, is composed of 39 books which are arranged in three parts:the first five books (genesis deutoronomy) are considered the law or torah which may rrefer to guidance or instruction. later this book was callled pentateuch, which are attributed to moses. meanwhile the second part of the old testament is called ‘the prophets’ which divided into two parts, the erarlier prophets and the latter prophets. the book of former prophets is considered historical while the book of latter prophets is contain sayings and stories of the prophets. the third part is called ‘the wrtings’ which include psalm,s (songs, prayers, and worship liturgies), proverbs(wise sayings), job(a drama that explores the nature of suffering), and the five scrolls(megiloth).

21. DD BOOK OF EARLIER PROPHETS BOOK OF THE LATTER PROPHETS joshua, judges, 1-2 samuel, 1-2 kings isiah, jeremiah, ezekiel, hosea, joel, amos, obadah, jonah, micah, nahum, habalduk, zephaniah, haggai, zechaniah, malachi

22. DD THE NEW TESTAMENT The new testament is composed of 27 books written around 50 to 100 C.E and is composed of two section: The gospels which tell the story of jesus(matthew, mark, luke, and john); and the letters ( or epistles), written by various christian leaders to serve as guide to the early christian communities.

23. DD BELIEFS AND DOCTRINES Christianity has certain beliefs and doctrines tht serve as moral guidelines for its followers. as much as posible, christians should follow these teaching strictly f they want to redeem gods promise of eternal life. these teaching are essential to their belief system as christians and not following them would lessen their chances of being called true christians and reduces their chances of salvation in the afterlife.

24. DD TEN COMMANDMENTS Also called the decalogue, the ten commandments are a set of laws given by god to the people of israel at mt. sinai through moses. in exodus, god gave moses the tablets containing the ten commandments, which moses smashed into pieces because of extreme anger when he saw the golden calf idol created and worshipped by the hebrews. god gave moses another set to replace the broken one. The ten commandments are said to appear twice in the bible, in exodus 20:1-7, and at deuteronomy 5:-21.

25. DD

26. DD SEVEN SACRAMENTS The catholic church has seven sacrament which are considered signs of inner kindness given by god for the christians to live a genuine human life. the seven sacraments include baptism, confirmation, holy communion, confession, matrimony, holy orders, and the anointing of the sick. Baptism- is meant to remove the guilts and effect of the original sin and welcome the baptized of the church. Confirmation- which should be administered right after baptism, is meant to complete baptism and bring baptized the graces of holy spirit that were given the apostles on pentecost sunday. Holy communion- entails the reception of christ body and blood which helps christian grow into the likeness of jesus christ. Confession- considered the fourth sacraments, which is meant to reconcile christians with god by confessing their sins.

27. DD Sarament of marriage- comes next, with the union of a man and a woman for the purpose of procreation and mutual support. it also reflects the union of jesus christ with his church. Sacrament of holy orders- considered the continuation of christ’s hood which he passed on to his apostles. and the last sacrament is.... Anointing of the sick- known as extreme unction or last rites, which is administered to those who are on verge of death or are seriously ill, or about to undergo a serious operation, for physical and moral strenght.

28. DD EIGHT BEATITUDES The eight beatitudes comprises what is known as the ‘ sermon on the mount’ recorded in matthew 5-7. the beatitudes refer to the eight sayings of jesus christ at the beginning of the ‘sermon at the mount’. here are the eighyt beatitudes mentioned in matthew 5-7. Blessed are the poor in spirit:for theirs is the kingdom of heaven Blessed are they that mourn;for they should be comforted Blessed are the meek:for they should inherit the earth Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness:for they should be filled Blessed are the merciful:for they should obtain mercy Blessed are the pure in heart:for they shall see god Blessed are the peacemakers:for they should be called the children of god

29. DD Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness sake:for theirs is the kingdom of heaven Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil againts you falsly for my sake. Rejoice, and be exceeding glad:for great is your reward in heaven:for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you.

30. DD APOSTLES’ CREED The apostles creed is believed to have developed in the 100 or 200 C.E and was influenced later by the nicene creed. a letter written by the council of milan in 390 C.E is the earliest historical evidence of the existence of the apostles creed. it is not written by the apostles themselves but it serves as a summary of their basic teachings.

31. DD

32. DD STORY OF CREATIN AND BIGBANG THEORY The story of crreation, which narrates how god created the univerese in six days, is foun in genesis 1 of the old testament. it narrates how god created light darkness on the first day; the sky and the ocean on the second day; the earth and the planst on the third day; the sun, moon, and the stars on the fourth day; sea creatures, land animals, and birds on the fifth day; and finally the first man and woman on the sixth day, after which he rested on the seventh day.

33. DD WORSHIP AND OBSERVANCE Christians have certain religious observance in which they commemorate particular events in the history of christianity. some of the most important christian observance are advent, lent and pentecost. ADVENT Advent refers to the season of waiting for the birth of messiah, hence its celebration lasts for four weeks, beggining four sundays before christmass and ending on christamas eve.The word advent comes for the latin word ‘adventus’, which means ‘coming’ or ‘visit’. Advent also features certain colors, such as purple/dark blue, which symbolizes seriousness, repentance, and royalty; and pink which signifies joy. LENT Lent refers to the season obsereved by christians in preparatin for easter, a celebration of the ressurection of christ. Ash wednesday signals the start of the season of lent, which begins 40 days before easter. The word lent comes from the anglo-saxon words ‘lencten’, meaning ‘spring’, and ‘lenctenid’, which means ‘springtude’ and also the word for ‘march’, the month when easter is usually celebrated.

34. DD PENTECOST Pentecost is celebrated as a holidayto commemorate the coming of the holy spirit to the early christians. thus pentecost is also celebrated as the birthday of the church. the word pentecost comes from the greek word ‘pentecostos’, which means ‘fifty’, pertaining to the jewish holiday celebrated every fifty days from the end of passover to the begginning of the next holiday(also known as shavout). SUBDIVISION Prior to the reign of emperor constantine who declared himself as christians in 312 C.E., christians were persecuted under roman emperors. christianity was only legalized in 313 C.E. upon constantine’s declaration of the edict of milan, wgich declared equality among all religions. after defeating his opponents and becoming the sole leader of the roman empire in 324 C.E.

35. DD SELECTED ISSUES In order to address the issue of disunity among christians, the concept of ecumenism was adopted by the roman catholic church. thus ecminism is one important issue in christianity. still there are some issues which are in conflict with christian teachings, concerning sexuality (especially issues of contraception, abortion, and homosexuality); divorce, capital punishment and euthanasia. ECUMENISM Ecumenism refers to the effort of the catholic church to sponsor activities and initiatives to promote mutual understanding and unity among all christians. ecumenism can also be described as the promotion of worldwide christian unity(brodd 2003). SEXUALITY The issue of sexuality has always been controversial for the catholic church. due to its conservative view of human sexuality, it has often found itself in conflict with progressive and liberal ideas with regard to certain issues connected to sexuality such as artificial contraception, abortion, and homosexuality. in general, sexuality refers to sexual orientation, sexual activity,and sexual feelings.

36. DD FAMILY AND DIVORCE The christian view on marriage is based on matthew 19:-6, “he who made man from the beggining, made themmale and female. and he said:for this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife, and they two shall be in one flesh. therefore now they are not two, but one flesh. what therefore god hath joined together, let no man put asunder”. Thus divorce is not allowed in catholic church, since it believes in the sanctity of marriage, which should be a lifetime bond between a man an a woman, and is considered a legal bond on earth and a spiritual bond in heaven. if couples wish to separate, they could seek an annulment, also known as decree of nutility, in which it is declared that marriage was never valid in the first place. but unlike divorce, annulment entails a long, tedious, and expensive process, in which a partner has to prove that his/her partner is psychologically incapacitated to understand to commitment marriage entails, or one of the partners has deliberately hid some information, such as previous marriagr, impotence, or infertility.

37. DD CAPITAL PUNISHMENT AND EUTHANASIA Capital punishment or death penalty wherein a person is punished by death for his or her capital crime goes againts the christian belief that life is given by god, and that human beings should not interfere with the natural process of death. even if a person is extremely suffering from his/her illness, he/she has no right to take away what god has given him/her. Also, human beings are made in the image of god so people have a unique capacity to become rational which enables them to see what is good and to want what good, that is why they have right to end this gift from god. Another reason why the church is againts euthanasia is the belief that people have no right to interrupt the natural process of dying, and that the period just before death is reflective spiritual moment. in christianity, all human lives are equally valuable and no one, even the person himself/herself who want to end hif/her life, has the right to assume that his/her life is no longer valuable.

38. DD THANK YOU MWUAH!!!!