Reporting in ethics Sinawad, Grace T BEED

about the attitude of a person and a teacher.

1. Freedom as the Foundation for Moral Acts Reporter: Sinawad , Grace T. BEED-2A

2. OBJECTIVE: a. Explain why only human beings can be ethical.

3. What is ETHICS?

4. Do the lower forms of animals have ethics?

5. Or is ethics only for human persons? If so, why? Questions to Ponder: Can we say that a dog is immoral or unethical if it defecates right there at your doorsteps? 1 2

6. ACTIVITY 1. MY WAY [ Verse 1] And now, the end is near And so I face the final curtain My friend, I’ll say it clear I’ll state my case, of which I’m certain I’ve lived a life that’s full I traveled each and every highway And more, much more than this I did it my way

7. [Verse 2] Regrets, I’ve had a few But then again, too few to mention I did what I had to do And saw it through without exemption I planned each charted course Each careful step along the byway And more, much more than this I did it my way

8. [Verse 3] Yes, there were times, I’m sure you knew When I bit off more than I could chew But through it all, when there was doubt I ate it up and spit it out I faced it all, and I stood tall And did it my way

9. [Verse 4] I’ve loved, I ’ve laughed and cried I’ve had my fill, my share of losing And now, as tears subside I find it a ll so amusing To think I did all that And may I say, not in a shy way Oh, no, oh, no, not me And did it my way

10. [Verse 5] For what is a man, what has he got? If not himself, then he has naught To say the things he truly feels And not the words of one who kneels The record shows I took the blows And did it my way

11. [Verse 5] For what is a man, what has he got? If not himself, then he has naught To say the things he truly feels And not the words of one who kneels The record shows I took the blows And did it my way

12. What is your favorite line from the song? And why is it your favorite? Does the song suggest choice or freedom? Why?

13. EHTICS Applies Only to Human Persons Unlike other lower forms of animals, human person have a choice or freedom, hence morality applies only to human.

14. Dilemmas presuppose freedom. Freedom-loving societies have customary ways of training the young to exercise their freedom. There is such a things as dilemma because there is such a thing as freedom. If there is no ability or power of choice, then any incident simply happens without any interference.

15. FREEDOM AND MORAL CHOICE Without freedom it is impossible to make a moral choice. Kant believed that we must have free will if we are to be held morally responsible for our actions. Making moral choice is a necessary consequence for being free, a consequence of being a human person.

16. FREEDOM AND MORAL CHOICE Because a human person has freedom, s/he has a choice and so is responsible for the consequences of his/her choice.

17. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards Having free will or freedom to choose among alternatives, which implies prior analysis and study, is coming to terms with what you finally affirm or deny. When you arrive at a personal conviction and self-affirmation, you begin to own the moral standard.

18. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards Merely abiding by moral standards means applying them as basis to resolve a moral problem without necessarily having internalized them. Merely abiding them means once the enforcer is not around, the moral standard is not followed.

19. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards If you do not own or internalize the standard, you will tend to use it for convenience, to evade responsibility, to put the blame on the standard itself when things do not do well. You simply become legalistic. “follow the rule or law, even if the sky falls down; “the law says so”

20. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards Owning moral standards means internalizing them, making them part of your conviction. You internalize a rule after using reason to understand. The moral standard becomes one with moral agent, this moral standard becomes your natural and immediate basis on your ethical decision making.

21. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards The presuppositions is that you have come to own the moral standard after having been convinced of its own wisdom, having chosen it among other principles or standards. Chinese Taoist concept of harmony: This is where the thought, the word, and the action become one.

22. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards “What I think must be the same as what I say, and what I say must be the same as what I do” The result is oneness of thought, word and action, and its effect is an integrated personality, personality made whole.

23. TO BE ETHICAL: Own Not Merely Abide by Moral Standards Making your mind, word, and action, a unity is not easy. You have in mind the maxim, “Honesty is the best policy” Motto of PMA: Integrity, Courage, Loyalty.

24. Questions To Answer Explain why only human beings, not the brutes, can be ethical? What choice have you made in life recently? Are you happy with that choice? are you happy you have the capacity to choose freely

25. Thank You