Reproduction & Hormonal Control in Achlya by Amatu Rehman.pptx

Lower Fungi, Mycology, Botany

1. R EPRODUCTION & H ORMONAL C ONTROL IN A CHLYA Submitted by: Amaturehman

2. CONTENTS Reproduction Asexual Sexual Infection Research Article

3. Reproduction Both types of reproduction occurs in Achlya Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Causes infection in aquatic ecosystem because infection on the skin of fishes, amphbians,etc called Saprolegniosis

4. Asexual Reproduction Development of zoosporangia occurs on the tip of hyphae Cylindrical, have central vacuole containing mycolaminarin During release, the plasma membrane breached and volume decreases by 10%, reduces the turgor pressure Membrane of vacuole contributes to zoospore plasma membrane, release mycolaminarins into sporangium and too large to diffuse but osmotically active increase turgor pressure by allowing the entry of water. This cause the rapid discharge of auxiliary zoospores During discharge, form cluster in the hollow ball on the mouth After encystment the principal zoospores release

5. Zoosporangium in Achlya

6. Sexual Reproduction Some are Homothallic (e.g. A. colorata ) while some are Hetrothallic (e.g. A.bisexualis ) It occurs by the formation of Oogoium Antheridium R eproduction is controlled by hormones If certain of isolates are grown together in the same dish, one stain forming Oogonia and other forming Antheridia even separated by cellophane membrane or by agar First studied by Raper (1939)

7. Male Mycellium Female Mycellium

8. Research Artical T.C.McMorris and Gooday Work 2016 The sexual reproductive process in Achlya , a widely distributed genus of saprophytic aquatic fungi, is initiated and coordinated by the steroid hormones, antheridiol and the oogoniols . The discovery of these hormones, and their isolation and structural identification, are reviewed in this paper. Achlya contains a number of sterols, the major one being fucosterol , which serves as the biosynthetic precursor of antheridiol and the oogoniols . The biosynthesis of the hormones is discussed as well as some of their specific functions in the organism.

9. Research Artical J.Thomas and Charles O.Warren Work 2016 The entire sexual reproductive progression in the heterothallic water mold Achlya ambisexiialis Raper occurs in the absence of exogenous nutrients. Mated male and female mycelia, previously grown on a chemically defined medium, can utilize endogenous materials for the formation and maturation of sexual reproductive structures. Under these conditions the initiating sexual hormone antheridiol , produced by the female, exerts its morphogenetic effect on male mycelium in the absence of exogenous nutrient