resistors, capacitor and inductors along with their combination

This slides contains information about resistors, capacitor and inductors along with their combination

1. ELECTRONICS II
CODE 308165
LECTURE 2

2. RESISTORS
•Aresistorisanelectricalcomponentthatlimitsorregulatesthe
flowofelectricalcurrentinanelectroniccircuit.
•Theyarebasicallyinefficientconductorsthatconvertelectrical
energyintoheat.
•Thismayseemwasteful,butresistorsareimmenselyusefulin
producingneededvoltagesand/orcurrents.
Resistance??????(ohmΩ)

3. CAPACITORS
•Capacitorsstoreelectrical
energy,somewhatlike
rechargeablebatteries.
•Capacitorsdon’tallow
currenttopassdirectly
throughthem,sotheycan
beusedtofilteroutDC
signals.
•DCcurrentonly‘flows
through’acapacitorwhile
thecapacitorischarging
ordischarging.
•Theycanalsosmoothout
signalsbyreleasingtheir
chargewhenneeded
•CapacitiveReactance
??????
??????= 12??????????????????
Capacitance C (Farad F)

4. INDUCTORS
•Aninductorstoresenergyina
magneticfield.Everycurrent
carryingconductorgeneratesa
magneticfield,whichcanbe
intensifiedsimplybycoilingthe
wire.Thisisasimpleexampleof
aninductor.
•Themagneticfieldaroundthe
conductorissensitivetoanychange
incurrent,anditautomatically
producesavoltagethatopposes
anychangeincurrent.Forthis
reason,inductorsaregreatat
‘smoothing’outelectricsignals.
•InductiveReactance
??????
??????=2??????????????????
Inductance L (Henry H)

6. SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS
Capacitors in Parallel and Parallel Capacitor Circuits (electronics-tutorials.ws)

7. EXAMPLE 1.5

8. THE KILOWATT HOUR (KWH)
ElectricalsupplyauthoritiesusethekWhasthe
unitformeasuringelectricalenergyto
householders
Electricalenergysuppliedtoconsumersisbought
bytheUNIT.TheUNITisthekilowatthour(kWh).
Onekilowatthouristheamountofenergythat
wouldbeconvertedbyaonethousandwatt
appliancewhenusedforonehour
IkWh=3600KJ

9. EXAMPLE 1.6

10. PASSIVE SIGN CONVENTION
Bythepassivesignconvention,powerispositivewhen
currententersthroughthepositivepolarityofthevoltage.
Inthiscase,??????=????????????or????????????>0impliesthattheelementis
absorbingpower.
However,if??????=−????????????or????????????asinFig.1.8(b),theelementis
releasingorsupplyingpower.

11. EXAMPLE 1.7
Calculate the power supplied or absorbed by each
element
We will follow passive sign convention

12. Short Circuit
When R = 0
??????=????????????=0
Open Circuit
When R=∞
Then ??????=0
The two Circuit Conventions
A short circuit is a circuit
element with resistance
approaching zero.
Anopencircuitisa
circuitelementwith
resistanceapproaching
infinity.