Retinal detachment

RETINAL DETACHMENT

1. RETINAL DETACHMENT RETINAL DETACHMENT MR. MOUNESH BADIGER, MSc (N) Senior Tutor MEDICAL SURGICAL DEPARTMENT KAHER ,ION,BELAGAVI

2. RETINA The retina is light-sensitive membrane located at the back of the eye The purpose of the retina is to receive light that the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition

3. DEFINITION A separation of the neurosensory retina from the pigment epithelium and choroid characterized by partial or total loss of vision.

4. TYPES Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: occurs when a tear or hole in the retina leads to fluid accumulation with a separation of the neurosensory  retina Tractional retinal detachment: It occurs when scar tissue on retina’s surface contracts & causes the retina pull away

5. Exudative detachment: It happens when fluid collects under your retina, but there's no tear. It can affect both eyes. Hemorrhagic retinal detachment: Bullous  hemorrhagic retinal detachment because of massive subretinal hemorrhage in patients with age-related macular degeneration

6. RISK & ETIOLOGY FACTORS Age Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD): the vitreous gel that fills the eye separates from the retina, the light-sensing nerve layer at the back of the eye.

7. Family history Diabetes Cataract surgery complication Severe myopia Orbital trauma

8. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Photospia ( is the presence of perceived flashes of light in the field of vision) No pain associated with retinal tear Blurred vision

9. Gradually reduced side (peripheral) vision Black spots, floaters, blind spot Frequently tears in a horse shoe shape A curtain-like shadow over your visual field

10. DIAGNOSTICS History collection Physical examination Ophthalmoscopy Slit-lamp examination

11. Tonometry : To evaluate eye pressure Gonioscopy : To inspect the drainage angle of eye

12. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

13. SCLERA BUCKLING PROCEDURE   It is a surgical procedure in which a piece of silicone plastic or sponge is sewn onto the sclera at the site of a retinal tear to push the sclera toward the retinal tear. The buckle holds the retina against the sclera until scarring seals the tear

14. PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY The eye doctor (ophthalmologist) injects a gas bubble into the middle of the eye. The bubble helps to flatten the retina until a seal forms between the retina and the wall of the eye

15. VITRECTOMY surgeon removes the vitreous humor or fluid from eye and replaces it with another solution

16. PHOTOCOAGULATION A procedure used to seal or destroy leaking blood vessels in the retina that lead to serious retinal conditions.

17. COMPLICATIONS Ischemic death of the affected tissues IOP Infection

18. BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY MR. MOUNESH. BADIGER SENIOR TUTOR MEDICAL SURGICAL DEPARTMENT KAHER INSTITUTE OF NURSING SCIENCES, BELAGAVI, THANK YOU