Hernández, B. A. (2015) ‘Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis can Mimic Orthopedic Disease - Cases Report’, Open access Journal of Neurology & Neurosurgery , 1(1). doi : 10.19080/oajnn.2015.01.555552. Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153.
Hernández, B. A. (2015) ‘Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis can Mimic Orthopedic Disease - Cases Report’, Open access Journal of Neurology & Neurosurgery , 1(1). doi : 10.19080/oajnn.2015.01.555552. Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153.
Zarei , S. et al. (2015) ‘A comprehensive review of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Surgical Neurology International . doi : 10.4103/2152-7806.169561.
Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health (2017) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . NIH Publication No. 17-916 January
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health (2017) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . NIH Publication No. 17-916 January
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health (2017) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . NIH Publication No. 17-916 January
On muscle biopsy, various stages of atrophy are noted from this pattern of denervation and subsequent reinnervation of muscle fibers . U.S . DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health (2017) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . NIH Publication No. 17-916 January Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153 .
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health (2017) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . NIH Publication No. 17-916 January
Abhinav K, Stanton B, Johnston C, Hardstaff J, Orrell RW, Howard R, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in South-East England: A population-based study. The South-East England register for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SEALS Registry). Neuroepidemiology 2007;29:44-8 Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015
Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015
Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015
Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153
Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015
Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153
Hardiman , O., Van Den Berg, L. H. and Kiernan, M. C. (2011) ‘Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, Nature Reviews Neurology , 7(11), pp. 639–649. doi : 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.153
Hernández, B. A. (2015) ‘Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis can Mimic Orthopedic Disease - Cases Report’, Open access Journal of Neurology & Neurosurgery , 1(1). doi : 10.19080/oajnn.2015.01.555552.
Other Motor Neuron Diseases Primary lateral sclerosis (UMN only) Progressive muscular atrophy (LMN only) Progressive bulbar palsy Neuropathies GB , CIDP Myopathies • PM, inclusion body myositis NM Junction • Myasthenia gravis Neurodegenerative Diseases Parkinson’s , Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, MS Malignancy Primary/ mets CNS Motor neuron syndromes with MM, Lymphoma, lung, breast Toxic Exposure EtOH , heavy metals Endocrine TSH , adrenal, pituitary Infectious HIV , CMV Hernández, B. A. (2015) ‘Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis can Mimic Orthopedic Disease - Cases Report’, Open access Journal of Neurology & Neurosurgery , 1(1). doi : 10.19080/oajnn.2015.01.555552.
Abhinav K, Stanton B, Johnston C, Hardstaff J, Orrell RW, Howard R, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in South-East England: A population-based study. The South-East England register for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SEALS Registry). Neuroepidemiology 2007;29:44-8
Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015
Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015
Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser S, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine , 19th ed . New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2015