REYNAUD’S DIASEASE. power point presenatation

defintion ,cause ,sign symptoms and mangment

1. REYNAUD’S DIASEASE BY AVIRAL SHARMA

2. INTRODUCTION It is also called disease, syndrome or phenomenon, characterized by vasospasm which is narrowing of blood vessels. It is a rare disorder that affect arteries. Most commonly occurs in fingers, toes, may also occur at the tip of ears and nose.

3. DEFINITION It is a condition of unknown cause in which the arteries of fingers are unduly reactive and enter spasm (Angio spasm or vasospasm) when the hands are cold.

4. CAUSES COLD TEMPRATURE STRESS SMOKING INJURY CERTAIN MEDICINE (B –BLOCKER ) CHEMICAL EXPOSURE

5. KEYS OF CAUSES (COLD HAND ) C-CRYOFIBRINOGENS O-OCCUATIONA L-LUPUS ERYTHROMATUS D-DRUGS /DM H-HEMATOLOGICAL PROBLEM A-ATHEROSCLEROSIS N-NEUROGICAL PROBLEMS D-DISEASE OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN

6. SIGNS /SYMPTOMS COLD FINGERS AND TOES ATTACK OF PALLOR ,NUMBNESS AND DISCOMFORT IN FINGER COLOUR CHANGE (WHITE ,BLUE ,READ )

7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

8. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION Blood test (ESR) Physical examination Non- vasive blood flow test Gangrene or ulceration of finger tips.

9. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT 1. Calcium channel blockers ( Amlodpine ) 2. Vasodilators (Nitroglycerine) 3. Antiplatelet agents (Aspirin).

10. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Sympathectomy: Surgical division of sympathetic nerve fibres . Nerve Surgery .

11. NURSING MANAGEMENT Advise the patient to avoid smoking, cold environment, rapid changes temperature, and stress. Encourages for active passive exercises. Instruct to gets indoor or warm ares as much as possible, Place hands under armpits Run warm- not hot- water over fingers and toes Massage hands and feet