Rhinolith

rhinolith, stone nose. removal rhinolith, removal stone nose, Pakistan

1. RHINOLITH STONE IN THE NASAL CAVITY BRIG ANWAR UL HAQ

2. Aetiology F B forms around the nidus Exogenous Foreign Body Blood clot Inspissated secretions Process Slow deposition of Calcium Salts Magnesium salt

3. Growth Large Irregular Pedunculated Into the nooks and corners May cause pressure necrosis of Lateral wall Septum Hard Palate

4. Clinical Features More Common in Adults Unilateral Nasal Obstruction Nasal Discharge Foul Smelling Bloody Frank Epistaxis Neuralgic Pain Pressure

5. Examination Colour Grey Brown Greenish black Surface Irregular Feels with a probe Stony hard Brittle Breaks off Granulations Complications Septal , lat wall or Plaltal erosion

6. Diagnosis History Anterior Rhinoscopy Anterior Rhinoscopy after decongestion Endoscopy X- Ray CT Scan

7. Diagnosis History Anterior Rhinoscopy Anterior Rhinoscopy after decongestion Endoscopy X- Ray CT Scan

8. Treatment Removal

9. Removal Without anaesthesia Local anaesthesia General anaesthesia Ant Rhioscopy Endoscopy Usually comes out in pieces - brittle

10. Methods of removal forceps

11. Methods of removal hook

12. Nasal Myiasis

13. Nasal Myiasis Maggots in Nose Atrophic rhinitis FB in nose Excessive nasal discharge Poor mental health

14. Clinical features Discharge Foul smelling Bloody Face and lip swelling Maggots Intense destruction All nasal walls Fistula may form

15. Treatment Removal Chloroform Oil Water

16. CSF RHINORRHOEA SPONTANEOUS SNEEZING STRAINING TRAUMATIC IATROGENIC ACCIDENTAL

17. CSF RHINORRHOEA (WASHOUT SIGN) FOVIA ETHMOIDALIS SPHENOID SINUS CRIBRIFORM PLATE

18. CSF RHINORRHOEA (INTRATHECAL FLUORESCEIN)

19. REPAIR OF CSF FISTULA-ETHMOID

20. REPAIR OF CSF FISTULA

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