Risk Assessment Training and Development.pptx

Risk Assessment

1. Risk Assessment BY ASIF MATEEN GENERAL MANAGER ( BQPS-I)

2. AGENDA DISCUSSION • Introduction to risk assessment • A systematic approach to risk assessment • Risk assessment procedure PRACTICAL • Conduct an activity based risk assessment 2

3. Hazards A hazard is anything that may cause harm A condition with the potential to cause personal injury or death, property damage, or operational degradation 3

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7. Risk RISK Likelihood that an agent will cause harm to health in the actual circumstances of exposure RISK = HAZARD X EXPOSURE The Risk is totally dependent on the actual exposure (Intensity or magnitude x duration x frequency) to the agent. 7

8. Comparison 8

9. Occupational Hazards Physical. Chemical. Safety. Biological. Ergonomic. Psychosocial. 9

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11. Physical hazards Physical hazards are environmental factors that can harm an employee without necessarily touching them, including heights, noise, radiation and pressure. 11

12. Chemical Hazards Chemical hazards are hazardous substances that can cause harm. These hazards can result in both health and physical impacts, such as skin irritation, respiratory system irritation, blindness, corrosion and explosions. 12

13. Psychosocial hazard Psychosocial hazards include those that can have an adverse effect on an employee’s mental health or wellbeing. For example, sexual harassment, victimization, stress and workplace violence 13

14. Safety Hazards These are hazards that create unsafe working conditions. For example, slipping/tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or breakdowns etc. 14

15. Risk Assessment 15

16. Risk Likelihood that hazard will cause harm The probability of harm occurring Chance of exposure to the hazard X Consequences (severity) 16

17. KE approach 17

18. ISO 31000:2018 18

19. Step 1 – Establish the context Establishing the context defines  the basic parameters  sets the scope. 19

20. Step 2 – Hazard Identification Hazard identification is the most important step which may be determined from the following sources:  By team~ Observations / examination / brain storming of activities  Results of measurements and monitoring.  Identifying potential incidents  Consult the actual incident that occurred in the past.  Identifying general hazards using Hazard Identification Checklist (F-SP-006-02) 20

21. Hazard Identification Checklist (F-SP-006-02) 21

22. Step 3 – Analyze Risk Once the hazard and potential incidents are identified, the risk is analyzed by determining:  The likelihood (L) of each consequence  The severity/consequences (S) and associated impacts/effects  The risk (R), by combining the consequence severity and likelihood (R=C X L). 22

23. Risk Assessment Form Severity & Likelihood THE HAZARDS WITH RISK RATING OF SIGNIFICANT OR HIGH ARE CONSIDERED INTOLERABLE AND NEED TO BE CONTROLLED TO REDUCE THE RISK TO ALARP RISK LEVELS (LOW MEDIUM). ALARP (As low as reasonably practicable ): A level of risk that cannot be reduced further without the expenditure of costs that are grossly disproportionate in relation to the benefits gained.

24. Determining likelihood Determining likelihood involves estimating the likelihood of a consequence  certain (05)  likely (04)  Possible (03)  unlikely (02)  rare (01) 24

25. Potential consequences Analyzing the potential consequences (and impacts/ effects) It involves identifying all the possible consequences ; Associated impacts/effects  to people,  the environment, or plant/property It will be analyzing in following severity as:  Negligible(01)  Noticeable(02)  Moderate(03)  Major(04)  Severe(05) 25

26. Severity table 26

27. Definition Acceptable risk: Risk that has been reduced to a level that can be tolerated by the organization having regard to its legal obligations and its own Intolerable Risk: A level of risk that is as high as to require significant and urgent actions to reduce its magnitude. If these risk levels cannot be reduced to ALARP or acceptable level , the project objectives and operating philosophy must be fundamentally reviewed by the management Residual Risk The recommended control actions and decide upon residual risk - is it trivial, tolerable, moderate, high, very high. Are the control actions adequate? Is further action required? The level of risk that remains after the existing controls that are in place and their effectiveness are taken into account. These controls may require verification by audit.

28. Definition ALARP (As low as reasonably practicable): A level of risk that cannot be reduced further without the expenditure of costs that are grossly disproportionate in relation to the benefits gained. It is requires that safety risks to be reduced to levels that are As Low As Reasonably Practicable , or “ALARP”. The “ALARP region” lies between unacceptably high and negligible risk levels . Even if a level of risk for a “baseline case” has been judged to be in this ALARP region it is still necessary to consider introducing further risk reduction measures to drive the remaining, or “residual”, risk downwards.

29. Form 29 Risk Assessment#   Rev #   Task Description   Date   Location   Scriber   Team leader   Team Member   Definition Task Description What will be done? State the specific job to be performed that may have a history of potential for injury, incidents, safety critical, new jobs, jobs changed, new personnel performing job. Location Where? Identify the location where the work will be conducted Risk Assessment Date When? Record the date that the job is being recorded Risk Assessment Number Allocate Number Team Leader Who facilitated the Risk Assessment? Record the name of the person who facilitated the Risk Assessment Process Scriber Person completing the Risk Assessment Forms/Documentation Team Members Who will be involved? Record details of the Risk Assessment participants.

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32. 32 Sr. No. Distinct activity Hazard* Hazard Effect/ Potential consequence Base Risk Additional Control (Action to ensure ALARP) Modified Risk   L S R L S R                                             Form What is New

33. 33 Form- Definition Distinct Activity How many steps can the Task be broken into? What shall be done at each activity? Activity Consider each of the occupations/disciplines and write down the individual activities they are involved in to complete the job. Also consider others who may be working nearby and who may be affected by the activity. Hazard Identify the hazards attached to each activity. Hazard Effect What can happen at each step? What are the potential incidents that could occur from each of the Job Steps? Severity Make a judgment on whether the hazard effect is low, medium or high (See Risk Estimator Chart). Probability Make a judgment on the probability of an accident occurring e.g. low probability, medium probability, high probability (see Risk Estimator Chart). Consider the number of times the activity is carried out and how many people are involved in doing it.

34. 34 Form- Definition Risk Multiply the two factors Severity x Probability. The product determines the level of risk (See Risk Estimator Chart). Existing Review existing safeguards and determine whether they are adequate Safeguard To effectively control the risk. Control Actions - Identify the actions required to eliminate or reduce the risk. Priority must be given to potentially high and very high risks. Eliminate the risk through engineering controls where possible. Residual Risk The recommended control actions and decide upon residual risk - is it trivial, tolerable, moderate, high, very high. Are the control actions adequate? Is further action required?

35. Risk Assessment form SECTION 2 (FOLLOW-UP SHEET): Sr. No. ACTION IDENTIFIED RESPONSIBILITY TARGET DATE                   TEAM LEADER   MEMBERS:   SIGNATURE:   SIGNATURE:  

36. Risk Assessment Hazards checklist

37. Risk Assessment Form Severity & Likelihood THE HAZARDS WITH RISK RATING OF SIGNIFICANT OR HIGH ARE CONSIDERED INTOLERABLE AND NEED TO BE CONTROLLED TO REDUCE THE RISK TO ALARP RISK LEVELS (LOW MEDIUM). ALARP (As low as reasonably practicable ): A level of risk that cannot be reduced further without the expenditure of costs that are grossly disproportionate in relation to the benefits gained.

38. Severity & Likelihood

39. ممکنات کا ٹیبل L i k e lih o o d T a bl e Probability Likelihood on a risk matrix represents the likelihood of the most likely consequence occurring in the event of a hazard occurrence. To put it another way, if a hazard occurs, what are the chances the most likely safety mishap will occur. Make a judgment on the probability of an accident occurring e.g. low probability, medium probability, high probability (see Risk Estimator Chart). Consider the number of times the activity is carried out and how many people are involved in doing it.

40. شدت کا ٹیبل Severity Table Severity Severity on the risk matrix represents the  severity of the most likely consequence of a particular hazard occurrence ..  Make a judgment on whether the hazard effect is low, medium or high (See Risk Estimator Chart).

41. Table SECTION 2 (FOLLOW-UP SHEET): Sr. No. ACTION IDENTIFIED RESPONSIBILITY TARGET DATE                                           TEAM LEADER   MEMBERS:   SIGNATURE:   SIGNATURE:  

42. How to suggest control

43. Hierarchy of Control For each hazard/ step, develop control measures - risk reduction or hazard elimination measures - following the Hierarchy of Control: The general Hierarchy of Control Measures, to be used in order, is: 1. Elimination/ Substitution (removal of the hazard/ use alternative methods) 2. Engineering Control (containment, shielding) 3. Training and Procedures (administrative controls) 4. Personal Protective Equipment (to protect the individual)

44. Hierarchy of Control (1) Elimination/Substitution Elimination or substitution requires a radical rethink of the job to determine if there is an entirely different way of doing it. Start by defining the goal of the job (i.e. the result) and then explore new ways at accomplishing it. For example: New tools New materials (i.e. chemicals, etc ) New machinery (i.e. plant and equipment) New methods

45. Hierarchy of Control (2) Engineering Controls Engineering controls means physically modifying plant, equipment or tools. For example: Improved maintenance; for example, preventive maintenance schedule to prevent failure; Reduction at source of noise or vibration through various known engineering controls; Isolating or enclosing the hazard; for example, fume cupboards, barriers, lag surfaces, machine guards, etc ; Use of ventilation to remove fumes and dusts; Use of mechanical aids to minimize manual handling injuries; Installation of an alarm or trip system or other safety device.

46. Hierarchy of Control (3) Administrative Controls Administrative controls involve changing the work instruction so as to reduce risk by limiting the exposure of an employee to the hazard. For example: Organize work schedules to minimize the number of employees exposed to hazards. Restrict employees from hazardous areas if their job does not require them to be there. Increase the separation between the employees and the hazard. Such controls should be indicated on the work instruction as caution notes adjacent to the relevant steps.  

47. Hierarchy of Control (4) Personal Protective Equipment Personal protective equipment should be used only when other measures have not been able to protect the employee against the hazard or risk of exposure to the hazard. Where personal protective equipment is used, ensure that it fits the employee correctly; training is provided in its need and use, and that the equipment is maintained and serviced regularly. (Examples: Use of chemical resistant suite /Face shield during chemical handling)

48. Specimen 48

49. Filled sheet 49 SR. No. DISTINCT ACTIVITY HAZARD* HAZARD EFFECT/ Potential Consequences EXISTING CONTROLS RISK (After existing control) ADDITIONAL CONTROLS (Actions to Ensure ALARP ) RESIDUAL RISK L S R L S R   Approaching to NG area High noise Noticeable/ Minor Hearing loss tinnitus Use Ear plug 1 2 2           Fire due to spark generating equipment e.g. Radio mobile etc. Major Fire Burn Equipment damage All spark able items will be deposit in CCR Close supervision 1 4 4           Tripping due to walking on pipe Minor/ Moderate Sprain Muscular pain Hairline fracture Use pipe bridge Walk on define route Watch your step for oil surface 1 3 3        

50. Filled sheet 50 SR. No. DISTINCT ACTIVITY HAZARD* HAZARD EFFECT/ Potential Consequences EXISTING CONTROLS RISK (After existing control) ADDITIONAL CONTROLS (Actions to Ensure ALARP ) RESIDUAL RISK L S R L S R   Pump Inspection and cleaning Cleaning on energized pump entail electrical hazard Minor/ Moderate Electric shock Unconscious Burn Job under permit Inspection of all electrical terminal not lose or naked Secure all Electrical open point Ensure Earthing Use helmet Gloves and Safety shoes 1 3 3         Cleaning on energized pump entail pressurized lube oil Noticeable/ Minor Contamination of hand Dermatitis Skin infection Check all the point noticeable for leakage Use Rubber Nitrile gloves 1 2 2           Dry cleaning with Rag caused Entanglement with rotatory point Minor/ Moderate Hand injury All the rotatory parts are provided with cover/guard No lose clothing Using rag away to rotatory part (TBT) 1 3 3             Using wire brush for cleaning; brush nail poke in hand Noticeable/ Minor Hand injury Use scraper despite nail brush Use good cotton gloves 1 2 2        

51. Filled sheet 51

52. 52 Thank you