River system of odisha

River System Of Odisha description of all rivers of Odisha

1. RIVER SYSTEM OF ODISHA PRESENTED BY PREETI PRIYANKA MUDULI

2. All the rivers of Odisha primarily penisular rivers and have taken their origin from three important sources. They are ..

3. Most Of the rivers Of Odisha have their sources beyond the border of the states.The major rivers which have their origin beyond Odisha .All the major rivers are drain into the bay of Bengal. Major Rivers Of Odisha : The Mahandi The Brahmani The Baitarani The Subarnarekha The Budhabalanga The Bahuda The Vansadhara The Nagabali The Indravati The Rushikulya

4. RIVERS CATCHMENT AREA BASIN CATCHMENT AREA TOTAL WITH IN ODISHA ( sq.k.m ) ( sq.k.m ) % TO GEOGRAPHICAL AREA MAHANADI 141134 65628 42.15 BRAMHANI 39116 22516 14.46 BAITRANI 14218 13482 8.66 BUDHABALANGA & JAMBHIRA 6991 6354 4.08 SUBARNAREKHA 19277 2983 1.92

5. BASIN CATCHMENT AREA TOTAL WITH IN ODISHA ( sq.k.m ) ( sq.k.m ) % TO GEOGRAPHICAL AREA RUSHIKULYA 8963 8963 5.76 INDRAVATI 41700 7400 4.75 VANSHADHARA 11377 8960 5.75 NAGABALI 9275 4500 2.89 AREA DRAINING DIRECTLY TO SEA 3731 2.4

6. There are four groups of rivers which flow through Odisha into the Bay of Bengal They are: (i) Rivers that have a source outside the State (the Subarnarekha , the Brahmani the and the Mahanadi ). (ii) Rivers having a source inside the State (the Budhabalanga , the Baitarani , the Salandi , and the Rushikulya ). (iii) Rivers having a source inside the Odisha , but flow through other states (the Bahuda , the Vansadhara River , and the Nagavali River ). (iv) Rivers having a source inside Odisha , but tributary to rivers which flow through other states (the Machkund , the Sileru River , the Kolab , and the Indravati River ).

7. THE MAHANADI: It is the major river of Odisha and the sixth largest river in India. It originates from the sihawa hills of the Bastar Plateau in Raipur districts of ( Chhattishgarh ). It is about 857 km long (494 km in Odisha ) and its catchment area spreads over 141,600 km 2 . (65,580 km².) in Odisha . The river carries on an average about 92,600 million m of water.

8. MAP VIEW OF MAHANNADI

9. The major tributaries of Mahanadi are Seonath , Jonk , Hasdo , Mand , Ib , Ong , Tel etc. . TRIBUTARIES OF MAHANADI Seonath River : The Seonath River is the longest tributary of Mahanadi. It rises in an undulating region with numerous small groups of hills at Kotgal and flows 383 kilometers to join Mahanadi at its left bank at Khargand . Hasdo River: It rises in the Sarguja district of Chhattisgarh and traverses 333 kilometers to meet Mahanadi at Mahuadih . Mand River : Mand River originates at an elevation of 686 meters in Sarguja district of Chhatisgarh and flows 241 kilometers to meet . Ib River : Ib originates in Pandrapat of the Raigarh distriuct of Chhattishgarh and flows 251 kilometers to fall into Hirakud Dam. Its a rainfed river.

10. Ong River : It rises at an elevation of 457 meters on a hill in the northern outskirts of hills located on the course of Jonk River and flows 204 kilometers to meet Mahandi at Sonepur . Tel River : Tel river originates in plain in the Koraput of Odisha . It traverses 296 kilometers to meet Mahanadi at Sonepur .

11. DISTRIBUTARIES OF MAHANADI : KATHAJODI PAIKA BIRUPA CHITROPTALA GANGUTI LUN

12. HIRAKUD DAM:- Total capacity 5,896,000,000 m 3 (4,779,965  acre·ft ) Catchment Area 83,400 km 2 (32,201  sq.  mi) Hirakud is one of the major mul tipurpose river valley project started after India’s Independence . Length Total = 25.79 Kilometers Length = 4.8 Kilometers Artificial Lake = 743 Sq. Kilometers Irrigated Area (both crop) = 235477 Hectares Power Generation = 347.5 MW(Installed capacity)

13. In the upper drainage basin of the Mahanadi River, centered on the Chhatishgarh Plain , periodic droughts contrast with the situation in the lower delta region where floods may damage crops. T he dam was constructed to help alleviate these problems by creating a reservoir and controlling river flow through the drainage system. The dam helps control floods in the Mahanadi delta and irrigates 75,000 square kilometres of land. The Hirakud Dam regulates 83,400 km² (32,200 mi²) of Mahanadi's drainage. The reservoir has a storage capacity of 5.818 km³ with gross of 8.136 km³ . PURPOSE

14. Name of the State Drainage Area (Km²) % of Total Area Chhattisgarh 74,970 52.9 Odisha 65,600 46.3 Jharkhand 650 0.5 Maharastra 50 0.2 Madhya Pradesh 130 0.1 TOTAL 1,41,600 100.0 DRAINAGE AREA OF THE MAHANADI

15. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE Bagh Barrage Medium Irrigation Project Irrrigaton Baghua Stage –II Medium Irrigation Project Irrrigaton Birupa Ghunghuti Island Medium Irrigation Project Mahanadi Irrrigaton Budhabudhiani Medium Irrigation Project Budhabudhiani Irrrigaton Dahuka Medium Irrigation Project Dahuka , Baghmari Irrrigaton Dumarbahal Mediun Irrigation Project Ong Irrrigaton Hadua Medium Irrigation Project Hadua Irrrigaton IRRIGATION PROJECT ON THE MAHANADI BASIN

16. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE Hirakud Major Irrigation Project Mahanadi Irrrigaton Jharabandha Medium Irrigation Project Kukuri Jhore Nalla Irrrigaton Lower Indra Irrigation Project Indra Irrrigaton Lower Suktel Major Irrigation Project Tel Irrrigaton Mahanadi Birupa Barragemajor Irrigation Project Irrrigaton Mahandi Chitrotpola Major Irrigation Project Mahanadi Irrrigaton Mahandi Delta-i Major Irrigation Project Mahanadi Irrrigaton Mahandi Delta-ii Major Irrigation Project Mahanadi

17. It is the second largest river in Odisha . It originates as two major rivers like the Sankh and the Koel from the Chota Nagpur Plateau of Bihar and both join at Veda Veyas near Rourkela Sundargarh district of Odisha forming the major River Brahmani . It flows through the Eastern Ghats in Sundargah , Deogarh,Kendujhar , Dhenkanal , Bhadrakh and Jajpur districts into the Coastal Plains and enters into the Bay of Bengal along with a combined mouth with the Baitarani known as the Dhamara . The Brahmani is 799 km long (541 km In Odisha ) and its catchment area spreads over 39,033 km 2 in Odisha ). THE BRAHMANI

18. DRAINAGE AREA OF THE BARMHIN RIVER

19. Rengali dam is located in Odisha . It is constructed across Bramhani Riverin Rengali village located 70 km from Anugul in Anugul District, Odisha in India Features: Rengali dam is 70.5 m tall and 1040 m wide. The reservoir formed by the dam is the second largest reservoir in Odisha with 37, 840 hectares at full level and 28,000 hectares in mean level . Rengali Irrigation Project: A barrage is constructed across the Brahmani river 35 km downstream of Rengali dam. The barrage is used to store the flood releases from the dam and divert it through two canal systems. It has a free catchment area of 4780 km 2 and between the dam and barrage. The area records an annual rainfall of 1570 mm on average . RENGALI DAM

20. IRRIGATION PROJECT ON THE BRAMHANI & THE BAITRANI PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE Annandpur Barrage Cannal Irrigation Project Baitrani Irrigation Aunli Medium Irrigatio Project Trikara Irrigation Bitrani Irrigation Project Baitrani Irrigation Dadaraghati Medium Irrigation Project Gambhira Nalla Irrigation Deo Medium Irrigation Project Deo Irrigation Derjanga –I Medium Irrigation Project Irrigation Derjanga –I I Medium Irrigation Project Irrigation

21. THE BAITRANI It rises from the Gonasika in the Guptaganga hills of Keonjhar district. The river traverses a total distance of 360 kms . before falling into the Bay of Bengal. There are 64 large, medium and small tributaries, out of which 35 join on the left side and 29 join on the right side of the river. The main tributaries are Kangira , Ardei , Khairi Bhandan , Deo , Kanjhari , Sita , Musal , Kusei and Salandi River. The Salandi originates from the Meghasani hills of the Similipal in Mayurbhanja district. It flows a distance of 144 km with a catchment area of 1800 sq. km.

22. DRAINAGE AREA OF THE BAITRANI RIVER

23. It originates near Nagri village of the Chhotnagpur plateau of Jharkhand. Total length of the river from its origin to its outfall into Bay of Bengal is 446.12 km , including 79 km inside Odisha . The prominent tributaries of the Subarnarekha are Raru river, Kanchi river, Damra river, Karru river, Kharkhai river, Chinguru river, Karakari river, Gurma river, Garrariver , Singaduba river, Kodia river, Dulunga river & Khaijori river THE SUBARNAREKHA

24. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE Baldiha Medium Irrigatioin Project Baldiha Irrigation Bankabahal Medium Irrigation Project Mandavi Irrigation Kharkhai Medium Irrigation Project Khadkhai Irrigation Subarnarekha Major Irrigation Project Subarnarekha Irrigation IRRIGATION PROJECT ON THE SUBARNAREKHA

25. The Budhabalanga originates from the Similipal range of hills on Mayurbhanj district and travels a total length of 198.75 km. before it finally empties into the Bay of Bengal. The prominent tributaries of the Budhabalanga are Palapala, Sunei, Kalo, Sanjo, Deo , Gangahari and Katra . THE BUDHABALANGA

26. THE NAGAVALI The river Nagavali is a medium sized east flowing river in peninsular India. It is surrounded by Vamsadhara in the north, Champavathi and Peddagedda in the South, Godavari in the West and the Bay of Bengal in the east. It drains parts of the distgricts of Kalahandi , Rayagada , Koraput of Orissa and Sirkakulam , Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam of Andhra Pradesh State. The total basin area is 9510 Sq. Km. The Nagavali originates near the Lakhabahal in Kalahandi district at an elevation of about 1300 m. The total length of the river run is 256 Km., out of which the first 161 Km., are in Orissa and the rest in Andhra Pradesh

27. DRAINAGE AREA OF THE NAGAVALI

28. The river Rushikulya is one of the medium sized east flowing river in peninsular India. It is an important river of Orissa state and covers entire catchment area in the districts of Phulbani and Ganjam . The river flows through Purushottampur , Pratapur and joins with the Bay of Bengal at Ganjam district (Orissa .). The river lies within the geographical coordinates of 19.07 to 20.19 north latitude and 84.01 to 85.06 east longitude . The river Rushikulya originates at an elevation of about 1000 m. near Matabarhi village of Phulbani district. The total catchment area of the basin is 7,700 Sq. Km. THE RUSHIKULYA

29. THE VANSADHARA The Vamsadhara river is an important east flowing river between Mahanadi and Godavari. The river originates near Lanjigarh village in Kalahandi district and runs to a total distance of about 254 Km. before it joins the Bay of Bengal at Kalingapatnam . A number of tributaries join the river on both the sides. The total catchment area of this basin works out to 10,830 Sq. Km.

30. DRAINAGE AREA OF THE VANSHDHARA

31. THE INDRAVATI It originates from the Eastern Ghats of Dandakaranya range in Kalahandi district & flows ina westerly direction; enters into Jagdalpur district inChhatisgarh state. It further traverses in the westerlydirection & thereafter in southern direction beforefinally meeting river Godavari at the border of Maharastra , Chhatisgarh & Andhra Pradesh. Themajor tributaries of river Indravati are KeshadharaNalla , Kandabindha Nallah , Chandragiri Nalla , Golagar Nalla, Poragarh Nalla, Kapur Nallah, Muran River , Bangiri Nallah , Telengi Nallah , Parlijori Nallah,Chourijori Nallah .

32. Indravati Dam is a on the Indravati River, about 90 km from Bhwanipatna in the state of Odisha in India. It is connected to the main Indravati reservoir via 4.32 km long and 7 m dia head race tunnel designed for a discharge capacity of 210 cumecs and terminating in a surge shaft. Currently it is the largest power producing dam in eastern India with a capacity of 600 MW. The Upper Indravati Project envisages diversion of water of the Indravati river in its upper reaches into the Mahanadi river basin for power generation and irrigation. In addition to the power house, the project involved construction of 4 dams across the Indravati and its tributaries, 8 dykes and two inter-linking channels to form a single reservoir with a live capacity of 1,435.5 Million m 3 and a barrage across Hati river in Mahanadi river basin . [ INDRAVATI DAM

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