Human Rights and Democratic Freedoms Russia's human rights record and democratic freedoms have been subjects of intense domestic and international criticism. The government has been accused of suppressing political dissent, restricting media freedom, and curtailing civil liberties. High-profile cases, such as the imprisonment of opposition leader Alexei Navalny and the crackdown on non-governmental organizations, highlight the repressive measures employed to maintain control. Internationally, Russia's actions in Ukraine, interference in foreign elections, and alleged human rights abuses in regions like Chechnya have drawn widespread condemnation.
SUMMARY T he evolution of Russia's political system from the Soviet era to the present has been marked by a shift from communist rule to a centralized authoritarian regime under Vladimir Putin. The balance of power heavily favors the presidency and the security services, leading to a governance style that suppresses democratic freedoms and human rights. Despite these criticisms, Putin's government remains firmly in control, shaping the future trajectory of Russia's political landscape.