S2_Grammar Verbs followed by Infinitive and Gerund.pptx

notes on gerund and infinitive

1. Grammar Verbs followed by infinitive and gerund

2. Gerund a verb form that ends in “- ing ” and is used as a noun (walking, traveling, voting) (verb + - ing )

3. Infinitive An infinitive is the base form of a verb preceded by “to” (to walk, to travel, to vote) (to + base verb)

4. Differences between gerunds and infinitive we use a gerund as a noun, while an infinitive is used as a verb. For example, the gerund “running” can be used as a noun, while the infinitive “to run” is used as a verb. how they are used in a sentence and how they are formed. 

5. Uses A gerund can be either the object or the subject of your sentence, while an infinitive can be used as the main verb in a sentence. Running is my favorite exercise. I like to run every morning.

6. Grammar Rule Verbs expressing preference or enjoyment are usually followed by a gerund, while verbs of obligation and influence are usually followed by an infinitive. Modal verbs, helping verbs "let" and “make” are always followed by infinitives. Verbs of perception can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive.  When function as subject of a sentence always use a singular form (Walking is good exercise)

7. A. Verbs Followed by a Gerund (- ing form) These verbs express liking, disliking, continuing, or stopping an action: Enjoy → She enjoys reading novels. Avoid → He avoids eating fast food. Consider → They considered moving to a new city. Mind → Would you mind closing the window? Stop → He stopped smoking last year.

8. B. Verbs Followed by an Infinitive (to + base form) These verbs indicate future intentions, decisions, promises, or preferences: Decide → She decided to study abroad. Hope → I hope to see you soon. Promise → He promised to help me. Plan → They plan to visit Japan next summer. Want → She wants to learn Spanish.

9. C. Verbs That Can Take Both (with Different Meanings) Some verbs change meaning depending on whether they are followed by a gerund or an infinitive: Stop He stopped smoking. (Stopped the habit) He stopped to smoke. (Paused another action to smoke) Try She tried calling him. (Experimented to see if it worked) She tried to call him. (Made an effort but might not have succeeded) Remember I remember meeting him before. (Recalls a past action) I remembered to meet him. (Did not forget to do something)

10. 2. Practice Choose the correct option Fill in the blanks with the correct form (gerund or infinitive). He decided (move/moving) abroad next year. She enjoys (dance/to dance) at parties. We stopped (eat/to eat) because we were full. They avoided (speak/to speak) about the accident. I forgot (lock/to lock) the door before leaving.

11. 3. Error Correction Identify and correct the errors: She suggested to go to the cinema. He promised helping me with my homework. I stopped to watch TV when I got tired. He tried to calling me yesterday. She decided going to a new school.