Safety Presentation safety safety safety.pptx

safety

1. Topic : Health and Safety Presented by : Sohail Abbas Bangash Health and Safety Executive SAUDI GEO CO.

2. Health 2 Health is the state of being “healthy” (from French santé ), the condition of being free from illness or injury SAFETY Safety is the state of being “safe” (from French sauf ), the condition of being protected from harm or other non- desirable outcomes 2

3. To maintain Physical, mental and social well being of workers. No matter what job is to be done health and safety must be carried out. It is important because it ensures the safety of all the people involved. Health and safety checks must be done properly to ensure the area is safe to work in. Safety Importance? 3 5

4. The field of public health focuses on reducing the risks of injury and illness in the workplace. This includes both preventing accidents and protecting workers from exposure to hazardous materials and conditions Occupational health and safety programs typically include training for workers on how to safely work with or around potential hazards, as well as regular safety inspections of the workplace . Employers are also required to provide a safe working environment and to take steps to prevent accidents from happening. Occupational Health And Safety 4 5

5. Moral Re a sons / Ethical Reasons 5 Lega l & S o cial Reasons Financial Reasons 4

6. Moral /Ethical is all about a duty that every person owes to protect others . It is our duty to protect the lives of others. We have a moral obligation to do everything we can to ensure that others are safe from harm. This includes ensuring that the workplace is safe . Managing health and safety in the workplace protects the workers themselves. It is immoral to allow them to work in unsafe conditions . In simple terms, the moral reason can be summarized as, ‘ it’s the right thing to do ’. It is right and proper that workers go to work to earn a living and return home in the same state , not suffering from ill health or serious physical injury. Moral Reasons/ Ethical Reasons 6 5

7. Global statistics have been published by the International Labour Organization (ILO) 7 There are over 350,000 work-related fatal accidents reported each year – half of these occur in agriculture. Over 2.75 million people die every year from occupational accidents and occupational diseases. Around 2.4 million of these deaths are attributable to occupational diseases. There are over 270 million occupational accidents and 160 million occupational diseases recorded each year. 4% of the w o r ld ’ s g r oss d o m estic p r o d uct is lo s t e a 6 ch ye a r th r o u gh the cost of injury, death, absence, etc. Other high-risk sectors are the construction and fishing industries . These figures relate to the number of accidents and cases of disease which are reported and recorded globally. Not everything is reported or recorded, however, so the real figures are almost certainly higher.

8. Financial Reasons 8 When an accident or ill-health occurs, there will be direct and indirect costs associated with that event. Some of these losses can be insured against, but many cannot. Accidents and ill health can significantly affect the financial resources of an organization and, in some cases, can put an organization out of business . When an accident occurs, the organization will face both direct and indirect costs Direct costs – the measurable costs arising directly from the accident. Indirect costs – those which arise indirectly as a consequence of the event. Indirect costs are often difficult to quantify precisely and may be hard to identify. 7

9. First-aid treatment. Worker sick pay. Repairs to, or replacement of damaged equipment and buildings. Lost or damaged product. Lost production time while dealing with the injury. 9 Direct costs: Indirect costs: Reduction in staff morale (which impacts on productivity, quality and efficiency). General difficulties in recruiting and retaining staff as a result of the accident. Loss of goodwill of customers following delays in production and fulfilling orders. Damage to public image and business reputation. Damage to industrial relations, perhaps leading to industrial action (eg. strikes). 8

10. Medical bills:  This is the cost associated with providing medical treatment for an injured employee. This will depend on the type and severity of the injury; however, the average ranges from $1,000-$20,000. Injured employee’s lost-time wages:  Workers’ compensation usually pays the wages of work time lost by the injured employee. The payment usually covers about 50%-60% of wages. Case management expenses:  This covers the company’s cost associated with managing the case and is usually covered by workers’ compensation. 10 Direct costs Examples: Incident investigation:  It takes a team of people to thoroughly investigate an incident. This cost is associated with the wages of that team and the disruption of their regular duties. Legal fees:  The severity of the injury may warrant a lawsuit. Legal expenses will be incurred irrespective of the outcome of the litigation. Property damage:  The cost of repairing or replacing any damaged property or equipment resulting from the incident. 8 Indirect costs Examples:

11. Insured Costs: The Lost recoverable through insurance is known as Insured Costs. Examples: Damage to plant, buildings and equipment. Compensation paid to workers. Medical costs . 11 Uninsured Costs Uninsured Costs: The Lost not recoverable through insurance is known as Insured Costs. Examples: Production delays or down time. Loss of raw materials due to accidents. Accident investigation time & sick pay etc . Insured Costs 9

12. Work at Height 12 Work at Height – things to remember If you must work at height; Take a moment to plan the work Use the right equipment for the job Make sure it is in good condition Make sure the surface you are placing the equipment on is stable and that the equipment can be set up properly Make sure that staff are competent. 7

13. Work at Height Figure 1 Correct – user maintaining three points of contact (means of securing omitted for clarity) Work at Height – things to remember 7 13 Figure 2 Incorrect – overreaching and not maintaining three points of contact (means of securing omitted for clarity)

14. Cutting or welding shall not be permitted in the following situations: In areas not authorized by management In sprinkled buildings while such protection is impaired In the presence of potentially explosive atmospheres, e.g.. a flammable In areas near the storage of large quantities of exposed, readily ignitable materials In areas where there is dust accumulation of greater than 1/16 inch within 35 feet of the area where welding/hot works will be conducted All dust accumulation should be cleaned up following the housekeeping program of the facility before welding/hot works are permitted 14 Hot Work Fire Prevention Measures Welding and Cutting Procedures 9 Hot Work Procedures Floors swept and clean of combustibles within 35 ft. of work area Flammable and combustible liquids and material will be kept 35 ft. from work area Adequate ventilation providing 20 air changes per hour, such as a suction hood system should be provided to the work area At least one 10 lb. dry chemical fire extinguisher should be within access of the 35 ft. of work area Protective dividers such as welding curtains or non-combustible walls will be provided to contain sparks and slag to the combustible free area.

15. Monitor all hot work operations Ensure all hot work equipment and PPE are in safe working order and appropriate Allow only trained and authorized employees to conduct hot work Ensure permits are used for all hot work outside authorized areas. Employees: Follow all hot work procedures Properly use appropriate hot work PPE Inspect all hot work equipment before use Report any equipment problems Do not use damaged hot work equipment 15 Supervisors: 9 Hot Work Procedures

16. Electrical Hazards Electric  shock. Heating and source of ignitions . Mechanical and other hazards CAUSES OF ELECTRICAL HAZARDS: Faulty or damage wiring or equipment. Loose connections. Use of poor quality fittings. Lack of earthing /bonding and grounding. Use of overrated fuse or jumper. Working on live equipment. Overloading of power sockets and equipment. Poor housekeeping. Handling of electrical equipment with an incompetent person and lack of training awareness. Lack of safe working procedure and communication. Failure to use appropriate PPE and use. Lack of warning signs. 7 16

17. Electrical Hazards ELECTRICAL SAFETY CONTROL MEASURES: A competent and experienced person shall be allowed to do electrical jobs. Don’t work on live equipment, isolation and multi lock system shall be followed. Don’t hang cloth or any material on electrical equipment. Handling of electrical equipment or switchgear shall not be done with wet hand or body. Electrical switches or access to them shall not block by any material. Use appropriate PPE while working on electrical equipment. 7 17

18. Noise  Hazards 7 18 Noise is one of the most common physical hazards present in the occupational setting. Depending on frequency, amplitude (volume) and duration of exposure, hearing protection may be required. Inadequate hearing protection or prolonged exposure to noise can result in either temporary or permanent hearing loss. Machinery and equipment are the most likely sources of hazardous noise in the workplace . Hearing Protection Hearing protection is rated for its ability to decrease noise exposure ( Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) ). You must wear hearing protection with an adequate NRR for the noise exposure encountered

19. House keeping 7 19 A workplace that practices good housekeeping not only increases worker morale but prevents injuries and illnesses . Good housekeeping is an important element of a safety and health program for reducing hazards in the workplace. Housekeeping also keeps the work area clean and free from clutter that can contribute to workplace incidents. Employer must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the safety, health and welfare of all workers and others in the workplace.

20. 20 9 House Keeping Benefits of good housekeeping in the workplace : Eliminates and/or reduces slips, trips and falls Decreases fire hazards by reducing waste, debris and flammable materials Improves worker health by reducing exposure to harmful substances and airborne particles Fewer worker injuries because equipment is maintained, materials are well-organized and warning signs are posted Reduced work-related stress on the worker To maintain good housekeeping practices, employers should: Allocate time for workers to clean and clear all waste from the workplace Regularly inspect and repair tools and equipment in the workplace Ensure spills are immediately cleaned and warning signs are visible Keep aisles and walkways clear from obstructions Provide directions, labels and signs for items in the workplace Maintain clean lighting fixtures that are free from dust Ensure garbage is segregated and regularly collected

21. Ergonomics 7 21 Ergonomics is the science of adapting tools, workstations, equipment, and job practices to help reduce the risk of injury. It involves matching the work (job) to the worker (individual ). Examples of ergonomic Workstation set up S afe lifting techniques P roper posture A ppropriate seating position Adaptive equipment

22. Slips, Trips and Falls 7 22 Every working day,  seven people  are hurt in work slips, trips and falls on the same level. Slips, trips and falls are the  second highest  single cause of workplace injuries.

23. Slips, Trips and Falls 7 23 Tips to Stay Safe If you see something you might slip or trip on, tell your supervisor right away. Clean up spills and anything slippery. Check with your supervisor about how to use cleaning products. Don’t use cleaners that could make the floor slippery. Clear walkways, stairs, and lobbies of anything that might be a tripping hazard, such as cords, wires, empty boxes, and clutter. Make sure that floor mats lay flat rather than wrinkled or bunched. Use handrails when you walk up and down steps. Before using any ladder or stepladder, make sure it opens fully. Check that ladder extensions are fully locked and that the ladder legs are stable on a flat, non-slippery surface. Clean off any slippery material on the rungs, steps, or feet of a ladder before you use it. Don’t go over the load limit noted on the ladder.

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