Salivary gland physiology ,Water and electrolyte secretion.pptx

Salivary gland physiology about water and electrolyte secretion and clinical correlation with Sjögren’s syndrome.Here is my small effort on making you understand . I have kept it simple.

1. Topic: Parotid Swelling Objective : To describe mechanisms of water and electrolyte secretion by glandular cells. Correlation Seminar Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary system Name : Bidhan Nepal Roll no: 2108 MBBS second year

2. Glandular epithelium, also known as glandular tissue, refers to a type of epithelial tissue involved in the production and released of different secretory products, such as sweat, saliva, breast milk, digestive enzymes, and hormones, among many other substances. What is glandular cell?

3. Secretion of Water and electrolyte by glandular cells Glandular cells Organic compounds Water and electrolyte(Inorganic compounds) Lets discuss:

4. Cell Blood vessel Lumen Secretion of water Cell Cell H₂O Water gets into lumen by paracellular transport mechanism Aquaporin 3 Aquaporin5 H₂O H₂O

5. Lumen Cell Cell Cell Na+ Na+ Secretion of sodium Sodium gets into lumen by paracellular transport mechanism Blood vessel

6. H+ K+ K+ 2K+ 3Na+ K+ Na+ 2Cl- Secretion of potassium into lumen Entry of potassium into cell by 1)Na+ K+ ATPase 2)Na+ K+ 2Cl- channel Entry of potassium into lumen by 1)Potassium channels 2)Hydrogen Potassium ATPase

7. Na+ 2Cl- K+ Cl- HCO3 - CFTR Lumen Cell Blood vessel Secretion of Chloride Chloride gets into cell by 1)Chloride Bicarbonate exchanger 2) Na+ K+ 2Cl- transporter Chloride gets into lumen by Chloride channel called CFR Cl-

8. HCO3 - Cl- CO2 + H2O H₂CO₃ H+ H+ Na+ Secretion of bicarbonate Lumen Cell Blood vessel HCO3 - Carbonic anhydrase

9. Primary saliva secretion mechanism

10. In Duct( Striated duct) The luminal and basolateral membranes with transporters for sodium absorbtion Absorbtion of sodium and chloride ions Secretion of Bicarbonate and potassium ions Hypotonic saliva

11. Saliva secretion

12. Saliva is formed in two stages Primary secretion at acinar level Secondary secretion at duct level At duct level 1)Concentration of Na+ and Cl- are reduced. 2)Concentration of K+ and HCO3- are increased. is isotonic to plasma. is Hypotonic .

13. Acid secretion by parietal cell Blood vessel

14. Regulation of secretion 1)Nervous regulation : By parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous system 1)Parasympathetic increases secretion 2)Sympathetic also increases secretion but has dual action Sympathetic increases secretion alone . But along with parasympathetic it decreases secretion

15. Parasympathetic supply of parotid gland Parasympathetic supply of submandibular and sublingual glands Sympathetic supply is by superior cervical ganglion

16. 2) Hormonal control Most of the glands in human body is under both hormonal and nervous control while Salivary gland is under nervous regulation only I) Somatostatin decreases the secretion of glands. II)Secretin, a hormone released by S cells of duodenum causes release of HCO3- from pancreatic duct and cystic duct For example : III) Gastrin causes release of acid in stomach

17. Correlations 1)Cystic Fibrosis Pseudomonas infection is common

18. Organs affected in Cystic Fibrosis

19. 2)Sjögren's syndrome It is the autoimmune disorder where immune cells (lymphocytic destruction)and autoantibodies attack salivary and lacrimal glands No secretion by these glands Leading to dry mouth(Xerostomia) and dry eyes(Xeropthalmia)

20. References and bibliography 1)Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition 2) https://www.slideshare.net/salivary-secretion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis 3) Thank you