Salivary glands pptz................pptx

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1. SALIVARY GLANDS

2. INTRODUCTION SALIVARY GLANDS TYPES & LOCATION DEVELOPMENT STRUCTURE OF THE GLANDS CONTENTS SALIVA PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS FORMATION OF SALIVA COMPOSITION & FUNCTIONS PROSTHODONTIC IMPLICATIONS XEROSTOMIA SALIVARY SUBSTITUTES CONCLUSION

3. 3 INTRODUCTION

4. 4 CLASSIFICATION

5. 5 LOCATION OF SALIVARY GLANDS Parotid gland Parotid duct { Stensen’s duct}

6. 6 SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND Submandibular duct- (Wharton’s duct)

7. 7 SUBLINGUAL GLANDS Sublingual duct {Bartholin’s duct}

8. DEVELOPMENT

9. 9 STRUCTURE OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS DUCT SYSTEM : Intercalated Striated Excretory

10. 10 SALIVARY GLAND ACINI: Serous Mucous Mixed

11. 11 DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS I. Developmental Anomalies - Aberrant Salivary Glands - Aplasia and Hypoplasia - Accessory Ducts and diverticuli II. Obstructive Conditions - Sialolithiasis - Mucocele - Necrotizing sialometaplasia III. Inflammatory Disorders Viral - Mumps - H.I.V. Associated Bacterial - Sialadenitis

12. 12 IV. Neoplastic Diseases Benign Malignant Epithelial Mesenchymal V. Degenerative Conditions Sjogren’s Syndrome Ionizing Radiation VI. Xerostomia

13. 13 SIALOLITHIASIS

14. 14 MUCOCELE

15. 15 RANULA

16. 16 NECROTIZING SIALOMETAPLASIA It is caused due to trauma resulting in ischemia of the salivary gland.

17. 17 INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS Characterized by painful bilateral/unilateral swellings of the affected glands esp. while eating food or opening the mouth. MUMPS Caused by Paramyxovirus. H.I.V. Associated Seen along with Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Lymphoma. BACTERIAL SIALADENITIS Caused by Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus viridans .

18. 18 ALLERGIC SIALADENITIS Allergic reaction to certain drugs like Phenothiazine and Sulfisoxazole . SARCOID SIALADENITIS It is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. TREATMENT : Symptomatic/Antibiotics/Surgical drainage.

19. 19 DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS Ionizing radiation : Progressive fibrosis and parenchymal degeneration of the salivary gland. Sjogren’s syndrome :

20. 20 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SALIVA Average Daily flow : 1-1.5 litres Normal pH : 6-7 Normal flow rate Unstimulated : >0.1 ml/min Stimulated : 0.2 – 7 ml/min Residual volume of saliva : 0.8 ml

21. 21 COMPOSITION

22. 22 ORGANIC COMPONENTS ENZYMES Amylase, lingual lipase, lysozyme, esterase, maltase, kallikrein PROTEINS Mucins, Lactoferrin, Albumin, Immunoglobulins NON PROTEIN NITROGENOUS SUBSTANCES Urea, Creatinine, Sialin , Statherin

23. 23 INORGANIC COMPONENTS Sodium Potassium Chloride Bicarbonate Calcium Phosphorus Flouride Thiocyanate

24. 24 FUNCTIONS OF SALIVA COATING AND LUBRICATION FOOD DIGESTION BUFFERING ACTION MAINTANENCE OF TOOTH INTEGRITY ANTI BACTERIAL ACTION

25. 25 PROSTHODONTIC IMPLICATIONS

26. The physical factors consists of : Adhesion. Cohesion. Surface tension. Capillary attraction.

27. 27 CONDITIONS THAT AFFECT STIMULATION PHYSIOLOGIC Taste Dehydration Age Mastication Emotion

28. PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS THAT INCREASE SALIVATION Digestive tract irritants Ill fitting dentures/inadequate interocclusal distance Vitamin deficiency Trauma from surgery

29. 29 PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS THAT DECREASE SALIVATION - Senile atrophy of the salivary glands - Irradiation therapy - Dieseases of the brain stem - Diabetes mellitus/ insipidus - Acute infectious diseases

30. XEROSTOMIA CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

31. PROSTHODONTIC IMPLICATIONS - Retention is affected. - Frictional irritation to the denture supporting tissues - Difficulty in mastication and deglutition. - Patient may discontinue the use of dentures

32. MANAGEMENT Denture use limited to short periods. Nutritious diet/soft and moist food. Chewing sugarless gums and frequent liquid intake. Good denture hygiene to be maintained to prevent candidiasis. Lowering the dosage or changing the drug.. Salivary substitutes.

33. SALIVA RESERVOIR DENTURE

34. SIALORRHEA Caused due to an increased flow of blood through the salivary glands and their excessive stimulation. Management Correction of the dentures Reassurance /psychotherapy of the patient

35. 36 SIALOGRAPHY VARIOUS RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCES

36. 37 Salivary substitutes/Artificial saliva Artificial saliva comes in several forms Oral spray Oral rinse Gel They are: Carboxymethylcellulose {CMC} based . Glycerin Minerals Xylitol

37. 38 CONCLUSION Mechanism of retention is a highly complex one ,under the control of numerous factors. Chief among them are the forces related to the wetting of the denture and the surface tension, adhesive and cohesive characteristics of the saliva, without which denture wearing becomes a painful process. Thus saliva plays a profound role in the maintenance of oral health in the denture wearing patient .

38. 39 REFERENCES Textbook of medical physiology by John E.Hall 13th Edition  Human Anatomy By B.D Chaurasia 4th Edition Boucher O.Carl , ‘Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients’, ed.12,Delhi, 2004, Elsevier. Charles M.Heartwell Jr., ‘Syllabus of Complete dentures’, ed.4; Philadelphia, 1984 Burhanpurwala et.al . Edentulous patient with artificial saliva reservoir denture , Loni , The journal of Indian Prosthodontic society,2009